American Journal Research Articles

Female Authorship Is Driving Studies of Female Athletes: A Systematic Review.

Patient sex is known to affect patient outcomes in sports medicine. Historically, many studies on athletes have focused on male athletes and been generalized to female athletes. Studies with female first or senior authors will isolate female athletes as study participants more frequently than studies with male first or senior authors. Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocols, original research studies published between 2017 and 2021 that analyzed athletes were systematically screened from the 6 top sports medicine journals (British Journal of Sports Medicine; Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery; Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy; American Journal of Sports Medicine; Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine; Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach). Articles were included for analysis if they met the following criteria: (1) original sports medicine research study, (2) analysis involving athletes, and (3) inclusion of ≥10 participants. Exclusion criteria included (1) review articles of any type and (2) cadaveric studies. The determination of author sex was completed using the name-to-gender assignment algorithm Genderize.io (https://genderize.io/). A total of 1146 studies were included in quantitative analysis. There were 246 studies with a female first author (21.5%) and 191 studies with a female senior author (16.7%). When looking at all authors (first, senior, and intermediate), 19.9% were female. Female first authors were over 4 times more likely to isolate female athletes in clinical research than male first authors (17.5% vs 3.8%, respectively; P < .001). Female senior authors were approximately twice as likely to isolate female athletes compared with male senior authors (11.5% vs 5.8%, respectively; P < .001). Female first authors were significantly more likely to perform research isolating female athletes. While improving the frequency of female athlete research is multifactorial, increasing the number of female researchers may have a direct effect on improving gender equality in sports medicine research.

Scientific activism to protect the world's primates and their environments from extinction: Introduction to the special issue.

Nonhuman primates and their habitats are facing an impending extinction crisis. Approximately 69% of primate species are listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as threatened and 93% have declining populations. Human population growth (expected to reach 10.9 billion by the year 2100), the unsustainable demands of a small number of consumer nations for forest-risk commodities, deforestation and habitat conversion, the expansion of roads and rail networks, cattle ranching, the hunting and trapping of wild primate populations, and the potential spread of infectious diseases are among the primary drivers of primate population decline. Climate change will only exacerbate the current situation. The time to act to protect primate populations is now! In this special issue of the American Journal of Primatology, we present a series of commentaries, formulated as "Action Letters."These are designed to educate and inform primatologists, conservation biologists, wildlife ecologists, political leaders, and global citizens about the conservation challenges faced by particular primate taxa and particular world regions, and present examples of specific actions that one can take, individually and collectively, to promote the persistence of wild primate populations and environmental justice for local human populations and impacted ecological communities. As scientists, researchers, and educators, primatologists are in a unique position to lead local, national, and international efforts to protect biodiversity. In this special issue, we focus on primates of the Brazilian Amazon, lemurs of northeast Madagascar, Temminck's red colobus monkey (Piliocolobus badius temminckii), night monkeys (Aotus spp.), long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), the primate pet trade, and professional capacity building to foster conservation awareness and action. We encourage primatologists, regardless of their research focus, to engage in both advocacy and activism to protect wild primate populations worldwide.

CBT may be effective first‐line treatment for youth with anxiety

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may normalize activity in some parts of the brain that are overactive in youth with anxiety disorders, suggests a report in the American Journal of Psychiatry, according to an American Psychiatric Association (APA) News Alert. After three months of CBT, youth with anxiety showed reduced activity in frontal and parietal brain regions, which are areas known to be involved with attention and emotional regulation.

Global research trends in cutaneous neurofibromas: A bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2022.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common inherited disorder characterized by cutaneous neurofibromas and other features. It is still a challenge in managing inoperable patients and the complex nature of the disease. Bibliometric analyses for cutaneous neurofibromas (cNF) could offer insights into impactful research and collaborations, guiding future efforts to improve patient care and outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of the Web of Science Core Collection database for the period 2003-2022. Data processing and analysis were performed using bibliometric tools including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and "Bibliometrix" package. Our analysis assessed the publication or collaboration of countries, institutions, authors, and journals, as well as the co-citation and burst of references and keywords. The analysis included 927 articles from 465 journals and 1402 institutions in 67 countries. Research on cNF has been increasing in recent years. The United States leads the field. Pierre Wolkenstein was the top author, while The University of Hamburg was the most productive institution. The American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A published the most articles in cNF. Co-citation analysis revealed major research topics and trends over time, showing growing interest in evaluating quality of life and genotype-phenotype correlation for cNF patients. Emerging topical MEK inhibitors show potential as a promising therapy. In conclusion, our bibliometric analysis of cNF research over the past two decades highlights the growing interest in this complex genetic disorder. Leading countries, authors, institutions, and journals have played significant roles in shaping the field. Notably, recent trends emphasize the importance of evaluating quality of life and genotype-phenotype correlations in cNF patients. Furthermore, the emergence of promising topical therapy marks an exciting development in the quest to improve patient care and outcomes for those affected by cNF, paving the way for future research and collaboration.

Top 100 most-cited clinical trials and systematic reviews related to children and adolescents’ oral health

Aim: To identify and analyze the 100 most-cited clinical trials (CTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) related to children and adolescents’ oral health. Methods: A search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS-CC), using a specific search strategy. Papers were ranked in descending order, considering number of citations. Only CTs and SRs were considered. Two reviewers selected the papers and collected the bibliometric data: year of publication; number and density of citations; study designs; journals; authors; countries and institutions; topics of study; and keywords. Poisson regression was performed to verify associations between the number of citations and bibliometric parameters. Results: The 100 most-cited papers were published between 1982 and 2018 and received a total of 8,702 citations in the WoS-CC (ranging from 52 to 177). Fifty-three papers were CTs and 47 SRs. The American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics published the most papers (n=20). Twetman S contributed the highest number of papers (n=7). The United States of America was the most prolific country (n = 17), followed by the Netherlands (n=11). The University of Nijmegen (Netherlands) presented 8 papers among the most-cited. The main topic of interest was Cariology (n = 40). “Dental Caries” was the most frequent keyword (n = 20). The citations’ number from WoS-CC decreased by 1.3% each year (RP: 0.987, 95%CI: 0.975–1.000, p = 0.048). Conclusion: This bibliometric study allowed an analysis of the most-cited CTs and SRs related to children and adolescents’ oral health, highlighting the most prolific authors, institutions and countries based on the number of citations.

Social justice attitudes in a deep divided society: the case of Jewish Arab bilingual schools in Israel

ABSTRACT This paper uses Israel as a case study to investigate the contribution that schools have on their graduates’ social justice attitudes. Using (Ajzen, I. 1991. “The Theory of Planned Behavior.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50 (2): 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T) theory of planned behaviour alongside the social justice scale developed by (Torres-Harding, S. R., B. Siers, and B. D. Olson. 2012. “Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Social Justice Scale (SJS).” American Journal of Community Psychology 50 (1-2): 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-011-9478-2), this study aim is to investigate whether Jewish Arab bilingual elementary schools who foreground social justice as part of their educational mission contribute to their graduates’ attitudes towards social justice. In order to carry out our investigation, a quantitative method was used and two types of schools were chosen: state schools, whose main objective is to create solidary among the Jewish majority in society, and Jewish-Arab bilingual schools, whose aim is to promote understanding among Jewish and Palestinian citizens of Israel and a social justice agenda. Our hypothesis was that perceptions of social justice would be significantly higher among Jewish Arab bilingual schools’ graduates when compared to state schools’ graduates.

Mindfulness training can reduce opioid use among military

Military personnel and veterans who have been taking opioids for chronic pain may experience greater benefits from group therapy that integrates mindfulness techniques than they do from supportive psychotherapy, according to a report published last week in The American Journal of Psychiatry.

Country names in journal titles: shaping researchers’ perception of journals quality

Numerous academic journals incorporate geographic names, including countries and regions, in their titles. This practice is not uniform, as some journals opt to internationalise by omitting these affiliations. To gauge the impact of country names in journal titles on researchers' perceptions of journal quality, 408 researchers in sociology, psychology, environmental sciences, and physical chemistry in Brazil, Canada, Germany, Malaysia, Nigeria, and the USA were surveyed. The study reveals that most researchers believe that a journal's association with a specific country influences their perception of its quality (74.6%) and international readership (76.8%). Consequently, researchers tend to avoid journals with country-specific titles, suspecting limited readership or a predominant focus on papers from that country. However, exceptions exist, primarily in terms of perception, especially for American journals, which are often perceived as indistinguishable from mainstream international journals. Disciplinary variations emerge, with subject matter influencing perceptions. Subjects such as sociology, closely tied to local and national issues, exhibit a more (compared to e.g., chemistry) significant tendency toward recognising national journals. The inclusion of the term "international" in journal titles elicits mixed opinions, with some associating it with low quality or predatory journals, a perception that stems from the proliferation of predatory journals in some Asian and African countries. This study offers insight into researchers’ preferences and underscores the important role of journal titles in shaping researchers' perceptions of journals’ scope, quality and readership. In a challenging metric-driven research and publishing landscape, it is important to strike a balance between internationalisation and fostering diversity in scholarly journal publishing.

Most cited articles involving lacrosse since 1990 primarily focus on concussion and traumatic brain injury

ABSTRACT Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify the 50 most-cited publications relating to lacrosse since 1990 and conduct a bibliometric analysis of the identified studies Methods Clarivate Analytics Web of Science database was queried to identify all publication titles, abstracts, and keywords for the term ‘lacrosse’ on 9 June 2023. The resulting articles were sorted by total number of citations. Titles and abstracts were included based on their relevance to lacrosse. Once the 50 most cited articles were identified, each article was further analyzed to obtain author name, publication year, country of origin, journal name, article type, research topic, competition level, total number of citations, and the level of evidence. Citation density (total number of citations/years since publication) was calculated and recorded for each of the most-cited studies. Results The 50 most-cited articles were cited 4237 of times with an average of 84 citations per article. The most cited article was cited 637 (15.0%) times. The articles came from 2 different countries, with the United States and Australia comprising 49 and 1 articles, respectively. All articles were published in English. The American Journal of Sports Medicine published the most articles (n = 21, 42.0%). The most studied topic was concussion/traumatic brain injury (n = 18) followed by studies assessing all injuries (n = 7). Collegiate-level lacrosse was the most studied level of competition (n = 22), while high school-level followed (n = 12). Conclusions The majority of the 50 most-cited articles related to lacrosse since 1990 focus on the prevalence, diagnosis and identification of concussion/traumatic brain injury in high school and collegiate-level athletes. These articles are predominantly epidemiological or cohort studies with Level III or IV evidence that almost unanimously originate from the United States.

Clinical Research in Renal Transplantation: A Bibliometric Perspective on a Half-century of Innovation and Progress.

Groundbreaking biomedical research has transformed renal transplantation (RT) into a widespread clinical procedure that represents the mainstay of treatment for end-stage kidney failure today. Here, we aimed to provide a comprehensive bibliometric perspective on the last half-century of innovation in clinical RT. The Web of Science Core Collection was used for a comprehensive screening yielding 123 303 research items during a 50-y period (January 1973-October 2022). The final data set of the 200 most-cited articles was selected on the basis of a citation-based strategy aiming to minimize bias. Studies on clinical and immunological outcomes (n = 63 and 48), registry-based epi research (n = 38), and randomized controlled trials (n = 35) dominated the data set. Lead US authors have signed 110 of 200 articles. The overall level of evidence was high, with 84% of level1 and -2 reports. Highest numbers of these articles were published in New England Journal of Medicine , Transplantation , and American Journal of Transplantation. Increasing trend was observed in the number of female authors in the postmillennial era (26% versus 7%). This study highlights important trends in RT research of the past half-century. This bibliometric perspective identifies the most intensively researched areas and shift of research interests over time; however, it also describes important imbalances in distribution of academic prolificacy based on topic, geographical aspects, and gender.

Mapping the landscape of research on insulin resistance: a visualization analysis of randomized clinical trials

BackgroundInsulin resistance, a condition in which cells do not respond adequately to insulin, plays a crucial role in diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) explore interventions to manage insulin resistance, contributing to evidence-based medical progress. The current study aimed to analyze the global research landscape and trends in RCTs targeting insulin resistance.MethodsThis study used bibliometric analysis and data visualization to examine RCT publications on insulin resistance from 2003 to 2022. The Scopus database was used due to its comprehensive coverage. The search strategy involved combining terms related to insulin resistance with RCT-related terms. The search query was validated, and core bibliometric indicators were used to analyze publication growth, origin, productivity, quality, and citations.ResultsBetween 2003 and 2022, 1077 RCT-focused publications on insulin resistance were identified from a pool of 24,932 related articles. The growth followed two phases, with a significant increase after 2008. The USA (n = 308; 28.60%), Iran (n = 165; 15.32%), China (n = 110; 10.21%), and the UK (n = 92; 8.54%) were the main contributors. The active institutions included Tehran University of Medical Sciences (n = 38; 3.53%) and Harvard Medical School (n = 31; 2.88%). Prominent funding agencies include the National Institutes of Health (n = 88; 8.17%) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (n = 86; 7.99%). The top journals included the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (n = 44; 4.09%) and Diabetes Care (n = 35; 3.25%). Co-occurrence analysis revealed three clusters addressing “utilizing lipid panels as indicators of insulin resistance,” “analyzing the impact of diet composition and physical activity on insulin sensitivity among obese individuals,” and “exploring insulin resistance in cases of polycystic ovary syndrome.”ConclusionsThis comprehensive bibliometric analysis highlights the global research landscape and trends in RCTs targeting insulin resistance. Research on lipid panels, diet impact, and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome will continue to be a hotspot. The findings offer valuable information on research priorities, international collaborations, and impactful publications. This study provides a foundation for future directorial investigations in this critical area of metabolic health.

Realization of Low-Probability Clinical Risks and Physician Behavior

Previous articleNext article No AccessRealization of Low Probability Clinical Risks and Physician Behavior: Evidence from Primary Care PhysiciansYoav Goldstein, Gabriel Chodick, and Ity ShurtzYoav Goldstein Search for more articles by this author , Gabriel Chodick Search for more articles by this author , and Ity Shurtz Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Health Economics Just Accepted Published for the American Society of Health Economists (ASHEcon) Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/724416 Views: 13Total views on this site HistoryAccepted January 10, 2023 © 2023 American Society of Health Economics. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

"The Last Act in the Tragedy of Judaism": Stalinist Antisemitism, the American Jewish Committee, and French Holocaust Memory in the Cold War

Abstract: Beginning in 1952, the New York-based American Jewish Committee (AJC) spearheaded a transatlantic effort to stigmatize Stalinist antisemitism through direct historical comparison with the recent Nazi genocide of European Jewry. In France, home to the AJC's European headquarters, the project of tarring Stalin with Hitler's brush spurred an unprecedented flood of discourse about the Holocaust. However, the narrative that emerged among participating French intellectuals—Jewish and non-Jewish—elided the genocide's Western European dimensions. This article analyzes the AJC's French-language journal Évidences comparatively alongside its American sister journal, Commentary , and contextually against documentation from the AJC archives in order to argue that the politics of the early Cold War did not simply impede Holocaust memory in the West; rather, anti-totalitarian projects produced framings of the genocide that relied on and replicated the Cold War's own temporal and geographic logics.

What Difference Does a Diagnosis Make?

Next article No AccessWhat Difference Does a Diagnosis Make? Evidence from Marginal PatientsMattan Alalouf, Sarah Miller, and Laura R WherryMattan Alalouf Search for more articles by this author , Sarah Miller Search for more articles by this author , and Laura R Wherry Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Health Economics Just Accepted Published for the American Society of Health Economists (ASHEcon) Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/724415 Views: 8Total views on this site HistoryAccepted January 25, 2023 © 2023 American Society of Health Economics. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The American Journal of Psychiatry: Table of Contents

The American Journal of Psychiatry: Table of Contents

Application of Machine Learning in Orthodontics: A Bibliometric Analysis

Background: Machine learning (ML), a facet of artificial intelligence, utilizes algorithms to learn from data without explicit programming. In orthodontics, ML offers advantages like tailoring personalized treatment plans for patients. Despite its potential, there hasn’t been a bibliometric analysis of ML studies in orthodontics. This study aims to fill that gap. Types of studies reviewed: Articles on ML in orthodontics were reviewed from Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed. Data on journal details, country of origin, publication month, citations, keywords, and co-authorship were extracted. Results: The search retrieved a total of 1478 articles, of which 701 were excluded. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics has published the most articles (3.6%), followed by the seminars in Orthodontics Journal (1.6%), and Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research Journal (1.6%). Most of the articles were from researchers from China (n = 156), the United States (n = 107), and South Korea (n = 70). The number of citations of the published articles ranged from 0 to 702, with most articles (75.54%) having at least one citation. Science Mapping analysis revealed that the most used keywords were Human(s) (n = 484), Artificial intelligence (n = 194), Female (n=169), Male (n = 161), and Cephalometry (n = 151). Clinical implications: Clinicians should be aware of the emerging global collaborative landscape in machine learning trends, stay informed about technological advancements, and consider the potential impact of ML on patient care and treatment outcomes in their practices.

The utility of platelet-rich plasma in modern orthopedic practices: a review of the literature

Introduction Citation analysis is a useful tool to understand the contributions publications make within their fields. As the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) by orthopedic shoulder and elbow surgeons increases, it is vital to highlight influential literature that may inform readers of innovations, new applications, and current trends within PRP research. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the 50 most-cited publications related to the use of PRP in shoulder and elbow orthopedics. Methods The Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Database was searched using various Boolean searches. Author name, journal, study type, publication year, number of citations, level of evidence, and geographical origin were recorded for each publication. Results Included publications accumulated 6318 total citations with the most-cited article achieving 561 citations. Most studies were randomized controlled trials of Level I evidence. Authors from the United States (10) produced the most publications, and nearly half (22) of the articles were published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine. Discussion Randomized controlled trials composed much of this analysis. As PRP use within upper extremity orthopedics is refined, studies demonstrating evidence in favor of PRP may replace the publications reviewed in this analysis.

Reconstruction of a Chronic, Retracted Proximal Hamstring Rupture Using Achilles Tendon Allograft

Background: Chronic, retracted proximal hamstring ruptures are a challenging problem and can be a significant cause of pain and disability if left untreated. Allograft augmentation is a viable surgical option with good clinical outcomes. Indications: Indications are symptomatic patients with chronic hamstring ruptures unable to be primarily repaired. Patients typically present with pain, instability, or lack of push of strength. Technique Description: An L-shaped extensile incision is made at the level of the gluteal crease. The gluteus maximus is retracted proximally. The sciatic nerve is identified, neurolysed, and tagged. Following the release of adhesions of the native tendon and confirmation of the inability to complete a primary repair, the Achilles tendon allograft is prepared. The allograft is incorporated with the native tendon and the subsequent hamstring construct is fixed and reduced to the ischial tuberosity with suture anchors. After copious irrigation, the incision is closed with Monocryl and Dermabond (Johnson and Johnson) and a sterile dressing is applied. The patient is placed in a hip brace locked in extension. Results: In a study by Rust et al, examining 72 patients with proximal hamstring ruptures, patients who underwent allograft reconstruction reported activities of daily living and postoperative sports activity equal to those of chronic repair, and inferior to those of acute repair. However, there were no significant differences between groups for patient-reported outcomes among acute and chronic repairs and allograft reconstruction. Moreover, a systematic review, by Van Der Made et al, published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine, included 13 studies that found that Achilles allograft repair for delayed proximal hamstring repair results in outcomes comparable to acute primary repair. Discussion/Conclusion: Although the literature on chronic proximal hamstring repair is fairly limited, studies have shown that proximal hamstring repair with allograft augmentation can be favorable in symptomatic patients. Allograft augmentation for chronic, retracted proximal hamstring ruptures provides increased functional outcomes in comparison with nonoperative management. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.

The Effects of Neonatal Intensive Care on Infant Mortality and Long-Term Health Impairments

Previous articleNext article FreeThe Effects of Neonatal Intensive Care on Infant Mortality and Long-Term Health ImpairmentsTamás Hajdu, Gábor Kertesi, Gábor Kézdi, and Ágnes Szabó-MorvaiTamás Hajdu Search for more articles by this author , Gábor Kertesi Search for more articles by this author , Gábor Kézdi Search for more articles by this author , and Ágnes Szabó-Morvai Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Health Economics Just Accepted Published for the American Society of Health Economists (ASHEcon) Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/724219 Views: 46Total views on this site HistoryAccepted January 04, 2023 © 2023 American Society of Health Economics. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Online Only – The Next Big Thing for Zeitschrift für Psychologie

Abstract: The Zeitschrift für Psychologie is the oldest psychological journal in Europe and the second oldest in the world. It was founded in 1890 by Hermann Ebbinghaus, Arthur König, and colleagues 3 years after the American Journal of Psychology and is a publication organ for all fields of empirical psychology. Until 2006, it was published in German. In 2007, the journal took a decisive step toward internationalization by publishing all contributions exclusively in English. The editors are convinced that the time has now come to take another step and make the journal appear exclusively online. Various advantages for authors and readers are being sketched, namely fast publication times, enhanced replicability and reproducibility, and extended impact assessment.