Initial Analysis Research Articles

Abstract 7065: AMBRA1 coordinates mitochondrial function to regulate cancer stemness and tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive cancer, with emerging evidence highlighting the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in its progression. AMBRA1 has been implicated to exert both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive roles through regulating cell cycle and mitophagy in various solid tumors. However, the functional roles of AMBRA1 in modulating cancer stemness and tumorigenesis in HCC remain elusive. Initial analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data revealed a significant inverse correlation between AMBRA1 expression and stemness indices (TSS) in HCC patients, with low AMBRA1 levels associated with an upregulated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) gene signature. To elucidate the functional consequences of AMBRA1 modulation in liver tumor development and stemness maintenance, we exploited both hydrodynamic mouse models and human HCC cell lines. Our findings indicate that hepatic AMBRA1 deletion enhances cancer stemness and tumorigenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, HCC cells with reduced AMBRA1 expression demonstrated heightened mitochondrial activity, characterized by increased oxygen consumption, respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular ATP levels. Apart from OXPHOS, we also observed a concomitant up-regulation and enrichment of MYC targets in TSS-high and AMBRA1-low HCC patients, pointing towards a deregulated c-MYC signaling to promote cancer stemness under AMBRA1 regulation in HCC. Collectively, our results demonstrate that AMBRA1 loss enhances mitochondrial function to support hepatic tumorigenesis in HCC. Citation Format: Yan Liu, Yunong Xie, Yimiao He, Stephanie Ma, Man Tong. AMBRA1 coordinates mitochondrial function to regulate cancer stemness and tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7065.

Reviewing the Landscape of Cancer Survivorship: Insights from Dr. Lidia Schapira's Programs and Beyond.

The constantly escalating population of cancer survivors worldwide has prompted a focused exploration of their unique needs and experiences within the context of healthcare medicine. This review initiates its analysis inspired by Dr. Lidia Schapira's insightful keynote conference on the Survivorship 1.0 and Survivorship 2.0 Programs, shedding light on their implementation challenges and setting the stage for a comprehensive analysis of cancer survivorship initiatives. Within the transformed landscape of cancer care, patient-centric strategies embedded in cancer survivorship programs comprising vital elements such as connection, support, and education are presented. While placing cancer recurrence surveillance at the forefront, the review underlines concern regarding the potential oversight of the enduring impact on mental and physical health. Dr. Schapira's insights further extend into the exploration of mental health challenges faced by survivors, promoting an examination of diverse strategies to address these concerns. Furthermore, the discussion continues toward promising areas of research, notably Precision Medicine's role in de-escalating cancer therapies, and advocates for measures such as early cancer awareness and timely referrals to supportive services. Highlighting the significance of education, the role of online resources in enhancing the knowledge of healthcare practitioners and future generations in cancer care is then explored. The paper concludes by presenting some of the most prominent global current survivorship programs, identifying critical knowledge gaps in cancer care and projecting future developments aimed at delivering accurate and holistic care, improving the quality of life for survivors, and enhancing both mental and physical well-being. Drawing upon the insights from Dr. Schapira, this review lays the groundwork for a nuanced exploration of cancer survivorship and its multifaceted implications.

Enhanced accuracy and reduced delay in diagnosing bone tumors within an expert sarcoma network: A nationwide study

IntroductionPrimary bone tumors encompass a range of rare and diverse lesions. Pathological diagnosis poses significant challenges, with histological discrepancies extensively studied in soft tissue sarcomas but lacking specific investigation in bone lesions. This study aimed to determine the rate of major diagnostic discrepancies in primary bone tumors, assessing whether initial histological analysis within an expert referral center network reduces this rate and final diagnostic delay. Additionally, we examined the impact of mandatory systematic re-reading by expert pathologists on diagnostic variation and readjustment. MethodsOur study cohort comprised patients with primary bone tumors, drawn from the national prospective French sarcoma network database. A total of 1075 patients were included from 2018 to 2019. ResultsThe cohort exhibited a major discrepancy rate of 24%. Within the expert referral centers network, 49 cases (7%) showed major diagnostic discrepancies in the initial analysis, compared to 207 cases (57%) outside the network (p < 0.001). Regarding the final diagnostic delay, a mean of 2.8 weeks (±4.9) was observed within the network, contrasting with 6.5 weeks (±9.1) outside the network (p < 0.001). Systematic re-reading by an expert pathologist facilitated diagnosis readjustment in 75% of the 256 cases, with 68% of all diagnostic variations occurring preoperatively. ConclusionEarly management within the expert network significantly reduced major diagnostic discrepancies and shortened the diagnosis delay by approximately a month. Expert pathologist systematic re-readings were responsible for diagnosis readjustments in three-quarters of cases, with two-thirds of all diagnostic variations occurring preoperatively, thereby mitigating the consequences of mistreatment.

Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Maternal and Child Health Services: A Comprehensive Analysis of Government Initiatives in Northern India.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare services globally, with particular challenges observed in maternal and child health (MCH) care. This study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on MCH services in northern India, focusing on key government programs. Data were collected from four major MCH programs in India: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK), Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA), and the Universal Immunization Program (UIP). The study compared MCH service utilization and outcomes during the pandemic period (March-September 2020) with the same period in 2019. Preliminary findings indicated a significant reduction in the utilization of MCH services during the pandemic, with a decrease observed in institutional deliveries, antenatal care visits, and immunization coverage. For instance, institutional deliveries declined by 30% compared with the previous year, with a similar decrease observed in antenatal care visits. Immunization coverage also decreased by approximately 25%, indicating a substantial decline in preventive care services. Challenges in accessing essential treatments for sick infants have also been reported, with a 40% decrease in the utilization of free treatment services under the JSSK program. The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted MCH services in northern India, highlighting the vulnerability of these essential health programs during public health emergencies. Addressing the challenges identified in this study is crucial to ensuring the continuity and resilience of MCH services in similar settings.

Addressing the Challenge: A Review of Effective Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity in India.

Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern in India, with rising prevalence rates and associated health risks. This review examines effective prevention strategies for addressing this issue. Through a comprehensive analysis of research findings, policy initiatives, and community-based interventions, the review identifies critical components of successful prevention efforts. These include multi-sectoral collaborations, tailored interventions addressing socioeconomic and cultural factors, and the involvement of families and healthcare professionals. The importance of addressing childhood obesity in India is underscored, given its significant impact on health outcomes, healthcare costs, and quality of life. The review concludes with a call to action for stakeholders and policymakers to prioritise prevention efforts, allocate resources, and implement evidence-based interventions to combat childhood obesity effectively. By working together, India can mitigate the adverse effects of childhood obesity and promote a healthier future for its children.

A Study of Corporate Social Responsibility: Infosys Limited

This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of corporate social responsibility initiatives undertaken by Infosys Limited using a secondary data-oriented approach. It draws on a broad range of sources, such as corporate reports, media reports, and academic literature, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the scope and impact of the company's CSR efforts. The purpose of this secondary data analysis is to identify the primary themes, tactics, and results of Infosys Ltd's CSR activities. By examining the company's dedication to ethical practices, ecological sustainability, and social engagement, the research provides insight into the wider implications of Infosys' CSR activities. The findings of this paper contribute to a more nuanced comprehension of Infosys's CSR practices and their impact on the company and the broader business community.

They Like to Do It in Public: A Quantitative Analysis of Culture-Led Regeneration Projects in ITALY

This paper presents and discusses a quantitative analysis of culture-led urban regeneration initiatives in Italy. It draws on a database of projects built using the filter of the national funding schemes launched between 2012 and 2018. The main objective of the research is to build an overview of the phenomenon of culture-based urban regeneration in Italy, recognizing common trends and recurring dynamics. The projects in the database are analyzed quantitatively on the basis of 28 attributes, taking into consideration different aspects such as the projects’ localization, the typology, dimension and ownership of the spatial assets mobilized, the relationship with public policies, and the scale of actors and networks involved in the projects. The findings show that culture-led regeneration initiatives “like to do it in public”; namely, to achieve their objectives—to “do culture”—they seek to connect with the public sector to receive forms of economic, material, and organizational support, such as public spaces in which to host their activities. Therefore, the interaction with the public administration is interpreted as the sine qua non condition for the success of culture-led urban regeneration initiatives and to ensure that these are able to generate strong and durable impacts on the revitalization and regeneration of distressed urban neighborhoods.

Light-Induced Charge Separation in Covalently Linked BODIPY-Quinone-Alkyne Dyads.

Visible light-induced charge separation and directional charge transfer are cornerstones for artificial photosynthesis and the generation of solar fuels. Here, we report synthetic access to a series of noble metal-free donor-acceptor dyads based on bodipy light-absorbers and redox-active quinone/anthraquinone charge storage sites. Peripheral functionalization of the quinone/anthraquinone units with alkynes primes the dyads for integration into a range of light-harvesting systems, e. g., by Cu-catalyzed cycloadditions (CLICK chemistry) or Pd-catalyzed C-C cross-coupling reactions. Initial photophysical, electrochemical and theoretical analyses reveal the principal processes during the light-induced charge separation in the reported dyads.

The Children and Young People's Books Lexicon (CYP-LEX): A large-scale lexical database of books read by children and young people in the United Kingdom.

This article introduces the Children and Young People's Books-Lexicon (CYP-LEX), a large-scale lexical database derived from books popular with children and young people in the United Kingdom. CYP-LEX includes 1,200 books evenly distributed across three age bands (7-9, 10-12, 13+) and comprises over 70 million tokens and over 105,000 types. For each word in each age band, we provide its raw and Zipf-transformed frequencies, all parts-of-speech in which it occurs with raw frequency and lemma for each occurrence, and measures of count-based contextual diversity. Together and individually, the three CYP-LEX age bands contain substantially more words than any other publicly available database of books for primary and secondary school children. Most of these words are very low in frequency, and a substantial proportion of the words in each age band do not occur on British television. Although the three age bands share some very frequent words, they differ substantially regarding words that occur less frequently, and this pattern also holds at the level of individual books. Initial analyses of CYP-LEX illustrate why independent reading constitutes a challenge for children and young people, and they also underscore the importance of reading widely for the development of reading expertise. Overall, CYP-LEX provides unprecedented information into the nature of vocabulary in books that British children aged 7+ read, and is a highly valuable resource for those studying reading and language development.

A Study on Social Responsibility with Reference to ISHA Foundation

This project is a comprehensive analysis of the social responsibility initiatives of Isha Foundation, a non-profit spiritual organisation. The paper provides a detailed overview of Isha Foundation’s approach to social responsibility, including Project GreenHands, Action for Rural Rejuvenation, Isha Vidhya, Rally for Rivers, Cauvery Calling and Save Soil initiatives. The analysis draws on relevant frameworks to explain how Isha Foundation social responsibility initiatives are guided by the Triple Bottom Line, the Stakeholder Theory, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The project concludes with a discussion of the impact of Isha Foundation’s social responsibility initiatives on the company’s brand and on society at large. Keywords à Corporate Social Responsibility, Isha Foundation, Isha Yoga, Project GreenHands, Save Soil, Isha Vidya, Rally for Rivers

Beyond ethics: How perceived organizational support amplifies the impact of ethical HRM on employee commitment and performance

This study explores the dynamic relationship between ethical human resources management (HRM) strategies, the level of commitment an employee feels towards their organization, and their job performance, paying particular attention to how employees’ perceptions of the support they receive from their organization can influence these interactions, especially during challenging times. Drawing on a sample of full-time non-executive Indonesian employees, the research employs descriptive statistics for initial data analysis, followed by structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses rigorously. The investigation reveals a positive relationship between ethical HRM and employee performance (EP) and organizational commitment (OC). Additionally, OC emerges as a pivotal mediator in the ethical HRM-EP link. Notably, employees’ organizational support perception (EOSP), often assumed to enhance positive organizational outcomes, displays a surprising negative moderating effect when combined with OC, suggesting a more intricate relationship than traditionally posited. These findings enhance our comprehension of how ethical HRM practices function in times of crisis, questioning conventional beliefs regarding the influence of organizational support. The study’s methodological approach, combining descriptive and advanced statistical analyses, provides a robust framework for understanding these complex relationships. This research holds significant implications for HRM practices, particularly in crisis response and management, indicating a need for nuanced support strategies that reflect the complexity of employee-organization dynamics.

Closed-loop auditory stimulation of slow-wave sleep in chronic insomnia: a pilot study.

Insomnia is a prevalent and disabling condition whose treatment is not always effective. This pilot study explores the feasibility and effects of closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) as a potential non-invasive intervention to improve sleep, its subjective quality, and memory consolidation in patients with insomnia. A total of 27 patients with chronic insomnia underwent a crossover, sham-controlled study with 2 nights of either CLAS or sham stimulation. Polysomnography was used to record sleep parameters, while questionnaires and a word-pair memory task were administered to assess subjective sleep quality and memory consolidation. The initial analyses included 17 patients who completed the study, met the inclusion criteria, and received CLAS. From those, 10 (58%) received only a small number of stimuli. In the remaining seven (41%) patients with sufficient CLAS, we evaluated the acute and whole-night effect on sleep. CLAS led to a significant immediate increase in slow oscillation (0.5-1 Hz) amplitude and activity, and reduced delta (1-4 Hz) and sigma/sleep spindle (12-15 Hz) activity during slow-wave sleep across the whole night. All these fundamental sleep rhythms are implicated in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Yet, CLAS did not change sleep-dependent memory consolidation or sleep macrostructure characteristics, number of arousals, or subjective perception of sleep quality. Results showed CLAS to be feasible in patients with insomnia. However, a high variance in the efficacy of our automated stimulation approach suggests that further research is needed to optimise stimulation protocols to better unlock potential CLAS benefits for sleep structure and subjective sleep quality in such clinical settings.

Towards Climate Resilience: A Comprehensive Study on Eco-Friendly Alternatives for Single-Use Plastic Sheets in Somalia

This research critically examines the recent policy intervention by the Somali government, focusing on the prohibition of single-use plastic sheets. The primary aim is to safeguard the environment and enhance public safety, aligning with global efforts to address plastic pollution and promote sustainable practices. The government&amp;apos;s proactive approach urges manufacturers to explore alternative materials that prioritize community well-being and minimize environmental impact. This research, in response to the government&amp;apos;s call for action, seeks to contribute comprehensive strategies that complement existing efforts. One key facet of the proposed initiatives involves research and development to identify and promote eco-friendly substitutes for single-use plastic sheets. This includes investigating materials with minimal environmental impact throughout their lifecycle. By encouraging innovation in materials science, the study aims to support the government&amp;apos;s commitment to sustainable practices and reduce dependence on harmful substances. In addition to material innovation, the research emphasizes the importance of awareness campaigns to educate the public about the environmental and social implications of plastic usage. Community awareness is crucial for fostering a collective understanding of the need for change and garnering support for the government&amp;apos;s policies. This aspect of the study aims to develop targeted communication strategies to engage diverse segments of the population and promote a culture of responsible consumption. Furthermore, the research advocates for the implementation of recycling programs to manage existing plastic waste effectively. Developing robust waste management infrastructure is essential for ensuring that discarded plastic materials are recycled efficiently, reducing their impact on the environment. Recognizing the economic aspects of the transition, the research proposes incentives for businesses that adopt sustainable materials. These incentives can include financial support, tax breaks, or preferential treatment in government procurement processes. By aligning economic interests with ecological responsibility, the study aims to facilitate a smooth transition and encourage widespread adoption of sustainable practices. Through a comprehensive analysis of various initiatives, the research aims to provide actionable insights for policymakers. Recommendations will be formulated to guide the government in implementing effective measures that align with its commitment to environmental sustainability and the overall safety of the Somali population. In conclusion, this research aspires to contribute practical strategies for Somalia, balancing economic interests with ecological responsibility. By fostering a harmonious coexistence between human activities and the environment, the study aims to support the government&amp;apos;s vision of a resilient and sustainable future.

Working Paper 49: Dirty deals – Case studies on corruption in waste management and trade

Waste management is a huge industry at the local, national and international levels. Public services play a key role in dealing especially with waste generated by households. Getting waste management right is essential if we are to achieve a circular economy and the Sustainable Development Goals.&#x0D; Complex legal frameworks and their weak implementation open up spaces for criminals to profit from illegally managing or trading in waste. The consequences on the environment and human health can be severe. The role of corruption in crimes involving waste is unexplored.&#x0D; An initial analysis shows the potential for corruption to play a role in:&#x0D; &#x0D; influencing policy decisions involving waste management;&#x0D; corrupt deals involving the selection of waste management companies linked to powerful elites;&#x0D; schemes to gain lucrative waste management contracts through systematic bribery;&#x0D; illegal imports of hazardous substances for profit, avoiding or suppressing formal controls.&#x0D; &#x0D; The report explores five case studies (Albania, Lebanon, North Macedonia, Canada–Philippines, US–South America) and proposes a typology of corruption patterns in crimes involving waste management and trade.

Disaggregated defense spending: Introduction to data

Theoretical and empirical research on causes and consequences of defense spending is plentiful. Most of this research uses ‘top line’ defense spending data, either as a share of GDP or as a raw monetary figure. Empirical research has been limited, however, by the ‘blunt’ nature of this data, which does not help to explain what countries are spending on. We introduce a dataset that provides information on disaggregated defense spending from 35 NATO and EU members over as many as 51 years. We discuss the main features of this data in the paper, and the replication files will enable other scholars to automate accessing it in the future. In addition to automating the extraction of NATO and European Defence Agency data on overall military expenditures, we make data on equipment, personnel, operating, and infrastructure spending available in a single dataset. We illustrate the utility of the disaggregated defense spending dataset by replicating canonical and newer analyses using both the overall data and its disaggregated components. The findings differ depending on which type of spending is considered. We found that differences in the relationship between national wealth and defense spending depended on the category of spending considered, as did the tendency toward ‘free-riding’. These exercises shed new light on seminal theories on burden-sharing and the political economy of security. Our initial analysis suggests that disaggregating defense spending is likely to improve the analysis of old and emerging research questions of considerable policy importance, and points to several opportunities to do so.

Diversifying economic risks: Japan’s economic hedging toward China

Abstract International Relations has traditionally identified balancing and bandwagoning as the two predominant strategies adopted by states in response to a rising power that threatens the status quo. However, recent academic debates have highlighted the emergence of hedging as a middle-ground approach adopted by states facing a rising power with ambiguous intentions, particularly when the stakes are high. Economic hedging forms a critical element of this strategy, as it allows states to maximize economic benefits while minimizing the risks of dependency through trade and investment. We present an analytical framework based on Kuik’s model, which focuses on the concept of economic diversification in trade and investment. We test its validity through an analysis of the diversification initiatives of the Abe administration and our central argument is that Japan’s diversification efforts are aimed at reducing economic risks and avoiding excessive dependency in specific sectors through trade and investment with China.

The Impact of Financial Inclusion on the Association between Government Cash Transfers and Violence Against Women

This study employs a comprehensive and evidence-oriented analysis of public initiatives of financial benefits and economic empowerment of women with reference to their impact on violence against women (VAW) in the context of Pakistan. Microdata of survey on Economic and Social Wellbeing of Women in Punjab has been analyzed to underscore the aforementioned impact on women aged 15 to 64 years, both married and unmarried. Logit Probit models have been applied for arriving at empirical findings regarding impact of government financial benefits, marital status, household economic wealth status, education, gender of the household head, family size (number of children), area of residence, age, age square and female empowerment through providing them with employment on violence against women. Findings suggest that public initiatives of providing financial benefits to women for the purpose of enhancing their empowerment have empirical evidence with regard to mitigating violence against women in Pakistan. Public policy interventions for initiation of more research for provision of target based financial benefits to the women who are actually trapped in abusive relationships and social milieus are required to be prioritized in Pakistan. In addition to these research support initiatives, the government should link its budgetary allocations to the female entrepreneurship development and stipulate the departments with achievement of given targets for receiving further allocations. The results further suggest that effective planning and meticulous execution of government financial benefits programs designed especially for women play an established role in aggregation of uplifting their financially empowered status as well as decreasing their physical, emotional and sexual exploitation.

TOP2A modulates signaling via the AKT/mTOR pathway to promote ovarian cancer cell proliferation

ABSTRACT Ovarian cancer (OC) is a form of gynecological malignancy that is associated with worse patient outcomes than any other cancer of the female reproductive tract. Topoisomerase II α (TOP2A) is commonly regarded as an oncogene that is associated with malignant disease progression in a variety of cancers, its mechanistic functions in OC have yet to be firmly established. We explored the role of TOP2A in OC through online databases, clinical samples, in vitro and in vivo experiments. And initial analyses of public databases revealed high OC-related TOP2A expression in patient samples that was related to poorer prognosis. This was confirmed by clinical samples in which TOP2A expression was elevated in OC relative to healthy tissue. Kaplan-Meier analyses further suggested that higher TOP2A expression levels were correlated with worse prognosis in OC patients. In vitro, TOP2A knockdown resulted in the inhibition of OC cell proliferation, with cells entering G1 phase arrest and undergoing consequent apoptotic death. In rescue assays, TOP2A was confirmed to regulate cell proliferation and cell cycle through AKT/mTOR pathway activity. Mouse model experiments further affirmed the key role that TOP2A plays as a driver of OC cell proliferation. These data provide strong evidence supporting TOP2A as an oncogenic mediator and prognostic biomarker related to OC progression and poor outcomes. At the mechanistic level, TOP2A can control tumor cell growth via AKT/mTOR pathway modulation. These preliminary results provide a foundation for future research seeking to explore the utility of TOP2A inhibitor-based combination treatment regimens in platinum-resistant recurrent OC patients.

Who Are the Online Medication Shoppers? A Market Segmentation of the Swedish Welfare State

The present study aimed to explore the online shopping of medicines from demographic, geographic, psychographic, and behavioral factors. A quantitative survey design was used with a quote sample representing the Swedish population regarding age, gender, and residential area. In total, 1863 persons responded to a survey, including measures of age, gender, income, education, area of residence, personality traits (BFI-10), values (Rokeach Value Survey), self-estimated health-status, internet usage, online shopping in general, and online shopping of medicines. Firstly, the data were analyzed with chi-squares and independent t-tests. From these initial analyses, online shopping of medicines was associated with young age, female gender, high income and education, living in a big city, extraversion, several values of desirable end-states of existence (e.g., self-respect, a sense of accomplishment, and pleasure), internet usage, and general online shopping. Secondly, the significant (p &lt; 0.05) variables from the initial analysis were included in a logistic regression analysis. This comprehensive model showed that online medication shoppers are best predicted by being female and the use of internet. Unlike what was previously known about medication shoppers, the typical online medication shopper appears to be driven by hedonistic values and self-actualization, rather than health status. We suggest that further research replicate this study outside and inside Sweden, and that health status is measured in a different way.

Development of a nuanced approach to aggressive driving: An investigation into the self-regulatory and attitudinal profiles of aggressive drivers and their contextual role in negative road interactions

This study aimed to provide a novel perspective on aggressive driving behaviour (ADB) by developing a self-report measure of aggressive driving styles (the Aggressive Driving Styles Questionnaire; ADSQ) and comparing how different types of drivers (according to their attitudes and self-regulatory functioning) might differentially engage in such driving styles. An online survey was completed by a sample of Australian adult drivers (N = 527), who reported engaging in an ADB in the past month. An initial confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the proposed factor structure of instrumental, reactive, proactive and interpersonal driver aggression, was a good fit for the data, and reliability tests suggested that the ADSQ had good internal consistency (α = 0.73 - 0.91). Next, correlational analysis showed that the ADSQ had positive associations with (a) driver anger and rumination; (b) problematic attitudes towards instrumental and hostile aggressive driving; and (c) various domains (i.e., cognitive, attentional, emotional) of self-regulatory dysfunctioning. K-means cluster analysis was then used on the variables to determine potential profiles of ‘self-regulated’ drivers among the participants. The results suggested that three driver types significantly differed according to their attitudes and level of self-regulatory dysfunction: self-regulated drivers (high functioning; low attitudes), antisocial drivers (medium functioning; high attitudes), and dysregulated drivers (low functioning, high attitudes). These cluster groups were shown to significantly differ in their tendency to engage in aggressive driving styles and what behaviours they perceived as most triggering when driving on the road. The ADSQ and associated findings of this study provide a nuanced perspective on how ADBs can be approached, observed, and operationalised.