Ancestral Culture Research Articles

Curating the Christian Arts of Asia

Abstract This essay examines the transformation of the Asian Civilisations Museum (ACM) into a global art histories museum. An analysis of the new Christian Art Gallery and its objects that date from the eighth through the twentieth century illuminates the ways in which the ACM engages with global art histories in a permanent gallery and not only through special exhibitions. This essay begins with a history of the ACM and its transition from a museum for the “ancestral cultures of Singapore” to one with a new mission focusing on multicultural Singapore and its connections to the wider world. Hence, taking a thematic approach, the ACM's new galleries question how museums generally display objects along national lines or regional boundaries. This essay also brings attention to the multiple mediums and functions of Christian art from both the geographical locations that usually are associated with Asian art and also from cultures that are rarely taught or exhibited, such as Timor-Leste, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. While showcasing the different moments that Christianity came to Asia, the museum also emphasizes the agencies of Asian artistic practitioners in those global encounters. Although appreciative of the ways in which the ACM's Christian Art Gallery reveal the various tensions within global art histories and break down hegemonic constructions of Christian art from Asia, this essay also offers a critique. Highlighting this unusual engagement with Christian art by an Asian art museum, the new gallery reveals that museums and exhibitions can add to the conversations on global art histories.

Review of Tourism Geography to Preservation of Barong Ider Bumi Cultures in Banyuwangi Regency Indonesia

Kemiren Village, one of the cultural tourism villages in Banyuwangi, has a unique tradition that is usually held every year. This tradition is often referred to as Ider Bumi or Barong Ider . Barong Ider is the main attraction for tourism. The aims of this study are: (1) knowing the Kemiren Village as the village that owns the culture, (2) knowing the Barong Ider Bumi tradition, (3) knowing the development of Barong Ider Bumi as a tourist attraction based on a Geography Tourism perspective. The method of this research is qualitative descriptive. Research steps start from determining the issues, observation, library research, and interviews. Data analysis was done by using the Geography Tourism perspective. Kemiren cultural tourism village seeks to maintain the authenticity of their ancestral culture and traditions. With the authenticity and wisdom of their culture, it becomes the main attraction for tourists. Although many new cultures are coming in, their culture and traditions are still very awake. The Kemiren Village Community made various improvements in terms of public services for tourists without changing the authenticity of their culture. Tourism Geography Study explained that's the cultural tourism of Barong Ider Bumi , which has attracted tourists by providing tourist facilities properly. Barong Ider Bumi , as cultural tourism, produces various advancements and improvements in terms of economic and social life in Banyuwangi. Keywords: Barong Ider Bumi , cultural tourism, preservation ways.

Traditional food knowledge of Indonesia: a new high-quality food dataset and automatic recognition system

Traditional food knowledge (TFK) is an essential aspect of human life. In terms of sociocultural aspects, TFK is necessary to protect ancestral culture. In terms of health, traditional foods contain better and more natural ingredients compared to the ingredients of processed foods. Considering this background, in this study, data acquisition and automatic food recognition were performed for traditional food in Indonesia. The food images were captured in a professional mini studio. The food image data were captured under the same light intensity, camera settings, and shooting distance from the camera. The parameters were precisely measured and configured with a light intensity meter, adjustable lighting, and a laser distance measurement device. The data of 1644 traditional food images were successfully obtained in the data acquisition process. These images corresponded to 34 types of traditional foods, and 30–50 images were obtained for each type of food. The size of the raw food image data was 53 GB. The data were divided into sets for training, testing, and validation. An automatic recognition system was developed to classify the traditional food of Indonesia. Training was performed using several types of convolutional neural network (CNN) models such as Densenet121, Resnet50, InceptionV3, and Nasnetmobile. The evaluation results indicated that when using a high quality dataset, the automatic recognition system could realize satisfactory area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) and high accuracy, precision, and recall values of more than 0.95.

Islamic Moderation Through Education Characters of Aswaja An-Nahdliyyah

This study aims to elaborate the strengthening of Islamic moderateism through Aswaja An-Nahdliyyah character education. The researcher describes the behavior of Aswaja An-Nahdliyyah character education practiced by Islamic educational institutions as a basis for strengthening religious moderatism. The role of Islamic education institutions in applying moderate Islamic understanding in this disruption era is necessary. Because, students are faced with conditions of changing the order of values ​​and traditions that are very fast and unexpected. Through a descriptive-qualitative approach, data collection is done by interview, observation, and documentation. Through the frame of character education theory, the data analyzed using the stages of reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. Apparently, Aswaja An-Nahdliyyah's character education at MTs. Miftahul Huda Bulungan Pakis Aji Jepara was developed through teaching the value of tawassuth, tawazun, tasamuh and i'tidal. The implementation as culture of madrasa, such as the obligation to pray before starting the lesson, orderly running pickets, praying dzuhur in congregation, wearing school uniforms, preserving ancestral culture, familiarizing greetings, sympathetic care routinely for yatama and dhuafa, maintaining the cleanliness of the madrasa environment, and a ban on littering the classroom walls. The limitation of this study has specific scope. That is the focus on strengthening religious moderateism in Islamic educational institutions which are under the shelter of the LP. Maarif NU Jepara Regency. There are still gaps for other researchers to conduct development research outside of that scope.

Escalation: Assemblage, archive, animation

ABSTRACT In the uncertain early 2000s when violence between Muslims and Christians racked the Malukan islands on Indonesia's eastern edge, a handful of Protestant ministers waged an iconoclastic attack on a museum collection dedicated to Seram Island's ancestral headhunting culture and centred upon statues and portraits of mythical war captains. I track the heterogeneous sites and incidents that came together in the attack, including the animation of the museum's headhunter collection, as the past exceeded the ways in which it had been previously engaged and managed materially, existentially, and in its effects. Drawing on understandings of assemblage, archive, and cinematic animation, I explore the regime of secrecy and revelation that constituted the driving force behind the museum's continually expanding collection, was embedded in the complex of buildings and artifacts of which the museum forms a part, and entailed in its aesthetic and museographic practices. Taken together, they intimate how escalation, in this ethnographic example, was an always present potentiality – one that became disclosed when headhunting's secrets burst into the world with devastating consequences. What enabled these events, among other factors, was the materiality of the collection and the matter of scale or, more precisely, the visibility of scale such that it is deemed capable of attracting the gaze – directing attention within the spiralling inter-religious violence and turmoil to the headhunter statues and portraits of the museum, triggering a ‘crisis of faith’ in its director, and leaving torn canvases and broken statues in its wake.

PODE UM CURRÍCULO AQUILOMBAR-SE?

Resumo Este artigo discute a importância atribuída às escolas pelas comunidades quilombolas. Defende o argumento de que a escola e suas práticas, seus modos de organização e funcionamento se constituem em aquilombamento, entendido como uma forma de resistir às imposições coloniais e assegurar a existência da cultura, tradições e heranças ancestrais dessas comunidades. A pesquisa, realizada na escola do quilombo Tomé Nunes, na Bahia, utilizou-se de entrevistas e observações participativas para a coleta de dados e concluiu que a luta por um currículo aquilombado em seus aspectos políticos, geográficos, históricos e culturais se constitui em práticas de resistência diante das imposições colonialistas prescritas pelas atuais políticas curriculares.

ACCULTURATION OF ISLAMIC CULTURE AND SAYYANG PATTU’DU AT DESA LERO, DISTRICT SUPPA, REGENCY PINRANG

The tradition of sayyang pattu'du is the ancestral culture of Mandar which is combined with Islamic culture, as a form of appreciation to the children who love the Qur'an, so it becomes a motivation for children to immediately attend the Qur'an. The sub-problems in this study, namely 1) How the beginning of the emergence of the tradition of Sayyang Pattu'du, 2) How is the procedure for implementing the tradition of Sayyang Pattu'du in the village of Lero, 3) How is the acculturation of Islam with the tradition of Sayyang Pattu'du. and the purpose of this research is to find out the beginning of the emergence of the tradition of Sayyang Pattu'du in the village of Lero. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research using data collection techniques namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The approach used is historical approach, sociology, anthropology, phenomenology and theology. Data analysis techniques used are deductive, inductive and comparative. The results showed that: the beginning of the emergence of the tradition of sayyang pattu'du when Islam entered in the land of Mandar during the reign of the kingdom of Balanipa, namely the fourth king Daetta tommuane, which was under the preachers. Then it was developed by K.H Muhammad Tahir Imam Lapeo, so that this tradition developed and was carried out until in the village of Lero because the majority of the population was the Mandar tribe. In the village of Lero, the implementation of the sayyang pattu'du tradition was carried out every two years coupled with the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad. The procedure for implementing it is through several stages, namely first preparing the things needed, ma'barasanji, marrattas baca and parrawana. This tradition is an acculturation of Islam and the culture of Mandar ancestral ancestors. The acculturation of Islam and the culture of the ancestors of the mandar found in the tradition of sayyang pattu'du are khatam al-Qur'an, the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad, reading of barzanji, traditional customs of Mandar, Mandar art (rawana and kalinda'da), motivating others, and hospitality

ETNOZOOLOGI SEBAGAI MISTIS OLEH MASYARAKAT DAYAK SIMPAKNG DI DESA SEMANDANG KANAN KECAMATAN SIMPANG DUA KABUPATEN KETAPANG

Dayak Simpakng community, which is located in Semandang Kanan Village, Simpang Dua District, Ketapang Regency, is a Dayak community that still preserves ancestral culture for generations. One of their cultures is still utilizing the animals around them as mystical. The purpose of this study is to obtain data of animals species that are used as mystics, the parts used and the meaning of these animals. The method used in this study is a survey method, the selection of respondents was carried out using snowball sampling techniques. Based on the results of interviews with 25 selected respondents obtained 23 species of animals from 19 families which used as a mystic by the Dayak Simpakng community. Some parts that are used as mystical that is the sound, foot in animals and all the body.Keywords: Dayak Simpakng, Ethnozoology, Mystical Animal.

A POST-TRUTH CULTURISM AND ITS DELUSIONS

In a postmodern culturism, everything is relative, in this way, nothing can be affirmed as absolute truth. Taking into account that culturism is the belief that some cultures are superior than others, this essay proposes the idea that a postmodern culturism is the belief, superior to others, that all cultures are to be revered. Within a postmodern culturism, the essay proposes the analysis of three common arguments through a specific epistemological perspective, rationalism: empirical data and the primacy of reason. The analyzed arguments are: first, all cultures ought to be equally revered; second, western logic is different to the ancestral logic; third, all ancestral cultures have wisdom. The article concludes that these arguments do not withstand the rational analysis.

La construcción del relato mítico ancestral en el arte y la poesía mapuche actual

El arte mapuche actual se caracteriza por mezclar prácticas de la producción artística y del saber cultural mapuche ancestral como de la cultura occidental. En este sentido, la actual obra de arte se constituye en un topos agonístico donde se desplazan, significan y resignifican elementos y categorías, propias y ajenas, buscando definir una identidad; así, la obra se abre tanto hacia la recuperación de lo propio -a través del proceso de retradicionalización cultural-, como hacia la desvinculación de lo ajeno -a través del proceso de resistencia cultural-. En esta dinámica, el relato mítico ancestral se ubica como uno de los elementos artísticoculturales transversales donde reafirmar la diferencia cultural y al mismo tiempo como un importante vehiculador de las bases estéticas tradicionales. Desde este punto de vista, el presente trabajo busca saber cómo el actual proceso artístico y literario mapuche resignifica el relato mítico y en este proceso transforma o no algunas de las bases estéticas inscritas en él.

TRADISI REBO WEKASAN DI DESA SUCI KECAMATAN MANYAR KABUPATEN GRESIK (KAJIAN FUNGSI SOSIAL DAN NILAI BUDAYA)

The purpose of this study was to find out the tradition of Rebo Wekasan and follow the tradition of Rebo Wekasan which was carried out by the Suci KecamatanVillage Manyar District, Gresik. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach proposed by Sugiyono with descriptive analysis and content. The results of this study are expected can contribute scientific thoughts and ideas about the habits of the Javanese people in preserving ancestral culture in this case the Rebo Wekasan Tradition as a cultural preserve in the area. The conclusions of this study are (1) strengthening the faith and piety of Allah SWT because basically the Tradition of Rebo Wekasan which is commemorated in the month of prayer is to ask for protection from Allah SWT because in that month there are many calamities and disasters, (2) the realization of togetherness and harmony between layers an enthusiastic community in commemorating the Rebo Wekasan Tradition by mutual cooperation and shoulder to shoulder in carrying out these activities.

Allicin neuroprotective effect during oxidative/inflammatory injury involves AT1-Hsp70-iNOS counterbalance axis

The ancestral cultures have described many therapeutic properties of garlic; therefore, it is of central interest to elucidate the molecular basis explaining this millenary empirical knowledge. Indeed, it has been demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of allicin-a phytochemical present in garlic- linked to oxidative-inflammatory modulation. Allicin improved neuronal injury by heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) regulation. Also, allicin exerts renal protection involving a possible angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1) interaction. In connection, AT1 overexpression has been recognized as a central deleterious factor in many brain diseases. However, there are no studies that evaluate AT1-Hsp70-iNOS interaction as a mechanism linked to neuroinflammation. Thus, our central aim is to evaluate if the allicin protective effect is associated with an AT1-Hsp70-iNOS counterbalance axis. For this study, a murine microglial cell line (BV-2) was injured with lipopolysaccharides and treated or not with allicin. Then, it was evaluated cell viability, proinflammatory cytokine levels, cellular oxidative stress, iNOS, Hsp70, and AT1 protein expression (cellular and mitochondrial fractions), nitrite levels, and protein-protein interactions. The results demonstrated that allicin could prevent neuronal injury due to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammatory status mediated by an AT1-Hsp70-iNOS counterbalance axis linked to direct protein-protein interaction.

Contribution to improvement of the traditional extraction of olive oil by pressure from whole and stoned olives by addition of a co-adjuvant (talc)

The olive growing is one of the strategic sectors of the Algerian economy. Traditional olive culture located in the mountains of Kabylia offers typical oil widely preferred by a large part of the Algerian consumers. However, this ancestral culture risks not only abandonment but suffers much more from uncontrolled of the good practices surrounding this local product requiring a valorization accompanied by improvement. Indeed, the difficulty to extract the total oil contained in the fruit is one of the main obstacles of the extraction method particularly by pressure. Nevertheless, some actions as the addition of co-adjuvant during the malaxing process allow improving efficiency of the extraction process. Our results indicate that the addition of 2.5% of talc as a co-adjuvant to a moistless paste obtained from whole olives significantly improves the oil yield by about 4.4% without altering the acidity compared to the control. Similarly, stoning improves the moisture of the pressed mass although without improving yield of the oil characterized by a slight decrease in acidity compared to other extracted oils. Therefore, our results confirm the beneficial effect of talc on the extraction of olive oil and contribute to the improvement of the traditional extraction by pressure to enhance the value of this local product.

Inclusive Eclipse: a sensorial experiencing along Chile

AbstractAn Eclipse is an astronomical event that convenes a large audience. Few days before it, most of the community is aware of the event and the press is activated fully on it. The alignment recovers our most intrinsic human aspects, the curiosity, and enthusiasm for a natural phenomenon. This work is focused to enjoy and perceive it in three different ways: visually, listening, and in an artistic expression.We focused on the construction of more than one hundred LightSound devices, which the main purpose is to record the light intensity and transform it into different tones. Besides, we created an artistic representation of the Eclipse motivated by the ancestral culture of the people residing in the totality zone. This music adds a sensorial joy to the eclipse event.

CAT TRADITION IN THE REVIEW OF THE MEANING OF SYMBOLIS AND ITS POTENTIAL IN THE CURAHJATI VILLAGE, BANYUWANGI REGENCY

This study aims to find out how the origins of the Mantu Kucing tradition and its implementation process. As well as describing the symbolic meaning and potential in the Curhajati Hamlet, Grajagan Village, Bnayuwangi Regency.The m ethod used is a qualitative approach with descriptive type. Data sources used in this study are primary data sources and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques by interview, observation, and documented / archived.From the research that has been carried out it is mentioned that the Cat-in-Law Tradition in the village of Ekstrajati Grajagan Village began in 1930. The tradition is still carried out until now once a year during the long dry season. The tradition of the Cat Aunt has symbolic meaning in terms of the procession and equipment used during the Cat Aunt ritual. The mediation is a form of mediation or a way of saying prayers to ask for rain from God Almighty so that rain will soon be reduced. As well as expressions of gratitude for the blessings of God Almighty, and preservation of ancestral culture. The tradition of Mantu Kucing has the potential to unite Dagjati dusun community to maintain mutual friendship and work together in building the culture that is owned by Dagjati Dagjati Village Grajagan Village.

Entering the Magic Mists

This article explores the ways in which contemporary Pagans in Ireland engage with traditional culture, as well as with notions of the Celtic, in forming identities that are regarded by some practitioners as being indigenous identities. This cultural process at work in the Pagan movement is examined against a backdrop of contested constructions of “Irishness” in different political and sociocultural milieus. Drawing from ethnographic research on the Irish Pagan community, the examination includes examples of mechanisms used by modern Pagans to engage with ancestral and historical cultures. In entering the magic mists to search for symbols and ideas to help connect to the “old religion,” modern Pagans create something new and unique while taking inspiration from the past. This overview of Pagans’ utilization of cultural forms, and their use of tradition, aims to communicate why this creative approach to the past, and resulting formation and maintenance of identities, is culturally significant in the Irish context.

Herberto Helder e Ernesto Cardenal, bons vizinhos e bons aliados

Apesar de Herberto Helder e Ernesto Cardenal poderem ser considerados dois poetas irreverentes dis­tintos, há, no entanto, algo que os une: o interesse pela poesia primitiva, de povos e tribos indígenas, de culturas ancestrais, e a concepção de tradução dessa mesma poesia. E isto é visível, essencialmente, quer nos Poemas Mudados para Português, de Herberto Helder, quer na Antología de Poesía Primitiva, de Ernesto Cardenal. Sendo assim, a partir de uma abordagem comparativa, pretende-se demonstrar que nestes dois poetas se conseguem encontrar afinidades peculiares que os tornam não só bons vizinhos, como também bons aliados.

Analisis Ritual Perang Pandan Berbasis Perspektif Diakronis di Desa Wisata Tenganan Pegringsingan


 
 
 Tenganan Pegringsingan Village Tourism is located in Karangasem Regency, which has many ancestral cultures and traditions that are still held today. One of the famous traditions of the Tenganan Pegringsingan Village Tourism is the tradition perang pandan (Mekare - kare). Perang pandan has its own uniqueness that can only be found in Tenganan Village, from this uniqueness that makes many tourists who visit the Tenganan Pegringsingan Village Tourism just to witness the uniqueness of the perang pandan ritual.
 This study sought to find diachronic developments in the implementation of the perang pandan ritual, before and after the establishment of Tenganan Pegringsingan Village into a Village Tourism, using the over-time comparative method. The results of this study indicate, first seen from the indicator of time, participants who followed the tradition of the perang pandan ritual experienced a change. Secondly seen from the room indicator, the implementation of the perang pandan ritual is still permanent, cannot be changed. Third, judging from the level indicator, the perang pandan ritual has begun to move to a more complex level than before. and the last seen from the composite indicator, time, space and level, the perang pandan ritual has begun to be packaged into a tourist attraction, in the form of a festival tenganan that is routinely carried out every year.
 Keywords: Perang pandan, Diachronic Perspective. Village Tourism
 
 

Analysis of microbiota in cultures of the green microalga Tetraselmis suecica

ABSTRACT Bacteria associated with microalgae strongly affect algal biomass and derived product yield and quality. Nevertheless, only a few studies have addressed the detailed phylogenetic characterization of bacterial communities associated with microalgae. In this study, the phycospheric bacterial communities associated with different Tetraselmis suecica F&M-M33 cultures, a green marine microalga with several industrial applications, were analysed using a metagenomic approach. The T. suecica F&M-M33 cultures used originated from the same ancestral microalgal non-axenic culture but were physically and geographically separated for years and maintained under different growing conditions. Despite the different history of the cultures, a ‘core’ bacterial community was identified, accounting for 70% of the total bacterial community and formed by at least 13 families. Among the ‘core’ operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 24 different genera were identified. Nevertheless, there was a high variability in the relative proportions of the taxa forming the ‘core’ community, indicating that the growing conditions and/or external contamination influence the relative abundance of these microorganisms. Our study allowed the identification of persistent taxa that may be used to deepen the knowledge of the complex relationship between T. suecica and its associated bacteria.

Identification with ancestral culture is associated with fewer internalizing problems among older Naskapi adolescents.

The manifestations of externalizing and internalizing behaviors among minority adolescents might best be understood by examining their relation to culturally specific factors, such as cultural identity, as well as to factors that seem to be relevant across cultures, such as age and gender. In this study, we examined the roles of age and gender in moderating the relation between self-reported cultural identity and externalizing and internalizing problems and the interaction between Indigenous and Mainstream cultural identity in relation to problematic behaviors. The participants included 61 students (32 female) with a mean age of 14.5 years (SD = 1.69) from a Naskapi reserve in Quebec, Canada. Age moderated the relation between identification with Indigenous culture and internalizing symptomatology. Indigenous and Mainstream cultural identity did not interact in predicting internalizing or externalizing problems. Consistent with the available evidence regarding the centrality of identity in adolescent development, the magnitude of the inverse relation between identification with Indigenous culture and number of clinical internalizing symptoms appears to increase in significance later in adolescence. The lack of an interaction between Indigenous and Mainstream cultural identity in relation to internalizing and externalizing problems suggests that it is the need to consider both cultures individually without the assumption that one negates the other.