Anatase Phase Of TiO2 Research Articles

Photocatalytic degradation of orange II dye via high pore volume polymorph zirconium-doped titania under visible light irradiation

A series of mixed-phase Zr-doped TiO2 was utilized for the photocatalytic degradation of orange II dye. These materials were synthesized through a sol–gel technique by varying the amounts of zirconium in the photocatalysts. These materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) among others. XRF and XPS data showed that the elemental composition of the photocatalysts consists of zirconium, titanium, and oxygen. In addition, XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the existence of anatase and rutile phases of TiO2. The TGA analyses showed that the undoped TiO2 was the most stable, with no significant weight loss during the heating range. Furthermore, the materials can effectively degrade orange II dye solution up to 7 cycles through asymmetric cleavage of the azo bond.

Synthesis of mesoporous Ag/α-Fe2O3/TiO2 heterostructures with enhanced and accelerated photo/-catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is reported to originate disadvantageous effects on the human body collected from industrial pollutants; therefore, the detoxification of 4-NP in aqueous contamination is strongly recommended. In this study, the heterojunction mesoporous α-Fe2O3/TiO2 modulated with diverse Ag percentages has been constructed via a sol-gel route in the occurrence of a soft template P123. The formation of biphasic crystalline TiO2 anatase and brookite phases has been successfully achieved with the average 10nm particle sizes. The photo/-catalytic reduction of 4-NP has been performed utilizing NaBH4 as a reducing agent with and without visible illumination. All Ag/Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited significantly higher photo/-catalytic reduction efficiency than pure Fe2O3, TiO2 NPs, and Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposite. 2.5% Ag/Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposite was considered the highest and superior photocatalytic reduction efficiency, and it almost achieved 98% after 9min. Interestingly, the photocatalytic reduction of 4-NP was accelerated 9 times higher than the catalytic reduction over 2.5% Ag/Fe2O3/TiO2; its rate constant value was 709 and 706 times larger than pure TiO2 and Fe2O3 NPs, respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic reduction ability of Ag/Fe2O3/TiO2 nanocomposite might be referred to as significantly providing visible light absorption and a large surface area, and it can upgrade the effective separation and mobility of electron holes. The stability of the synthesized catalysts exhibited that the obtained catalysts can undergo a slight decrease in reduction efficiency after five successive cycles. This approach highlights a novel route for constructing ternary nanocomposite systems with high photo/-catalytic ability.

Low-Temperature Synthesis of Cu-Doped Anatase TiO2 Nanostructures via Liquid Phase Deposition Method for Enhanced Photocatalysis.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis can harness the energy from sunlight, providing a solution to many green- and energy-related problems. In this study, we aimed to produce Cu doped TiO2 (Cu-TiO2) structures at a low temperature (~70 °C) under atmospheric pressure based on liquid phase deposition. The products prepared with Cu nitrate exhibited anatase-phase TiO2 with the presence of Cu, and the particles showed a waxberry-like structure. Changing the Cu nitrate concentration allowed control of the atomic concentration; we confirmed ~1.3 atm.% of Cu ions in the product when we applied 10 mM in the precursor solution. By doping Cu, the light absorption edge shifted to 440 nm (~2.9 eV), and we proved the photocatalytic reaction through action spectral measurement. We observed the decomposition of acetaldehyde into CO2 on Cu-TiO2 photocatalysts, which produced optimized improvements in photocatalytic activity at Cu dopant levels between 0.2 and 0.4 atm.%. This study demonstrates that the liquid phase deposition technique can be used for doping metallic ions into TiO2, which shows promise for preparing novel and unique nanomaterials as visible light photocatalysts.

Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of polymer stabilized cadmium selenide quantum dots-titanium dioxide nanocomposites

In this work, we report the synthesis of the nanocomposites of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and their use in the photocatalytic degradation of an organic dye. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are a multifaceted large band gap metal oxide semiconductor that has been subjected to innumerable research studies in the past decades. TiO2 NPs exhibit characteristic properties depending upon their morphology, crystal structure, size and the method of synthesis that makes them suitable and efficient for different applications. The synthesized CdSe QDs were then used to sensitize TiO2 NPS in order to form CdSe QDs-TiO2 nanocomposites. The morphology of the QDs were investigated by high resolution-transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy studies were performed to determine the absorption and emission peaks of the CdSe QDs. The band gap increased of pristine TiO2 NPs and CdSe decorated TiO2 NPs were evalued using UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The XRD pattern of the synthesized nanocomposites depicted the formation of anatase phase of TiO2. These nanocomposites were then used for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye.

Structural, morphological, and optical studies of sol–gel spin coated TiO2 thin films

Nanoporous mesostructured Titanium dioxide [TiO2] thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by sol–gel spin coating method using Titanium tetra isopropoxide as a precursor. One set of the prepared samples was annealed at 300 °C for an hour and another set at 400 °C for an hour. The study of structural, morphological, and optical characterizations of these films was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of the anatase phase of TiO2 nanostructured thin films. The strong Raman line at around 144 cm−1 confirms the anatase phase of the synthesized TiO2. FESEM images show plate-like TiO2 particles from micrometer to sub-micrometer size in the grown thin films. The size of the particles was found to be bigger in dimension in the 400 °C annealed TiO2 thin films than in 300 °C annealed TiO2 thin films. The UV–visible optical absorption studies show high optical absorption in TiO2 thin films in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Micro spherical anatase phase TiO2 thin films for room temperature operated formaldehyde gas sensor applications

A highly sensitive and selective gas sensor is crucial for detecting hazardous gases in the environment at room temperature (RT). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) shows promise as an excellent candidate for gas sensing due to its superior sensitivity and stability, even in robust conditions. TiO2 could potentially replace volatile organic compound (VOC) gas sensors. This study employed the spray pyrolysis technique to deposit titania thin films. The precursor solution was sprayed onto substrates at temperatures ranging from 375 °C to 450 °C in 25 °C increments. A temperature-dependent study was conducted on TiO2 thin films to examine their structural, optical, and topographical properties. Films deposited at 400 °C and above exhibit a crystalline anatase phase. Higher deposition temperatures resulted in the decreased band gap of TiO2 films. TiO2 films showed excellent response to formaldehyde concentrations (1–25 ppm) and high selectivity over other reducing gases (methanol, ethanol, butanol, toluene, xylene), even at room temperature. Microstructural, optical, and morphological analyses provided valuable insights into the gas sensing mechanism, enhancing understanding of film functionality.

Micro size developed TiO2-CdO composite film: Exhibits diode characteristics

TiO2-CdO composite thick film deposited on Si substrate was characterised for diode applications. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirms the existence of anatase phase of TiO2 and a cubic phase of CdO with a maximum diffraction at (101) plane. Porous surface morphology was recognized from scanning electron microscope (SEM).The UV–visible spectra have revealed a direct band gap of 3.17 eV while photoluminescence spectra and CIE diagram show blue-green emissions at 2.33 eV. Diode parameters such as ideality factor (n) and barrier height (Φb) have been calculated with the aid of I-V characteristics. Thus extracted results indicate the suitability of TiO2-CdO composite thick films for photovoltaic applications.

Effect of doping on the structural and optical properties of pure and Ag-Doped TiO2 thin films deposited by electro-hydrodynamic spray pyrolysis

We investigated the influence of Ag doping on TiO2 thin films. The Undoped TiO2 and 1.5 M Ag-doped TiO2 Films were synthesized by Electrohydrodynamic Spray Pyrolysis Technique, deposited at 270⁰C. The films were characterized by Surface Profilometry, Ultraviolet – Visible light Spectroscopy (UV-Vis Spectroscopy), Optical Microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results from surface profilometry showed that all the samples were thin films in the range of 300 to 600 nm. XRD results reviewed crystalline structure of TiO2 . Crystal phase observed for both TiO2 and silver-doped TiO2 are anatase. The crystal phase observed was tetragonal anatase phase of TiO2 for films deposited.The Undoped TiO2 exhibited low absorbance within the visible spectrum but increases when doped with 1.5 M Ag ion concentration. Within the visible region, the result showed transmittance around 36-87 while the result of refractive index showed that the films have sharp increase in the wavelength of 390 nm to 400 nm and then the curve decreased slowly with further increase in the wavelength. Absorption coefficient increased as TiO2 was doped with Ag Also, Extinction coefficient increased within the visible region as we doped.The study of the microstructural properties using Optical Microscopy showed increase in reduction of grains and also hardness of film as we doped with Ag, with average particle sizes between 6 µm and 10 µm. The direct band-gap for films ranged from 4.70eV- 3.60eV while the indirect band-gap for films ranged between 4.60eV and 2.80eV. Doped film showed narrowed band-gap.

The Effects of Annealing Temperatures and Dimethylformamide Doses on Porous TiO2 Films

In this study, we develop a facile and feasible synthetic technique for producing denser porous titanium dioxide (TiO2) films. The porous TiO2 films are effectively prepared using a sol–gel process with dimethylformamide (DMF). The TiO2 solution is synthesized by adjusting DMF doses ranging from 0 to 10 wt%, and the as-grown TiO2 films are further annealed at different temperatures from 300 to 500 °C. The TiO2 films exhibit an asymmetry anatase TiO2 phase as annealing temperatures increase, and a denser structure as DMF doses increase. The optical properties of all samples are studied, and the porous TiO2 obtained by 7.5 wt% DMF dose demonstrates a remarkable transmittance and reflectance of 51.87% and 27.55%, respectively, in the visible region from 350 to 850 nm when compared to the pure TiO2 films. The calculated band gap values range from 3.15 to 3.25 eV. Furthermore, the resistivity of 350 °C-annealed porous TiO2 thin film is determined by the Hall effect, revealing an increase from 4.46 to an of average 4.79 ohm · cm after injecting DMF solvent. These findings have the potential to assist a growing number of optoelectronic applications.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes Contaminated Aqueous Solution Using Binary CdTiO2 and Ternary NiCdTiO2 Nanocomposites

The synergistic effect of binary CdTiO2 and ternary NiCdTiO2 on the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 nanoparticles was investigated. The SEM analysis demonstrates spherical TiO2 NPs of different sizes present in agglomerated form. The structural analysis of the nanocomposites reveals a porous structure for TiO2 with well deposited Cd and Ni NPs. TEM images show NiCdTiO2 nanocomposites as highly crystalline particles having spherical and cubical geometry with an average particle size of 20 nm. The EDX and XRD analysis confirm the purity and anatase phase of TiO2, respectively. Physical features of NiCdTiO2 nanocomposite were determined via BET analysis which shows that the surface area, pore size and pore volume are 61.2 m2/g, 10.6 nm and 0.1 cm3/g, respectively. The absorbance wavelengths of the CdTiO2 and NiCdTiO2 nanocomposites have shown red shift as compared to the neat TiO2 due to coupling with Ni and Cd that results in the enhanced photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity demonstrated that TiO2, CdTiO2 and NiCdTiO2 degrade methylene blue (MB) and methyl green (MG) about 76.59, 82, 86% and 63.5, 88, 97.5%, respectively, at optimum reaction conditions.

Influences of gamma irradiation on structural, morphological and luminescence characteristics of Nb doped TiO2 nanophosphors

The irradiation induced effects on structural, morphological and luminescence characteristics of Nb:TiO2 phosphors were systematically investigated. Possible defect centers present in the Nb:TiO2 phosphors were also characterized. Anatase phase of TiO2 with minor parasitic Nb-containing phases was specified in crystallographic structure of phosphors. Crystalline size and internal stress enhance with enhancing the exposed dose. The observed rise in the crystalline size was also confirmed in morphological evolution. Moreover, the Nb:TiO2 phosphor exhibits five different photoluminescence peaks. Intensity variations and blue-green–red shifts on the PL peaks were observed after irradiation exposures. Similarly, various trap sites/centers with depth energies between 1.09 eV and 1.99 eV were found in the thermoluminescence analysis. The irradiation exposures both enhance the oxygen vacancies and cation interstitial defects in the structure. The results have depicted that gamma exposure significantly affects the crystallographic and luminescence features of the Nb:TiO2 nanophosphors.

Photocatalytic Activity of Defective TiO2-x for Water Treatment/Methyl Orange Dye Degradation

This study is designed to highlight photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles in methyl orange (MO) dye degradation. Titanium dioxide TiO2 nanopowder was synthesized by conventional sol-gel method and calcined in air atmosphere at different temperatures 350C, 550C and 850C. The prepared TiO2 nanoparticles then were subjected to a solid state reaction with calcium hydride (CaH2) at the same temperatures but calcined in argon atmosphere. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements used for phase and crystalline size identification showed that the obtained samples have the same TiO2 anatase phase, but the crystalline size decreased after reduction treatment. The electronic properties obtained via UV spectroscopy showed the decrease in calculated energy gap from 3.3 eV for prepared TiO2-550 to 2.65 eV for reduced TiO2-CaH2-550, which extend the absorption spectra toward visible light region. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements revealed that the particle size decreased after reduction treatment similar to the XRD crystalline size. EDS results indicated that the deficient in oxygen content relates to formation oxygen vacancies responsible for nonstoichiometric TiO2-x oxides formation. The synthesized reduced TiO2 showed an excellent photo-catalytic activity in methyl orange dye degradation under optimum condition: pH 4.5, 40 mg catalyst loading and 10 ppm initial dye concentration.

High anisotropic magnetoresistance, perfect spin-filtering effect, and negative differential resistance effect of Cr-doped anatase phase TiO2

Anisotropy-based half-metallic materials are highly efficient in spintronic devices and have important applications in spintronics. Anatase phase TiO2 has attracted much attention because of its anisotropy, but its non-magnetism limits its applications in spintronics. We investigate the electronic structure of 3d transition metal-doped anatase phase TiO2 by first principles method to achieve spin injection of anatase. The calculation results exhibit that the Sc, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni-doped systems are half-metallic ferromagnets while other doped systems behave as magnetic metals except the V-doped system is a magnetic semiconductor. The calculated formation energy under O-rich condition are negative shows that all half-metals are thermodynamically stable, and we construct devices along the y-direction of the half-metal and find that the device based on the Cr-doped system has the best electronic transfer capacity under zero bias. Then we use the Cr-doped system as the electrode and the pure anatase unit cell as the central scattering region to construct devices in different directions. We find that the magnitude of the current along different transport directions varied greatly, and the calculated anisotropic magnetoresistance was as high as 300%. Furthermore, whether spin configurations (PC) or antiparallel configurations (APC), there is a 100% spin-filtering efficiency of the device, and we find a significant negative differential resistance effect of the device in PC. These results suggest that Cr-doped anatase phase TiO2 can be used in spintronics.

Simple Synthesis Pathway of Uniform Nanoparticle TiO2 from Hydrolysis of TiCl4 and Kinetic Study of Photocatalytic Decomposition of Azo Compounds

Contamination of clean water has been recognized as a serious environmental problem. Meanwhile, photocatalyst technology is seen as a promising alternative method to overcome environmental problems. However, several obstacles are currently faced. Hydrolysis of TiCl4 to form TiO2 usually produces ununiform phase of TiO2 which makes the kinetic study of TiO2 for photocatalyst reaction difficult to determine. A new synthesis pathway to produce a uniform phase with a simple method has not been established yet. This study has found a controllable and simple route to synthesize a single anatase phase of TiO2. For this experiment, TiCl4 is used as a precursor to TiO2 and calcined at 600°C, then tested for its photocatalytic ability with a solution of organic dyes. According to the X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscope characterizations, TiO2 anatase was successfully synthesized in a single phase without impurities. Furthermore, the synthesized TiO2 was able to degrade organic dyes with a maximum degradation of 60%, 93%, 97% and 87% for methyl orange, methyl violet, bromothymol blue as well as congo red respectively and is therefore an excellent catalyst to reduce water pollutants. Finally, the photocatalytic kinetics calculated using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood first order model showed that the efficiency for the degradation of bromothymol blue showed significant results, 212% more efficient activity compared to TiO2 P25.

TiO2 Nanowires on TiO2 Nanotubes Arrays (TNWs/TNAs) Decorated with Au Nanoparticles and Au Nanorods for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue

In this study, TiO2 nanowires on TiO2 nanotubes arrays (TNWs/TNAs) and Au-decorated TNWs/TNAs nanostructures are designed and fabricated as a new type of photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The TNWs/TNAs were fabricated on Ti folds by anodization using an aqueous NH4F/ethylene glycol solution, while Au nanoparticles (NPs) and Au nanorods (NRs) were synthesized by Turkevich methods. We studied the crystal structure, morphology, and PEC activity of four types of nanomaterial photoanodes, including TNWs/TNAs, Au NPs- TNWs/TNAs, Au NRs-TNWs/TNAs, and Au NPs-NRs-TNWs/TNAs. The TiO2 and Au-TiO2 samples exhibited pure anatase phase of TiO2 with (0 0 4), (1 0 1), and (1 0 5) preferred orientations, while Au-TiO2 presented a tiny XRD peak of Au (111) due to a small Au decorated content of 0.7 ± 0.2 at.%. In addition, the samples obtained a well-defined and uniformed structure of TNAs/TNWs; Au NPs (size of 19.0 ± 1.9 nm) and Au NRs (width of 14.8 ± 1.3 nm and length of 99.8 ± 15.1 nm) were primarily deposited on TNWs top layer; sharp Au/TiO2 interfaces were observed from HRTEM images. The photocurrent density (J) of the photoanode nanomaterials was in the range of 0.24–0.4 mA/cm2. Specifically, Au NPs-NRs- decorated TNWs/TNAs attained the highest J value of 0.4 mA/cm2 because the decoration of Au NPs and Au NRs mixture onto TNWs/TNAs improved the light harvesting capability and the light absorption in the visible-infrared region, enhanced photogenerated carriers’ density, and increased electrons’ injection efficiency via the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect occurring at the Au nanostructures. Furthermore, amongst the investigated nanophotocatalysts, the Au NPs-NRs TNWs/TNAs exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue with a high reaction rate constant of 0.7 ± 0.07 h−1, which was 2.5 times higher than that of the pristine TNWs/TNAs.

Economical construction of spin coater for the fabrication of dielectric reflectors

Spin-coating is a versatile technique that utilizes only a few drops of the synthesized gel as an empirical method to fabricate the appropriate thin films. However, the economical design of a spin coater is always ground-breaking research. This paper reports the development of a spin coater using low-cost components such as SMPS, a brushless D.C. motor, and a proximity sensor. All of these components were contained in a stainless-steel unit and the entire equipment cost only 63 dollars, making it significantly less expensive than a standard one. The constructed spin coater was tested by fabricating three-and-five multilayer structures of TiO2/SiO2 with their respective sol–gel synthesized gels, and an X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies on the structures revealed a broad peak at 25°, confirming the existence of anatase TiO2 (titania) phase and non-crystalline amorphous phase of SiO2 (silica). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy endorsed the presence of titania and silica functional linkages by revealing vibrational bonds at 736 and 612 cm−1, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) in cross-sectional mode on the three- and five-multilayer titania and silica structures evidenced the presence of titania and silica layers with intense (bright) and gloomy (dark) nature respectively. Finally, the reflectance study of the multilayer structures utilising ultraviolet–visible and near-infrared (UV–vis-NIR) spectroscopic showed 68 % and 100 % reflectance in the near-infrared region respectively, and demonstrated to be a dielectric reflector.

Research on wear and high cycle fatigue performance of ceramic coatings produced on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by micro-arc oxidation

Ceramic coatings were produced on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy by Micro-Arc Oxidation (MAO) technique. The morphology and phases of coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technologies. The friction and high cycle fatigue properties were tested in coated and uncoated specimens. The results show that the MAO coatings were mainly composed of the anatase TiO2 phase, which grows in-suit on the surface of the substrate material. There was no transition layer between the coatings and the substrate, and a high bonding strength was obtained. The anti-abrasion properties of the coated specimens were improved because of the high hardness of ceramic coatings. MAO generates many micro-pores. During fatigue loading, the micropores act as notches to cause stress concentration, which can decrease the fatigue life of substrate material.

Durable photocatalytic membrane of PAN/TiO2/CNT for methylene blue removal through a cross-flow membrane reactor

ABSTRACT PAN/TiO2/CNT and PAN/TiO2/CNT-PVA composite nanofibrous membranes with photocatalytic activity were successfully synthesized using electrospinning. The effect of CNT concentration and PVA coating on the membrane surface toward the membrane performances was investigated. TiO2 anatase phase was exist on the respective membranes. SEM morphological investigation revealed the random orientation of the nanofibers with beads decorated in each strand. The PAN/TiO2/CNT composite nanofiber membrane exhibited high performance for the removal of cationic organic dye methylene blue (MB) in a cross-flow photocatalytic membrane reactor under low power visible light of LED lamp (14.5 W) and a constant pollutant flow rate of 0.21 L/min. The presence of TiO2/CNT photocatalyst was proven to prolong the lifetime of the photocatalytic membrane and retard membrane fouling to the maximum extent. PAN/TiO2/CNT membrane has displayed 100% MB rejection for the first 8 h of operation. Both, PAN/TiO2/CNT and PAN/TiO2/CNT-PVA maintained their membrane performances and did not show major flux decline even after five recycling uses. The incorporation of TiO2/CNTs on PAN nanofibers has resulted in a durable photocatalytic membrane for the effective removal of dye waste using a cross-flow membrane reactor.

Effect of Vacuum-Sealed Annealing and Ice-Water Quenching on the Structure and Photocatalytic Acetone Oxidations of Nano-TiO2 Materials.

In the current research, P25 TiO2 materials sealed in quartz vacuum tubes were subject to annealing and ice-water post-quenching, with the effects on TiO2 structures, morphology, and photocatalytic activity being studied. It is shown that the vacuum-sealed annealing can lead to a decrease in the crystallinity and temperature of anatase-to-rutile phase transition. A disorder layer is formed over TiO2 nanoparticles, and the TiO2 lattices are distorted between the disorder layer and crystalline core. The ice-water post-quenching almost has no effect on the crystalline structure and morphology of TiO2. It can be seen that the vacuum-sealed annealing can generate more defects, and the electrons are mainly localized at lattice Ti sites, as well as the percentage of bulk oxygen defects is also increased. Although further ice-water post-quenching can introduce more defects in TiO2, it does not affect the electron localization and defect distribution. The vacuum-sealed annealing process can increase the photocatalytic acetone oxidations of the anatase phase TiO2 to some extent, possibly because of the defect generation and Ti3+ site formation; the further ice-water quenching leads to a decrease in the photocatalytic activity because more defects are introduced.

Influence of NaBr on structural studies of PVA/TiO2 polymer composites

PVA-TiO2-NaBr (PVATN) polymer composites were synthesized using solution casting technique. XRD, optical absorption, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy techniques were being used to evaluate the impact of TiO2/NaBr on PVATN polymer samples. XRD spectra have been used to examine the modification of semi-crystalline phase of PVATN polymers with regard to TiO2/NaBr weight % and TiO2 anatase phase. With the composition, the optical absorption spectra of PVATN polymer samples indicated a blue shift in the absorption edges. At the cost of TiO2, NaBr was employed to increase the indirect optical band gap measurements. Urbach energy and refractive index values were assessed and discussed in depth using optical data. The FTIR spectra of several functional groups of PVA/TiO2 were examined. The Raman spectra revealed the existence of C-C stretch, C-O stretch, O-H bend, and C-H bend vibrations, as well as O-Ti-O bend vibrations.