Agricultural Utilization Research Articles

Modeling of summer maize transpiration considering morphogenesis

Plant transpiration research is the foundation for improving the efficiency of agricultural water resource utilization and ensuring food production safety. It is an important content of agricultural production and water resource utilization research. However, spatial heterogeneities of leaf size and positions affect the estimation of transpiration. In this study, summer maize on the North China Plain was taken as the research object. Based on the measured data of the photosynthetic apparatus, morphogenesis and stem flow meter, the transpiration variation rule of summer maize leaves was analyzed, and the spatial distribution model of photosynthetically active radiation based on plant morphogenesis was constructed. Considering the spatial heterogeneities of leaf size and positions, the individual-plant scale transpiration model was upgraded. The reliability of transpiration model at individual plant scale was verified. The results showed that: i) the transpiration rate of leaves with different leaf positions, positive and negative leaves at the same leaf position and different parts of the same leaf were significantly different. ii) Based on the measured data, the structure of summer maize with spatial coordinates was obtained, and a calculation model for solar radiation reaching the top of the plants and a calculation model for photosynthetically active radiation reaching the surface of the leaves were constructed. Based on the different absorption, reflection, and transmission of radiation by summer maize leaves, the photosynthetically active radiation of each part of the leaves was characterized. iii) A plant transpiration model was constructed by combining the leaf panel transpiration model with the spatial distribution model of photosynthetically active radiation in summer maize plants, and, the determination coefficients between the simulated and the measured values of the individual plant scale transpiration rate were all above 0.95, the consistency index was close to 1.0, and the RMSE was in range of 12.41–16.64 g h−1. The individual plant transpiration obtained after simulated accumulation could meet the simulation accuracy. The results achieved the scale improvement of the leaf transpiration to individual plant transpiration.

Partial substitution of nitrogen fertilizers by organic products of rural waste co-composting impacts on farmland soil quality

Substituting nitrogen fertilizers with organic fertilizer is considered as an important measure to address agricultural non-point source pollution. However, little is known about the impact on soil environment of rural multi-source waste compost products to substitute nitrogen fertilizers. Here we examined the response of soil quality to the alternative application of organic products which previously made from co-compost of swine manure, human excrement and rice straw. According to the soil quality evaluation model, we observed that compost product application improved soil quality, wherein 40% compost product instead of nitrogen fertilizer showed a best effect on promoting soil quality. This was strongly related to microbial diversity and their network complexity. Also, compost product application shifted the composition of bacterial and fungal communities, significantly increasing relative abundances of dominant bacteria phyla (e.g. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Gemmatimonadota) and fungal phyla (e.g. Ascomycota), which indicated that compost product application facilitate the growth of microorganisms eutrophic taxa of microorganisms. Collectively, this study gives an optimal solution to replace nitrogen fertilizers by co-composted organic product and provides a deeper understanding of the impact of rural waste co-composted product on agricultural soils along with their value for agricultural utilization.

Profiling of Antibiotic Residues in Soil and Vegetables Irrigated Using Pharmaceutical-Contaminated Water in the Delhi Stretch of the Yamuna River, India

The movement of emerging pollutants, particularly antibiotics, from surface water to crops through the process of plant uptake poses a significant public concern related to the agricultural utilization of untreated water and biosolids. It is essential to consider the potential risk of inadvertent human exposure and the accumulation of drug residues in fresh food crops, particularly in the case of various green vegetables. Nowadays, environmental research is mainly focusing on the bioaccumulation and threat posed by pharmaceutical residues, especially antibiotics and personal care products in the soil–plant ecosystem. In the present study, the concentration of pharmaceuticals in soil samples collected from agricultural fields irrigated with Yamuna water were evaluated using suitable extraction and sophisticated instrumentation techniques. Out of the five sampling locations, the highest concentration of ofloxacin was reported at Site-V (0.265 µg/mg) during the premonsoon period and the lowest concentration (0.014 µg/mg) during the postmonsoon at Site-II, in terms of the average concentration; this could be due to the combined effect of anthropogenic activities, surface water runoff, and the combined load of drains in the vicinity. For the quantification of the selected antibiotics in a green leafy vegetable (Spinach oleracea), the concentration of ofloxacin was found to be the highest at Okhla barrage Site-V (5.586 µg/mg) during the premonsoon period, with the lowest concentration observed at Site-I, from 1.382 µg/mg to 1.698 µg/mg, during the postmonsoon period. The higher concentration of ofloxacin in crops is because of its susceptibility to being absorbed at the soil’s surface. Plant absorption of antibiotics is influenced primarily by the biological characteristics of the plant, encompassing factors like the lipid and carbohydrate composition of the plant roots. Additionally, the physiochemical properties of the drugs, including molecular size, Kow, and pKa, play a significant role in this process. The antibiotics showed greater variation in their concentration during the premonsoon than in the postmonsoon period, which may be because of precipitation, dilution, and the leaching effect of the soil. For all three of the drugs studied, the concentrations followed the order of ofloxacin > amoxicillin > erythromycin. Thus, the effective management of contaminated soils and vegetables must consider continuous monitoring and risk assessment of high-priority antibiotics to prevent negative effects on the natural environment and human health.

Techno-economic optimization of renewable urea production for sustainable agriculture and CO2 utilization

Urea is the most used nitrogen fertilizer due to its ease of storage, transportation, and application. It is made by combining ammonia and carbon dioxide (CO2), both of which are produced predominantly from fossil fuels at present. The recent momentum behind ammonia production using renewable-powered electrolysis offers an opportunity to both make urea in a more sustainable way and utilize CO2 from external sources. In this work, we present a techno-economic optimization model to minimize the cost of making urea in this way. The model allows for time-varying chemical production in response to renewable variability by simultaneously optimizing production facility design and hourly operation. We performed a case study for Minnesota considering the use of byproduct CO2 from bioethanol production. We found that the present-day levelized cost of renewable urea is between $268 mt−1 and $413 mt−1 at likely implementable production scales up to 250 000 mt yr−1. This is within the range of historical conventional urea prices while offering at least 78% carbon intensity reduction. Projecting to 2030, there is a clear economic case for renewable urea production with levelized cost as low as $135 mt−1 due to technology improvement and electrolysis manufacturing expansion, facilitating a urea production scale increase to 525 000 mt yr−1. Optimal facilities use wind energy, with hydrogen and ammonia production operating in a flexible, time-varying way to minimize battery and hydrogen storage capacities. Urea production operates near steady state due to the relatively low cost of intermediate ammonia buffer storage. A mix of imported methane and locally produced hydrogen are used to provide heat for steam consumed in the urea synthesis.

Performance Analysis of Agricultural Waste Using Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) Method

Agricultural waste, which is produced in large Sizes in India, for biogas production is A promising ingredient. A circular economy based on agro-waste biogas requires the Integration of agricultural waste management, biogas production and utilization and policy support. This article is from agricultural waste and Discusses in detail the feasibility of biogas production, its development and governance initiatives and policy regulations. For predicting the biogas content of agricultural wastes a simple theoretical study of anaerobic digestion is proposed. There are many different models, but most of them are instead of biochemical equations Relies on algebraic equations, and many more input parameters and Computational time is required. This work provides a simplified model that predicts the amount of biogas produced and can be used for agricultural energy feasibility studies, for example, bioreactors. That digests animal waste slurry. The objective of this thesis finding the best cleaning location for Agricultural waste or the Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) method showing. Based on grey correlation analysis for improving with many performance characteristics. This paper presents a useful approach. Based on the Taguchi method of orthogonal arrays sixteen test runs was performed. Such as laser power and cutting speed the laser cutting parameters are optimized considering multi-functional characteristics, that is Work piece surface roughness, Top kerf width and heat affected zone (HAZ) width. By analyzing the corresponding grayscale, Laser power is in the answers rather than slowing down and can be seen to have a greater effect. Ultimate analysis C, Ultimate analysis H, Ultimate analysis O, Ultimate analysis N, Ultimate analysis S there are alternatives parameter and Poultry Litter (Dry), Pig Solids (Dry), Fodder Manure (Dry), and Beef feedlot manure (dried) there are evaluation parameters. Ultimate analysis S is got the first rank whereas the Ultimate analysis O is having the lowest rank in this paper Agricultural waste Ultimate analysis S is got the first rank whereas the Ultimate analysis O is having the lowest rank.

Propolis: Harnessing Nature’s Hidden Treasure for Sustainable Agriculture

Recently, the search for sustainable and environmentally friendly agrochemicals from natural origin is steadily growing. Propolis, a resinous substance collected by honeybees, well known for its diverse biological activities, has attracted the attention of scientists and farmers with its agrochemical potential in the last years. This review article aims to delve into the fascinating world of propolis and its utilization in agriculture. Here, we provide a brief overview of propolis: its chemical composition and the bioactive substances responsible for its biological properties. The effectiveness of propolis in controlling common pests and diseases that affect crops, suppressing postharvest illnesses of fruits and vegetables, stimulating plant defenses and increasing stress resistance, is reviewed. Discussion of the challenges and future perspectives related to the integration of propolis in agriculture is also one of our objectives, including chemical variability, standardization and regulatory considerations. We also focused on the latest research trends and technological advances that promise to unlock the full potential of propolis as a sustainable agricultural tool.

Research Progress and Analysis on Comprehensive Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Biogas Slurry as Agricultural Resources

Anaerobic fermentation of organic waste, such as livestock manure, in biogas projects is an environmentally friendly and effective treatment method. The resulting biogas, mainly composed of methane, is a combustible gas with energy properties, while the digestate, containing nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and other organic matter, can be used for agricultural irrigation. This article analyzes the current situation of resource utilization of livestock manure in various countries and the progress of biogas projects. It introduces the process, composition, and commonly used filtration methods before applying the digestate to farmland. The summary focuses on the improvement of crop quality, enhancement of soil fertility and the risks of pollution, and environmental hazards associated with the utilization of biogas slurry. The limitations and corresponding solutions for the agricultural utilization of livestock digestate are discussed, and recommendations are made for the technology of digestate irrigation and application to farmland.

Effective Solutions to Ecological and Water Environment Problems in the Sanjiang Plain: Utilization of Farmland Drainage Resources

The Sanjiang Plain stands as a pivotal grain-producing region in China. Faced with population growth and the imperative of ensuring food security, the rapid expansion of agricultural land in the Sanjiang Plain has led to escalating ecological and water-environmental challenges, hindering the sustainable development of regional agriculture. This research aims to explore and propose practical measures for utilizing agricultural drainage resources to address the ecological and water-environmental issues resulting from agricultural expansion in the Sanjiang Plain, striving to achieve harmonious and sustainable economic and environmental growth. The discussion revolves around the potential alleviation of water quality, water quantity, and ecological health issues in the Sanjiang Plain through the proposed approach. Considering regional characteristics, the focus is on potential environmental drawbacks resulting from the improper application of the method. Building on these findings, effective strategies are presented to enhance the systematic operation of agricultural drainage resource utilization in the region. In conclusion, addressing ecological and water-environmental challenges stemming from local agricultural development is imperative for the Sanjiang Plain to realize sustainable development for the economy and the environment.

Economic benefits of water resources based on input–output model

Abstract To relieve environmental stress on water resources and promote stable socio-economic development, this article combined input–output models to analyze water resource utilization and development and to classify economic benefits. Based on this, an in-depth study was conducted on the economic benefits of water resources. Taking Hubei Province as an example, from the perspective of industrial structure, an empirical analysis was conducted on the water use benefits of various industries through input–output of water resources. The results showed that the mechanical industry and the transportation industry had the highest relative output coefficients, reaching 12.17 and 15.21, respectively. According to the results, the economic benefits of water resources in the secondary and tertiary industries of Hubei Province were relatively ideal. In practical development, industry-leading advantages could be utilized to optimize water resources management, innovate water use models and technologies, promote the improvement of agricultural water utilization rate and thus promote sustainable development of water resources.

Streptomyces as a promising biological control agents for plant pathogens.

Plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms in agriculture present a considerable obstacle, resulting in approximately 30-40% crop damage. The use of conventional techniques to manage these microorganisms, i.e., applying chemical pesticides and antimicrobials, has been discovered to have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Furthermore, these methods have contributed to the emergence of resistance among phytopathogens. Consequently, it has become imperative to investigate natural alternatives to address this issue. The Streptomyces genus of gram-positive bacteria is a potentially viable natural alternative that has been extensively researched due to its capacity to generate diverse antimicrobial compounds, such as metabolites and organic compounds. Scientists globally use diverse approaches and methodologies to extract new bioactive compounds from these bacteria. The efficacy of bioactive compounds in mitigating various phytopathogens that pose a significant threat to crops and plants has been demonstrated. Hence, the Streptomyces genus exhibits potential as a biological control agent for combating plant pathogens. This review article aims to provide further insight into the Streptomyces genus as a source of antimicrobial compounds that can potentially be a biological control against plant pathogens. The investigation of various bioactive compounds synthesized by this genus can enhance our comprehension of their prospective utilization in agriculture.

Hair Growth Promotion and Anti-Hair Loss Effects of By-Products Arabica Coffee Pulp Extracts Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction.

Coffee has been a common ingredient in many traditional hair loss remedies, but limited scientific evidence supports its use, particularly in coffee pulp. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is caused by androgens, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In the present study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used under various conditions to obtain six coffee pulp extracts. The SFE-4 extract, using 50% (v/v) ethanol as a co-solvent at conditions of 100 °C and 500 bars for 30 min, exhibited the highest phenolic, flavonoid, and caffeine contents. Additionally, the SFE-4 extract increased the migration and cell proliferation of HFDPCs (human hair follicle dermal papilla cells), which control hair cycle regulation, and had scavenging effects on ABTS and DPPH radicals. Additionally, the SFE-4 extract showed potassium ion channel opener activity in HFDPCs, as well as a stimulation effect on the enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) (28.53 ± 1.08% of control), which may be related to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene upregulation. In human prostate cancer cells (DU-145) and HFDPC cells, the SFE-4 extract significantly decreased the expression of SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3, an essential pathway involved in AGA. Hair growth factor genes in the Wnt/-catenin (CTNNB1) and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH, SMO, and GLI1) pathways could be significantly activated by the SFE-4 extract. These results imply that employing SFE in coffee pulp extraction could help AGA treatment by preventing hair loss and promoting hair growth pathways. This would help small coffee producers gain economic empowerment and ensure the long-term sustainability of agricultural waste utilization.

The GWR model-based regional downscaling of GRACE/GRACE-FO derived groundwater storage to investigate local-scale variations in the North China Plain

Groundwater storage and depletion fluctuations in response to groundwater availability for irrigation require understanding on a local scale to ensure a reliable groundwater supply. However, the coarser spatial resolution and intermittent data gaps to estimate the regional groundwater storage anomalies (GWSA) prevent the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GARCE-FO) mission from being applied at the local scale. To enhance the resolution of GWSA measurements using machine learning approaches, numerous recent efforts have been made. With a focus on the development of a new algorithm, this study enhanced the GWSA resolution estimates to 0.05° by extensively investigating the continuous spatiotemporal variations of GWSA based on the regional downscaling approach using a regression algorithm known as the geographically weighted regression model (GWR). First, the modified seasonal decomposition LOESS method (STL) was used to estimate the continuous terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA). Secondly, to separate GWSA from TWSA, a water balance equation was used. Third, the continuous GWSA was downscaled to 0.05° based on the GWR model. Finally, spatio-temporal properties of downscaled GWSA were investigated in the North China Plain (NCP), China's fastest-urbanizing area, from 2003 to 2022. The results of the downscaled GWSA were spatially compatible with GRACE-derived GWSA. The downscaled GWSA results are validated (R = 0.83) using in-situ groundwater level data. The total loss of GWSA in cities of the NCP fluctuated between 2003 and 2022, with the largest loss seen in Handan (−15.21 ± 7.25 mm/yr), Xingtai (−14.98 ± 7.25 mm/yr), and Shijiazhuang (−14.58 ± 7.25 mm/yr). The irrigated winter-wheat farming strategy is linked to greater groundwater depletion in several cities of NCP (e.g., Xingtai, Handan, Anyang, Hebi, Puyang, and Xinxiang). The study's high-resolution findings can help with understanding local groundwater depletion that takes agricultural water utilization and provide quantitative data for water management.

Seed biopriming as a promising approach for stress tolerance and enhancement of crop productivity: a review.

Chemicals are used extensively in agriculture to increase crop production to meet the nutritional needs of an expanding world population. However, their injudicious application adversely affects the soil's physical, chemical and biological properties, subsequently posing a substantial threat to human health and global food security. Beneficial microorganisms improve plant health and productivity with minimal impact on the environment; however, their efficacy greatly relies on the application technique. Biopriming is an advantageous technique that involves the treatment of seeds with beneficial biological agents. It exhibits immense potential in improving the physiological functioning of seeds, thereby playing a pivotal role in their uniform germination and vigor. Biopriming-mediated molecular and metabolic reprogramming imparts stress tolerance to plants, improves plant health, and enhances crop productivity. Furthermore, it is also associated with rehabilitating degraded land, andimproving soil fertility, health and nutrient cycling. Although biopriming has vast applications in the agricultural system, its commercialization and utilization by farmers is still in its infancy. This review aims to critically analyze the recent studies based on biopriming-mediated stress mitigation by alteration in physiological, metabolic and molecular processes in plants. Additionally, considering the necessity of popularizing this technique, the major challenges and prospects linked to the commercialization and utilization of this technique in agricultural systems have also been discussed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

AUTOMATION OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURE USING SELECTED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS

The agriculture industry is experiencing a transformative shift towards greater efficiency and sustainability through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into various production processes. This article presents an overview of selected AI tools and their practical utilization in agriculture, shedding light on their profound impact on enhancing crop yields, resource management, and overall farm productivity. The article also provides an overview of the definition of artificial intelligence and a timeline starting with the first mention of artificial intelligence and ending with the present to better understand the described issue. The article highlights the importance of responsible AI development and integration. The ethical and societal implications of AI in agriculture, such as job displacement and data privacy concerns, are also addressed. The adoption of AI technologies is expected to play a vital role in meeting the global food demand while addressing the challenges faced by the agriculture sector. However, it is crucial to navigate these advancements responsibly, ensuring that the benefits of AI in agriculture are maximized while minimizing potential drawbacks.

The Guarantee Pricing and the Analysis of the Automotive Branch Insurance Profitability in Tunisia

The presented study thoroughly investigates the technical profitability of the Tunisian automobile insurance market using a quantitative research approach with interpretivism as its foundation. The study aims to offer insightful information about the dynamics and profitability of the sector by concentrating on the combined ratio and applying the S/P ratio calculation. The data show that the Tunisian auto insurance industry faces serious obstacles. The S/P ratios continually exceeded 100% from 2019 to 2021, indicating a chronic problem of low technical profitability. Notably, the civil responsibility guarantees considerably added to this imbalance, particularly in the “agricultural utility” and “2-wheel use” categories, with S/P ratios rising to frightening heights, like 937% in 2012. These findings highlight the pressing necessity for pricing modifications and a thorough comprehension of the nuances of the market. The Tunisian auto insurance industry must address underpricing concerns and increase overall profitability viable over the long run. This study offers helpful insights for policymakers and business experts trying to manage these difficult issues and promote a more vibrant insurance market.

Biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose based material for sustainable/active food packaging application

This work goal is to develop a valuable biodegradable material for sustainable packaging. The utilization of agriculture wastes to produce biodegradable packaging films based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) will reduce its price. CMC was prepared from sugar cane bagasse, and used to prepare composite films with mandarin and cantaloupe peels extracts of different ratios. The effects of these extracts on the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the prepared films were evaluated. Thus, the films incorporated with 10% concentration of mandarin and cantaloupe peels extract exhibited excellent antimicrobial properties against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and pathogenic yeast than the other lower concentrated films. The physiochemical properties of each developed biodegradable films were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and antimicrobial. The reflected work is a novel approach, and which is vital in the conversion of organic waste to value-added product development.

Multi-Algorithm Hybrid Optimization of Back Propagation (BP) Neural Networks for Reference Crop Evapotranspiration Prediction Models

The reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) statistic is useful for estimating agricultural system water requirements and managing irrigation. In dry areas, the accurate calculation of ET0 is crucial for optimal agricultural water resource utilization. By investigating the relationship between meteorological information and ET0 in Shihezi City, four prediction models were developed: a BP neural network prediction model, a BP neural network prediction model improved by genetic algorithm (GA-BP), a BP neural network prediction model improved by particle swarm algorithm (PSO-BP), as well as an improved hybrid BP neural network prediction model (GA-PSO-BP). The Pearson correlation analysis found that the key parameters influencing ET0 were temperature (Tmax, Tave, Tmin), hours of sunshine (N), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (U), as well as average pressure (AP). Based on the analysis results, different combinations of meteorological input factors were established for modeling, and the results showed that when the input factors were temperature (Tmax, Tave, Tmin), hours of sunshine (N), as well as relative humidity (RH), the overall effect of the ET0 prediction model was better than the other input combinations, and the GA-PSO-BP prediction model was the best, which could provide some guidance for the deployment and use of water resources. This may assist in the allocation and utilization of agricultural water resources in Shihezi.

Spatial-temporal evolution of agricultural land utilization benefits and tradeoffs/synergies in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

As urbanization and industrialization accelerate, the imbalance in agricultural land use between economic development, social security, and ecological protection becomes increasingly apparent. To achieve sustainable utilization of agricultural land, it is essential to promote the coordinated development of economic, social, and ecological benefits. To this end, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for agricultural land utilization benefits (ALUBs) based on three dimensions of economy, society, and ecology and adopts the Mechanical Equilibrium Model to analyze the spatial–temporal evolution of ALUBs and their tradeoffs/synergies in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region at the county scale from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that: (1) economic, social, and comprehensive benefits increased significantly, while the ecological benefit remained relatively stable; (2) the overall coordination degree of ALUBs increased continuously, albeit with evident spatial differences; (3) with the rapid growth of social benefit, the deviation types shifted from economic and ecological benefit dominant areas to social benefit dominant areas. Corresponding suggestions for sustainable agricultural land use are also proposed based on the characteristics of ecologically fragile areas, core urbanization areas, and major grain-producing areas, respectively. This paper can serve as a useful reference for the sustainable utilization and management of agricultural land.

Construction of rapid prediction models for TN and TP in dairy farms slurry under different seasons by near infrared spectroscopy

Rapidly and stably measuring the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents of dairy slurry was a critical step before the field application, which was a key component of sustainable agriculture and slurry resource utilization. In present study, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) models were established for swiftly determining TN and TP contents in the slurry from diverse dairy farms under various conditions. A total of 828 samples were gathered from 33 intensive dairy farms in Tianjin City throughout spring, summer, autumn and winter. The analysis initially explored the seasonal influences on the distribution characteristics of TN and TP in slurry and the effects on NIRS. Subsequently, the study employed partial least squares (PLS) regression to establish the single-season models for predicting slurry TN and TP contents. The results demonstrated that the TN models were excellent in all the seasons, with Rp2 values ranging from 0.94 to 0.95 and RPD values between 3.88 and 4.29. The TP models were superior during spring, summer, and winter compared to autumn. Lastly, the global models of four seasons (GMFS) were developed to predict TN and TP contents. For TN, the Rp2 and RPD values were 0.85 and 2.38, which were deemed very good. For TP, the Rp2 and RPD values were 0.76 and 1.87, indicating good performance. Consequently, the GMFS incorporating data from diverse seasons exhibited a broader applicability scope, albeit with reduced precision and accuracy compared to the single-season models. These models accommodated various situational needs during slurry reapplication to farmland, providing a theoretical basis for the precise and scientifically-informed reuse of dairy farm slurry in agricultural fields.

High-Value Utilization of Corn Straw: From Waste to Wealth

As a renewable lignocellulosic biomass resource, corn straw has great potential for waste utilization in agriculture and sustainable development. In recent years, considerable attention has been given to the research on repurposing organic acids, saccharides, and other active substances extracted from corn straw. This review is focused on the progress in the preparative techniques and product development of organic acids and saccharides, realizing the high-value utilization of corn straw. This review also discusses the potential applications of corn straw in the food and biopharmaceutical industries, and sheds light on the current challenges and future directions in the efficient utilization of straw resources.