Analysis Of Possible Solutions Research Articles

Права на результаты интеллектуальной деятельности, созданные с использованием искусственного интеллекта

The widespread use of neurotechnology and artificial intelligence technology in all spheres of our life has led to the emergence of new problems for civil law. Among them, the problem of determining the legal regime of intellectual property objects created with the help of these end-to-end digital technologies is of particular relevance. First of all, it is necessary to determine whether they protect such works, and if so, who is their copyright holder. The authors devote it to the analysis of possible solutions to the problem of granting protection to intellectual property objects created by neural networks and substantiating the author’s position on the possibility of forming a new exclusive right to such objects. The authors come to the conclusion that it is impossible and unnecessary to qualify artificial intelligence as a subject of law and the author of the created works and propose a new legal structure for the initial emergence of the exclusive right to objects created by neural networks from the subject using this technology, since it is its activity aimed at the operation of a device or software based on artificial intelligence that leads to the emergence of a new original result.

A Critical Analysis of Problems of Higher Education In Pakistan: An Analysis of Possible Solutions

It is the basic criteria to address the importance of skill development & training in higher education, partly due to the increased focus on outcome assessment in academic programs for undergraduate programs at university of Sindh as data analyzed for 2021,2022 and 2023. Final Assessments When creating curriculum and evaluating their effectiveness promotes the focus of "ideal" or better values and skills of the higher education graduates. To put it over simplicity, the knowledge and skills that students are often expected to possess upon finishing their education are the main emphasis of outcome assessment. Any nation's political, social, and economic progress is based on its higher educational system. The country can accomplish its objectives when it has a functioning educational system. Being a developing nation, Pakistan has struggled with education from its founding, which has prevented the educational system from meeting the needs of the people. This scenario can be attributed to multiple sources. This research examines a few of the major issues that Pakistan's educational system has been beset with thus far. Based on a critical analysis of existing literature, the study offers answers to the current issues facing Pakistan's education system. The higher education graduates have traditionally been characterized as a terminal degree for professionals in the public and nonprofit sectors, with an emphasis on the professional values, practical knowledge, and skills requirement to thrive in public and nonprofit organizations and address the needs and interests of democratic societies.

IMPROVING THE PROCESSES OF ENSURING THE AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT BY CREATING A HIGH-SPEED HETEROGENEOUS INFORMATION SYSTEM

The problem of forming the appearance of a high-speed heterogeneous information system for monitoring airworthiness during the operation of aviation equipment is considered. A mixed-integer model has been formed for forming the optimal data transmission path for verifying the authenticity of airway components, where integer variables determine the set of external systems from where and where data is transmitted, a set of data warehouses and connections between them, and continuous variables – characteristics of data transfer rates by web services and bandwidth of data transmission channels. The criterion for choosing the optimal solution is proposed – the time of data transfer between external data source systems and external data consumer systems, taking into account data warehouses. An algorithm for optimizing the structure and parameters of a heterogeneous information system has been developed, which ensures the organization of information interaction between heterogeneous data sources/consumers in a minimum time. It is shown that the problem under consideration relates to difficult combinatorial optimization problems, that is, there is no polynomial algorithm for solving it in a reasonable time. However, taking into account the specifics of the task, in some cases, allows you to build calculation schemes that provide sufficient accuracy of the solution and an acceptable time. After conducting a brief analysis of possible solutions, including Dijkstra, Johnson, Floyd – Warshall, the authors implemented computational procedures based on the Bellman – Ford method, the main advantages of which are the possibility of obtaining an accurate solution, no restrictions when working with negative edges of the network graph, low value of the algorithm execution time. The results of calculations are presented and the possibility of reducing the data transfer time by 20,2 % is shown by choosing the optimal connections between data sources and consumers, taking into account the data formats of the sources used and the compatibility of web services providing their processing.

POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF PROVIDING IMPORTED EQUIPMENT OF BREWERIES IN RUSSIA WITH SPARE PARTS AND COMPONENTS

In the context of Western sanctions pressure and current bans on the import of machinery and components in the Russian brewing industry, a problem arose with the supply of new production equipment, original spare parts and components, industrial service on imported equipment, which is largely equipped with large and medium-sized enterprises, due to the inability to find suppliers of the required original spare parts in Russia, components and materials. The article provides an express analysis of possible solutions to this problem in order to determine the strategy of survival or development of the enterprise. The methodological basis is the traditional methods of technical, economic and logical analysis, systematization and ranking. The advantages and disadvantages of three options are considered: import substitution of the brewery's fixed assets by gradually replacing imported units, semi-automatic and automatic lines with domestic analogues with financial support from regional governments; parallel import of spare parts and components, supported by the restoration of worn-out parts of technological equipment of breweries using the services of specialized reverse engineering firms; organization of a specialized company as part of the Rosspetsmash Association, carrying out reverse-engineering, manufacturing of spare parts and assemblies for imported equipment of all breweries in the industry and industrial service of imported equipment based on a specific repair specialization. Based on the express analysis, it was suggested that the choice of a survival or development strategy for a particular plant depends on the condition of the equipment, the availability of an enterprise development strategy, the availability of its own finances and the support of state authorities.

Analysis of Possible Solutions of Some Inverse Dynamical Problem with Regard for Constraint Stabilization

Analysis of Possible Solutions of Some Inverse Dynamical Problem with Regard for Constraint Stabilization

Ethnic Kurdistan in the context of 21st century Geopolitics

This article is devoted to the study of the Kurdish issue from the perspective of its development prospects in the geopolitical aspect. The material contains the author's analysis of possible solutions to the Kurdish issue from the perspective of different states and supranational blocs, as well as factors that contribute to and hinder the resolution of the Kurdish issue in the foreseeable future. The material contains information about what factors influence the positions of the largest regional and international players on the analyzed issue. The creation of a Kurdish state seems unlikely; the alternative is, at a maximum, granting Kurdish communities maximum autonomy, at a minimum, changing their legal status in countries, primarily in Turkey, where their position is most vulnerable. The constant deterioration of the situation of the Kurds and their exclusion from the legal agenda in Turkey is called a possible cause of the civil war. The Kurdish issue cannot be resolved militarily, and possible solutions are individual for all affected countries, which, however, themselves suffer from internal crises (Syria, Iraq), and Iran, which lives under Sharia law, also suffers from sanctions pressure. In addition, there is no unity within the Kurdish communities themselves, which further complicates the political struggle. At the moment it is possible to distinguish long-term and short-term prospects for resolving the Kurdish issue, both from the position of the people themselves and other interested actors. The authors also analyze the complicating circumstances, which include the interest of external actors (such as the United States and NATO as a whole) to use the Kurds to solve their own geopolitical problems in the region; internal contradictions among the Kurdish leaders themselves, which does not allow reaching a consensus on a number of organizational issues, and a difficult economic situation.

Ethics as part of mathematical reasoning in sharing

There is a greater need in today‘s society, to understand and critically discuss how the limited resources of our planet are allocated. Often, mathematical models are used in connection with resource allocation problems, and a common view is that mathematics in itself is neutral. In this article, we challenge this view of mathematics as a neutral practice through an analysis of possible solutions to a sharing task. The tasks come from a research project aiming to study how mathematics can support ethical reasoning and ethical arguments can support different mathematical solutions when sharing a resource. In ethical reasoning, three components are addressed: Information, Coherence, and Engagement. We show that ethical reasoning is part of mathematical reasoning in all the solutions to the task, independent of whether the dividend is treated as indivisible or divisible.

Recent Advances in Limiting Fatigue Damage Accumulation Induced by Self-Heating in Polymer-Matrix Composites.

The self-heating effect can be considered as a catastrophic phenomenon that occurs in polymers and polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) subjected to fatigue loading or vibrations. This phenomenon appears in the form of temperature growth in such structures due to their relatively low thermal conductivities. The appearance of thermal stress resulting from temperature growth and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between fibers and neighboring polymer matrix initiates and/or accelerates structural degradation and consequently provokes sudden fatigue failure in the structures. Therefore, it is of primary significance for a number of practical applications to first characterize the degradation mechanism at the nano-, micro- and macroscales caused by the self-heating phenomenon and then minimize it through the implementation of numerous approaches. One viable solution is to cool the surfaces of considered structures using various cooling scenarios, such as environmental and operational factors, linked with convection, contributing to enhancing heat removal through convection. Furthermore, if materials are appropriately selected regarding their thermomechanical properties involving thermal conductivity, structural degradation may be prevented or at least minimized. This article presents a benchmarking survey of the conducted research studies associated with the fatigue performance of cyclically loaded PMC structures and an analysis of possible solutions to avoid structural degradation caused by the self-heating effect.

Installation’s Conception in the Field of Renewable Energy Sources for the Needs of the Silesian Botanical Garden

This study presents the specificity of the Silesian Botanical Garden (SBG) and its importance in protecting biodiversity in the Silesia area in Poland. Due to the special socio-ecological nature of the SBG and the request of the Garden’s Director, various types of renewable energy sources (RESs) installations were considered. These installations were intended to fulfill an educational function for society and meet the energy demands of the SBG. The concepts of on-grid and off-grid, including wind turbine, a system of photovoltaic panels (PVPs), and pumped storage hydropower plant (PSHP), were taken into account in the geoengineering analysis. The guidelines of the RESs device manufacturers do not consider complex soil–water conditions, the value of the loading forces (including influences from wind, temperature, snow, and soil pressure) related to a specific location (e.g., insolation), etc. The preliminary analysis of possible solutions showed that the energy from renewable energy sources meets the demands of the Garden on an annual cycle. In addition, the proposed conceptions take into account the specificity of the Silesian Botanical Garden (for example, a set of photovoltaic panels looks like a solar tree) and interfere with the landscape and ecosystem as little as possible. The selection of specific devices and materials and the accurate design of the proposed solutions may take place in a larger group of specialists in the field of geotechnics, mechanics, energetics, electricity, aerodynamics, etc., after obtaining financing by the SBG authorities.

Calculation of storm fuel supply of a seagoing vessel: solving professionally-oriented tasks using cloud services

The information and communicative competency today is an integral part of professional training in any sphere. Due to the fact that nowadays big amount of work is done or monitored in the remote mode the requirement is stipulated for every specialist to be able to use digital technologies professionally. For a future seafarer it means, first of all, the ability to use modern technologies as the information and data resource and also it presupposes the ability to work with software libraries, to create data bases, to perform necessary calculations by means of cloud services inclusive. This component is of extreme practical importance as it enables the satisfaction of the social mandate to prepare future seafarers for the living in the information environment. The task is quite challenging so it requires the adequate knowledge level. That is why the main objective of the course “Information technologies” together with other subjects within the curriculum for the professional training in maritime academy is to develop the reliable scientific and methodological grounds for the realization of any professionally related tasks of future merchant feet officers. Specially selected tasks acquaint cadets with information technology in terms of implementing the solution of applied professionally oriented tasks, such as navigating the course, determining the location of the vessel, calculating stocks for the trip, etc. Therefore, the obligatory elements of the tasks are: construction of mathematical (computer) models;analysis of possible solutions to the problem; of technological processes, taking into account all factors influencing the process and methods of decision-making;implementation of mathematical models of problems in spreadsheets. This article proposes a strategy for solving an applied problem using an information-modeling approach to the analysis and evaluation of the technological process, namely, the algorithm for calculating the required voyage and storm fuel reserves of a marine vessel. Both office spreadsheets and cloud services were used to implement the mathematical model for solving this problem. The use of “cloud computing” technologies in the training of seafarers is due to the fact that, firstly, while on board, the master or ship mechanic can perform some components of their work, especially joint projects, in modern services, and secondly, these technologies, supporting traditional forms of education, is a new stage in the development of education and a cost-effective, efficient and flexible way to meet the needs of students in acquiring new knowledge.

Techno-economic analysis and energy forecasting study of domestic and commercial photovoltaic system installations in Estonia

The Baltic countries have good potential for solar photovoltaic (PV) energy generation, as on average 15 hours of sunlight is available in summer. Another potential option is to encourage the construction of nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEBs) according to the EU framework. This study focuses on solar irradiance and energy generation potential in different regions of Estonia as a case study. Techno-economic analysis of possible solutions to use differently rated domestic and commercial PV systems’ feasibility and payback periods are presented. The results illustrate that all PV systems studied in the research are self-sufficient while selling excess energy to the grid with a nominal payback period. Furthermore, for short-term energy management, we developed an efficient deep learning-based forecasting algorithm. Apart from the inherent non-linear nature of solar energy data, what makes forecasting particularly challenging is to efficiently cope with the issue of data regression and random noise. The RNN-LSTM algorithm is chosen for the prediction of solar energy. This is the first comprehensive report that can encourage potential Estonian users to invest in solar PV systems and gain economic benefits. The results presented in this study cover a broader perspective and are more useful keeping in mind the real market situation of the Baltic countries.

Zastrieľanie a opravovanie účinnej streľby delostrelectva v súlade so štandardami NATO v podmienkach OS SR - určovanie pravouhlých opráv pozorovateľom

In order to provide timely, effective and safe fire support for manoeuvreIn order to provide timely, effective and safe fire support for manoeuvreunits, NATO member states agreed to use common procedures whenprocessing fire missions in multi-national operations. The aim of this articleis to identify differences in the procedures for adjustment of artillery fire inaccordance with the national procedures used in the Armed Forces of theSlovak Republic and the procedures set out in NATO standardizationagreements. After identifying differences in those procedures to conductcomparative and creative analysis of possible solutions to adjust nationalprocedures to comply with accepted NATO standards and suggest mostsuitable ones.

Permeable Conductors for Wearable and On‐Skin Electronics

The booming development of wearable and on‐skin electronics has driven increased interest in flexible and stretchable conductors, which serve as the indispensable building blocks for these electronic devices. However, conductors for such soft electronics are mostly fabricated with impermeable elastic thin films, which not only affect the long‐term wearing comfort but also limit the device's multifunctionality. In recent years, permeable conductors, conducting materials that are fabricated based on breathable materials and structures with deformability, have shown great promise for applications in wearable and skin‐mountable electronics. Herein, a specific perspective on the development of permeable conductors that can simultaneously display conductivity, flexibility or stretchability, and permeability to air, moisture, and liquid is provided. Key design considerations of permeable conductors, as well as the state‐of‐the‐art strategies to endow flexible and stretchable conductors with permeability, are discussed. Finally, key challenges and future directions of permeable conductors and electronic devices are discussed along with the analysis of possible solutions.

Software Solution for Modeling, Sizing, and Allocation of Active Power Filters in Distribution Networks

The paper is related to the problem of modeling and optimizing power systems supplying, among others, nonlinear loads. A software solution that allows the modeling and simulation of power systems in the frequency domain as well as the sizing and allocation of active power filters has been developed and presented. The basic assumptions for the software development followed by the models of power system components and the optimization assumptions have been described in the paper. On the basis of an example of a low-voltage network, an analysis of the selection of the number and allocation of active power filters was carried out in terms of minimizing losses and investment costs under the assumed conditions for voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) coefficients in the network nodes. The presented examples show that the appropriate software allows for an in-depth analysis of possible solutions and, furthermore, the selection of the optimal one for a specific case, depending on the adopted limitations, expected effects, and investment costs. In addition, a very high computational efficiency of the adopted approach to modeling and simulation has been demonstrated, despite the use of (i) element models for which parameters depend on the operating point (named iterative elements), (ii) active filter models taking into account real harmonics reduction efficiency and power losses, and (iii) a brute force algorithm for optimization.

Textile Composite Electrodes for Flexible Batteries and Supercapacitors: Opportunities and Challenges

AbstractThe ever‐growing demand for portable and wearable electronics has driven increased interest in flexible lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors (SCs). However, endowing conventional LIBs and SCs with good flexibility and high energy density is challenging, as metal foils and rigid electrodes are easily fractured during flexing. In recent years, textile composite electrodes (TCEs), electrodes coated onto or grown on conductive textile current collectors have shown great promise for application in flexible, high‐capacity/capacitance, and long‐cycle‐life textile‐based electrochemical energy storage devices (TEESDs). This Essay summarizes the advantages of TCEs compared to conventional metal‐foil‐supported electrodes (MFEs) and discusses the integration of TCEs into TEESDs as flexible LIBs and SCs for wearable applications. Finally, the challenges associated with TCEs and TEESDs are discussed alongside an analysis of possible solutions.

Formation the Parametric Model of an Operational Status Transport Interchanges System

The article is devoted to the analysis of possible solutions to traffic congestion, which have become an integral part of the modern space of the cities and regions population vital activity, especially near houses and shopping complexes. It is impossible to characterize the modern transport system without mentioning errors when planning the organization of traffic, as well as in the design and construction of transport hubs. Attempts to solve the problem of traffic congestion have been made repeatedly in various countries of the world, but all of them were of a differentiated nature and national specificity. Many researchers believe that in order to level transport problems, it is necessary to build new road junctions and separate traffic flows. However, according to the authors, the most suitable, in particular, for our country, can be a comprehensive approach to solving these problems. This approach involves the creation of a parametric model of forming an indicators system for assessing the operational state of road interchanges in the living environment formation conditions. This system allows taking into account the integral impact of technological, economic, environmental and social factors that affect the efficiency of transport interchanges.

Physical features of reducing air pollution for the operating conditions of the drying drum of brick factories

The article is devoted to the study of the process of reducing air pollution in relation to the operating conditions of the drying drum of brick factories. The objectives of the work were to study and identify the physical characteristics of the process of reducing air pollution for the operating conditions of the drying drum of brick factories, for its subsequent effective implementation with the help of engineering systems. A block diagram is suggested of the physical model of the process of reducing air pollution for the considered production and technological conditions, revealing the relationship of a set of consistently and purposefully implemented stages of the cycle of dusting, using physical and energy concept as the theoretical basis. As a result of the study of the process of reducing air pollution, in relation to the operating conditions of the drying drum of brick factories operation, based on the analysis of possible solutions of the problem of dusting, physical features of the process of reducing air pollution for these production and technological conditions were identified for its subsequent effective implementation by means of engineering systems.

Platform business models

This article presents the results of comparative analysis of platform business models based on a unique typology of platforms and proposed parameters of business models. It was concluded that in order to describe a platform business model, it is possible to use a series of parameters specific to business models of traditional non-platform companies, extending their contents. However, the specific character of platforms requires setting/introducing a new business model parameter, which will reflect an innovative component, and detailed analysis of possible solutions to a dilemma of monetization of value created by platforms without destroying the network effect.

FEATURES OF PROCESSING OF SPECIAL SITUATIONS IN HIGH SPEED RECEIVERS OF SERIAL CHANNELS

The review and comparison of the ways of handling special situations, occurring at the input of high-speed signal receivers from serial communication lines, is presented. Particular attention is paid to the situation when the amplitude of the input signal is below a predetermined threshold and the problem of early detection and indication of this situation at the physical level (in the interface part of the receiver) is solved. The handling of special situations is provided in popular serial transmission standards, but its practical implementation for high-speed transceivers at the physical level is difficult due to the lack of ready-made solutions that take into account the entire set of requirements for the special situations processing subsystem. Proceeding from the formulated requirements, the analysis of possible solutions is justified and the structure of the special block for detecting a special situation of this type that produces the appropriate signal in real time is justified. The proposed special situation detection unit is an auxiliary range comparator that operates in parallel with the comparator in the main channel, does not affect the duty cycle of the signals in this channel and is built on the basis of asymmetric differential stages in the composition of two modified comparators. It is shown that such a solution, in combination with the envelope detector at the output of the auxiliary channel, makes it possible to provide stable thresholds for the operation of the receiver and the generation of a correct (non-destructive) signal indicative of the occurrence of a special situation.The results of modeling such a block in the CML receiver made using 90 nm CMOS technology and operating at a speed of not less than 3 Gbit/s are presented.

TRANSPORT PROBLEM: ANALYSIS, PROSPECTS AND PROPOSALS

The article is devoted to the analysis of possible solutions of traffic jams, which have become an integral part of modern society. Modern transport system has many problems that are both complex and global in nature, and cannot meet sufficiently the needs of the people. The reasons lie in the imperfect organization of traffic, various kinds of miscalculations in the design and construction of roads and transport interchanges. Attempts to solve the problem of traffic jams have been made repeatedly, in different countries of the world, many researchers believe that their solution is enough to build new road junctions and the separation of traffic flows. However, according to the authors, the most acceptable, in particular, for our country, may be the ERP system, which is used in Singapore. This system involves the collection of fare: the more loaded the road, the higher the fee waiting for the traffic participant, and Vice versa, in the case of “empty" road fee will not be charged. This and other systems to cope with the transport problem are analyzed in this article.