Altai Region Research Articles

Khoomei Research on Singing Techniques and Stage Performance

The Mongolian word "Khoomei" refers to a special sound emitted by exhalation from the lungs. Because of its unique and distinctive pronunciation, it is called "the oldest singing method in the world", which is a unique singing art in the world, because its unique pronunciation is that a person can make two parts at the same time.Therefore, Khoomei has extremely distinctive national characteristics. However, due to the influence of language and singing technology, the spread is not wide. Nowadays, only Mongolia, the Altai region of Xinjiang and the Republic of Tuva still has the vocal art of Khoomei, and Khoomei is on the verge of crisis in China. Therefore, for Khoom It is very necessary to analyze and study singing techniques and their stage performance research. This article discusses its development process and singing techniques for reference.

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ САНАТОРНО-КУРОРТНЫХ МЕТОДИК В РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ ПАЦИЕНТОК С РАННИМИ ГЕСТАЦИОННЫМИ ПОТЕРЯМИ

Introduction. Early pregnancy loss is still an unresolved problem in obstetric and gynecology. The pathogenesis is based on the comorbidity of pathological factors such as subclinical hormonal, immune, psychoneurotic disorders and endometrial pathology. It requires complex rehabilitation pregnancy planning programs for such patients. Aim. Aim of research is to optimize treatment and rehabilitation measures in patients with the history of early pregnancy lost using the Belokurikha’s spa and resort clusters. Material and methods. 79 patients with early reproductive lost history underwent a course of medical and rehabilitation treatment in the «Altai Castle» spa and resort (Belokurikha, Altai Region). Complex spa treatment included climatotherapy and combination of various methods: balneo-, peloid-, physiotherapy and a prolonged course of herbal medicine. Results and discussion. Women with a history of early pregnancy loss had significant improvement in physical and mental health, ultrasound chronic endometritis markers were decreased. The first year onset pregnancy occurred in 70.9% after rehabilitation and most of them (92.8%) delivered at term. Proposed rehabilitation program is highly efficient due to the multidirectional potentiating action of natural factors that have powerful immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and regenerating effects. Conclusion. A complex rehabilitation program for patients with a history of early pregnancy lost in Belokurikha’s spa and resort with a prolonged course of herbal medicine helps to make rapid psychosomatic and reproductive health recovery.

EMOTIONAL ASPECT OF CIVIL IDENTITY OF THE RESIDENTS OF THE RUSSIAN BORDER REGION

Civic identity is one of the most important identities of the individual. Its structure includes a number of components: cognitive, emotional, behavioral, symbolic, which explains its complexity and ambiguity. During the formation of identity, all components require attention, including emotion, having a diverse range of emotions, based on the relation of the ideal image of identity to reality. The article presents the results of a sociological survey conducted in four border regions: Kaliningrad region, Voronezh region, Altai region and Khabarovsk region, (N=1753). The article analyses the manifestation of the civic identity of the population of border regions, as well as assessment of the emotional aspect of civic identity from the standpoint of socio-demographic characteristics.

Genetic History of the Altai Breed Horses: From Ancient Times to Modernity.

This study focuses on expanding knowledge about the genetic diversity of the Altai horse native to Siberia. While studying modern horses from two Altai regions, where horses were subjected to less crossbreeding, we tested the hypothesis, formulated on the basis of morphological data, that the Altai horse is represented by two populations (Eastern and Southern) and that the Mongolian horse has a greater genetic proximity to Eastern Altai horses. Bone samples of ancient horses from different cultures of Altai were investigated to clarify the genetic history of this horse breed. As a genetic marker, we chose hypervariable region I of mitochondrial DNA. The results of the performed phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of our and previously published data confirmed the hypothesis stated above. As we found out, almost all the haplotypes of the ancient domesticated horses of Altai are widespread among modern Altai horses. The differences between the mitochondrial gene pools of the ancient horses of Altai and Mongolia are more significant than between those of modern horses of the respective regions, which is most likely due to an increase in migration processes between these regions after the Early Iron Age.

Experience in Organizing the Information Infrastructure of the Government of the Altai Region in Response to Security Threats

In this paper, complex information infrastructure of the government of the Altai Region is considered. The authors identify three possible stages of information infrastructure development of the government of the Altai Region, such as requirements definition, design, and implementation.

The prevalence and nosological structures of primary immunodeficiencies among children in the Altai region

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Dynamics of the Prevalence of Diseases Among Fertile Age Women in a Separate Territory of the Krasnoshchyokovo District of the Altai Region Adjacent to the Rocket and Space Activity Zone

Part of the territory of the Altai Region is covered by the contours of the fall areas of the separating parts of launch vehicles during launches from the Baikonur cosmodrome. This paper presents the results of a dynamic analysis of data on the prevalence of diseases among women of fertile age – residents of the Chineta village council of the Krasnoshchyokovo district, as living in the territory adjacent to the fall areas of separable parts of launch vehicles. The data were obtained based on the results of a medical examination of the population of this territory in 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 in order to identify the possible negative impact of rocket and space activities on the health of the population. The study revealed the most significant pathology, the overall prevalence of diseases and the frequency of the prevalence of diseases of certain classes in women of fertile age in dynamics.

Main Trends in Bottled Water Consumption among Young People in the Regions of Southwest Siberia

Introduction: One of the promising ways to improve the quality of life and life expectancy of the population is harmonization of the drinking regimen aimed at reducing the risk of the negative impact of increased levels of drinking water components and correcting the deficiency of a number of essential microelements. Objective: To conduct a questionnaire-based survey of young people living in the Altai Region and adjacent territories to determine the proportion of males and females who consume bottled water, taking into account added essential trace elements, duration of regular use, and the approximate volume of general water consumption. Materials and methods: The study involved 2,068 people, including 1,534 women and 534 men with the mean age of 20.7 ± 2.3 years and 20.6 ± 2.1 years, respectively. The survey was conducted during the second half of 2022 and the results were analyzed in January 2023. Results: The statistical frequency analysis showed that the structure of bottled water consumption in the young men did not differ from that in the whole sample and the women. The majority of young people (82.0 to 83.5 %) of both sexes actively used bottled water for drinking purposes, and 8.5 to 12.2 % of them consciously chose bottled water with added essential trace elements. The median time of constant bottled water consumption among all the respondents was 5 years with the first and third quartiles of 1 and 10 years, respectively. A statistical relationship was established between sex and the volume of water consumption: the young women were prone to consume less while a large proportion of young men was found to consume more water than required for optimal hydration. Conclusions: Ensuring proper drinking regimen is an important task for health maintenance of young people, which should be addressed through creation of specialized health schools on the basis of regional centers for prevention of non-communicable diseases and/or disease prevention departments (offices) of medical institutions.

Effect of Earthquake Preparation on Changes in Meteorological Characteristics (Based on the Example of the 2003 Chuya Earthquake)

In this paper, we analyze the effect of the preparation of the Chuya earthquake on September 27,2003, the strongest event in the Altai-Sayan folded region for the entire instrumental period of seismologicalobservations, on meteorological characteristics (temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric chemicalpotential correction, latent heat of evaporation, and the mean and dispersion values of these data) and theirspectral characteristics in the Gorny Altai region. The meteorological and spectral characteristics are shownto change for a certain time before the main shock. The spectral characteristics distinctly change both duringthe preparation of the main shock and during the aftershock process.

Photography Business in Urban Western Siberia in the Second Half of the XIX – Early XX Century

Photographic studios provide an excellent example of entrepreneurial activity, as well as a deep insight into the routine and innovations in West-Siberian cities and towns during the modernization period. This article describes the development of photography business in Western Siberia in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. The historiography analysis of this issue showed a rather poor scientific coverage. The study covered the regions of Tomsk, Tyumen, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Omsk, and Altai. The article introduces unpublished archival documents and photographs. Archival cases showed how the authorities licensed private photographic studios, the motivation behind the permissions, the number of photo salons, commercial rivalry, labor optimization, profits, and customer attitude. The author believes that photography catalyzed modernization of urban routine and democratized the local society: any citizen had the right to start a photographic studio, where they could serve any customers, regardless of their social status.

Интродукция и реинтродукция такырной круглоголовки – Phrynocephalus helioscopus (Agamidae, Reptilia) в Алтайском крае

Information is provided on the introduction and reintroduction of the takyr roundhead (Phrynocephalus helioscopus) in the Altai region under the “Program of Comprehensive Study of the Methods of Keeping and Breeding in Captivity of the Takyr roundhead (Phryno-cephalus helioscopus)”.

ВЛИЯНИЕ СИНТЕЗ-МЕТОДА «АНТИСТРЕССОВАЯ ПЛАСТИЧЕСКАЯ ГИМНАСТИКА» НА КАЧЕСТВО ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

The article considers the possibilities of a promising direction of health-improving physical culture “anti-stress plastic gymnastics” in relation to the contingents of teachers of preschool educational institutions, schools, universities, as well as preschoolers, schoolchildren and students, in order to justify the possibility of transferring the method for planned personnel training. The authors conducted long-term observations of the impact of the method on these contingents, written and oral surveys of teachers and students in Moscow and the Altai region. The work uses the principle of complementarity or balancing to ensure its quality. The work is the final stage before the planned personnel training, and the research itself is the basis for its implementation.

Ancient mitochondrial genome depicts sheep maternal dispersal and migration in Eastern Asia

Sheep have been one of the most important groups of animals since ancient times. However, the knowledge of their migration routes and genetic relationships is still poorly understood. To investigate sheep maternal migration histories alongside Eurasian communications routes, in this study, we obtain mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from 17 sheep remains in 6 Chinese sites and 1 Uzbekistan site dated 4429–3100 years before present (BP). By obtaining the mitogenomes from the sheep (4429–3556 BP) found in the Tongtian Cave site in Xinjiang, Altai region of northwest China, our results support the emergence of haplogroup C sheep in Xinjiang as early as 4429–3556 BP. The combined phylogenetic analyses with extant ancient and modern sheep mitogenomes suggest that the Uzbekistan-Altai region may have been a migration hub for early sheep in eastern Asia. At least two migration events have taken place for sheep crossing Eurasia to China, one passing by Uzbekistan and Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River at approximately 4000 BP and another following the Altai region to middle Inner Mongolia from 4429 BP to 2500 BP. Overall, this study provides further evidence for early sheep utilization and migration patterns in Eastern Asia.

The Middle Paleolithic of Tsagaan Agui Cave in the Gobi Altai region of Mongolia and its Siberian and Central Asian links

Stratified Middle Paleolithic industries in Mongolia are mostly known from final Middle Paleolithic complexes in the Orkhon and Kharganyn Gol valleys in the north-central part of the country, while Middle Paleolithic sites in the Gobi Desert have not attracted as much attention. Re-analysis of archaeological collections made during excavations of Tsagaan Agui Cave in 1987–1989 have made it possible to define transitional specific tool types as well as the systems of primary flaking employed through different lithic complexes. Recent excavations of Tsagaan Agui in 2021 and 2022 place the lithic complexes first identified there in the 1980s into a more refined chronological sequence. Preliminary technological and typological analyses reveal the non-Levallois Mousterian character of the Middle Paleolithic industry at Tsagaan Agui Cave. Here, we attempt to identify analogs of this industry in Siberia and eastern Asia.

КЕРАМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОСУДА ПАЗЫРЫКСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ ИЗ ПАМЯТНИКОВБ ОБНАРУЖЕННЫХ НА АЛТАЕ В ДОРЕВОЛЮЦИОННЫЙ ЕПЕРИОД И В 1920-Е ГОДЫ

The ceramic dishes belong to the category of mass archaeological sources in the study of the Pazyryk culture of the Scythian-Saka time. However, the degree of study of such products leaves much to be desired, although their information potential is beyond doubt. In this case, not only quantitative indicators and qualitative characteristics are important, but also the implementation of the program of interdisciplinary analysis, as well as the history of detection. The article examines the process of accumulating information about the fi nds of the clay vessels at the initial stage of excavation of the sites of the Pazyryk culture. From 1865 to 1929, expeditions led by V. V. Radlov, N.M. Yadrintsev, S.I. Rudenko and other researchers explored the Altai Region. In the course of this work, a lot of information was obtained, which is still in demand today. The results of the first analytical conclusions and their interpretation are noted. Color illustrations of some jugs are given. It is noted that some finds could not be found in the museum collections. There are problems with the level of publication materials, which requires additional archival research.

Epizootic process of infectious diseases of wild birds in the forest-steppe area of the Altai Region

Epizootic process of infectious diseases of wild birds in the forest-steppe area of the Altai Region

Late Holocene environmental changes inferred from pollen records of Yileimu Lake sediments, southern Altai Mountains, Northwest China

Climate and landscape changes since the late Holocene have received increasing attention. The Altai region, which is located at the intersection of the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor and the Eurasian Steppe Roads, is relatively poorly studied. In this study, based on robust radiocarbon ages and detailed pollen analyses, the history of climate and landscape changes was reconstructed from Yileimu Lake, southern Altai Mountains during the past 3500 years. Four stages of vegetation change are identified: (1) During 1550 BCE–720 BCE, the vegetation was taiga (mainly Picea and Betula) in uplands, and steppe (dominated by Artemisia, Poaceae and Cyperaceae) around the lake, indicating a humid climate, which was favorable for the expansion of human activities including enhanced nomadic pastoralism in Altai Mountains and transcontinental culture exchange along the proto‐Silk Roads. (2) During 720 BCE–390 CE, there was a stepwise decrease in Picea, rapid increase and then decrease in Betula, and gradual increases in contents of Poaceae and Thalictrum pollen, and fern spores, indicating a warm and moderately humid climate, with evidence of more intense human activities during 20 BCE–390 CE. (3) During 390 CE–1560 CE, desert-steppe (with high Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Ephedra and Cyperaceae content) developed in response to an increasing arid climate and/or enhanced human activities. (4) After 1560 CE, taiga and steppe recovered due to the humid climate. Human activities have become the key factor affecting vegetation since the past 2000 years. In addition, the vegetation response to an Ms ≥ 8.0 earthquake that occurred around 1550 BCE was characterized by a rapid recovery of Betula, followed by Artemisia and Picea. Restoration of vegetation helps to reduce soil erosion and afforest exposed landslides.

The 2022 Work Summaries of the Confucius Institute at Novosibirsk State University

In 2022, the Confucius Institute at Novosibirsk State University withstood the test of the pandemic. With the full support of Novosibirsk State University and Xinjiang University, it actively continued to carry out Chinese teaching and various cultural and scientific research activities, while the scope of influence extended to Siberia, the Urals and Altai regions, and the work of the year was completed with high quality and efficiency. During this year, under the leadership of the Chinese and Russian directors, all staff of the Confucius Institute worked tirelessly to build digital Chinese teaching resources, enriching the diversity of cultural activities, enhancing the influence of competitions and academic activities, vigorously cultivating Chinese talents, and creating outstanding talents. Remarkable results have been achieved. In the new year, the Institute will continue to work hard in all work-related aspects, firmly grasp new development opportunities, and promote the rapid recovery of inter-university exchanges and cooperation between China and Russia and achieve new and greater development.

MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EAST KAZAKHSTAN AS A FACTOR OF GEOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT

Due to its innovativeness, geotourism is actively developing all over the world. The article discusses the scientific and educational aspects of the development of geotourism in East Kazakhstan thanks to the geomorphological attractiveness of the region. The formation of a national geotourism market based on unique geological and geomorphological objects is relevant because of its innovativeness and possible profit both as a tourist activity and through the creation of a network of global geoparks in Kazakhstan. The article is devoted to the analysis of the recreational-geomorphological attractiveness of the territory and methodological approaches to awareness in domestic and foreign recreational-geomorphological literature. The development of ideas about the importance of the geomorphological structure and dynamics of the relief for recreational activities has been widely developed. It started in Western European tourism practice first and foremost and since the late 1990s of the last century began to develop in the post-Soviet space (in the CIS countries). The paper describes the unique geological and geomorphological natural monuments of the East Kazakhstan region, and the typology of geomorphological features of the region. The author substantiates the possibility of creating a geopark as a backbone tourist territory, contributing to the development of domestic and inbound tourism in the region. The article describes goals and tasks of creating a geopark in the transboundary region of Altai region.

Высокогорный природный парк «Ак Чолушпа» как территория экотуристского интереса

Высокогорный природный парк «Ак Чолушпа» как территория экотуристского интереса