Advanced Training Of Specialists Research Articles

PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF TEXTILE DEVELOPMENT NANO EDUCATION IN UKRAINE

According to the analysis of literature sources [1-17], the general and textile types of nanoeducation described in them are characterized by considerable diversity in Ukraine. Therefore, in order to identify the priority of development of the most promising types of nanoeducation, we consider it appropriate to give a brief annotation of our selected literature sources. The main producers of nanotechnologies in Ukraine are the institutions of the academic sector of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, as they currently perform the bulk of research on the range, properties, quality and safety of nanoproducts in Ukraine. The interuniversity nanotechnology network could unite organizations of different forms of ownership that provide and carry out coordinated activities for the development and commercialization of nanotechnology and training for the needs of real production in each region. The development of nanoeducation in the country should begin with the financial support of the state and existing industries of each region of the relevant free economic zones and their units, as well as with the adaptation of world experience of countries that already produce competitive new generation products. The primary task of nanoeducation is the creation and appropriate equipment of scientific and educational nanotechnological centers of free economic education, which provide training, retraining and advanced training of specialists. This paper presents the classification of the main directions of nanoeducation development in Ukraine and substantiates the expediency of determining their priority and strategic directions. The possibility of expanding the directions of development of textile nanoeducation in Ukraine by: optimizing the structure of the range and properties of certain types of nanotextiles and clothing, improving methods for assessing their quality and safety, expanding the scope. The expediency of unification of requirements to the directions of development of nanotechnologies, nanosciences and nanosciences is substantiated. The directions of staffing the development of nanoeducation in Ukraine by studying the relevant training of specialists in the relevant universities of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine have been studied and substantiated. The need to develop in Ukraine theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of textile nanoeducation has been studied and substantiated. The expediency of creating specialized laboratories for the study of textile nanomaterials for interactive purposes is substantiated.

Readiness of clinical laboratory diagnostics and cardiologists to implement the recommendations of the fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction.

This study describes the problems of the implementation of the fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction in the medical institutions of four cities: Volgograd (with Volzhsky), Yekaterinburg, Perm, Ufa, and districts of the Volgograd region. The multicenter study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire of specialists in cardiology and laboratory services. After a survey of cardiac specialists, it was found that a third of them did not see the benefits of the hs-cTn test recommended for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, and almost half of the specialists surveyed believed that myoglobin was a necessary test for detecting myocardial infarction. Probably, this is due to the fact that 16 clinical diagnostic laboratories from the 5 above regions still perform the determination of myoglobin in patients with suspected myocardial infarction. The material and technical support of medical and diagnostic institutions generally meets the requirements of the fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. However, there is a problem of «qualitative» equipment of the regions of the Volgograd region, since only 3 out of 31 districts declared the possibility of carrying out a quantitative determination of hs-cTn , and qualitative analysis was carried out on platforms that are not monitored by the IFCC. It is worrying that almost half of the specialists of the clinical and diagnostic laboratories of the central district hospitals of the Volgograd region did not indicate the manufacturer of reagents for determining troponins. Thus, in the educational programs of advanced training of specialists in cardiology and laboratory services, it is necessary to include aspects related to the explanation of analytical characteristics, the characteristics of the technology for performing troponin tests and the related interpretation options for the results.

The role of staffing in the context of protection of reproductive health of the younger generation in the Russian Federation

Special attention should be paid to the planning of human resources in health care, since this problem in the healthcare sector is quite urgent at present (there is a gradual decrease in nursing and medical personnel). The purpose of this study is to determine the role of staffing in the context of protection of reproductive health of the younger generation in the Russian Federation. The main analytical base of the research was statistical data and materials of domestic and foreign literary sources, periodicals, including various electronic resources. Research methods included: statistical method, study and generalization of experience, content analysis. In the course of the study, the issues of staffing with specialists in the conditions of protecting the reproductive health of the younger generation in the Russian Federation were analyzed, taking into account comparable indicators in the general structure of medical and mid-level medical personnel of various specialties; the experience of specialists in obstetrics and urological and andrological service has been studied, taking into account the resource capabilities of medical organizations. One of the main directions in the study of reproductive health is timely prevention, especially on the basis of antenatal clinics or health centers, medical prevention centers. Thus, we can conclude that staffing in the framework of the protection of adolescents’ reproductive health plays an important role, while in order to improve the situation with the participation of the state, it is necessary to revise and work out new programs for the development of human resources potential in health care, as well as to create adequate conditions for their implementation at various hierarchical levels of management, including the introduction of additional measures for social support and advanced training of specialists in this profile.

The role of staffing in the context of protection of reproductive health of the younger generation in the Russian Federation

Special attention should be paid to the planning of human resources in health care, since this problem in the healthcare sector is quite urgent at present (there is a gradual decrease in nursing and medical personnel). The purpose of this study is to determine the role of staffing in the context of protection of reproductive health of the younger generation in the Russian Federation. The main analytical base of the research was statistical data and materials of domestic and foreign literary sources, periodicals, including various electronic resources. Research methods included: statistical method, study and generalization of experience, content analysis. In the course of the study, the issues of staffing with specialists in the conditions of protecting the reproductive health of the younger generation in the Russian Federation were analyzed, taking into account comparable indicators in the general structure of medical and mid-level medical personnel of various specialties; the experience of specialists in obstetrics and urological and andrological service has been studied, taking into account the resource capabilities of medical organizations. One of the main directions in the study of reproductive health is timely prevention, especially on the basis of antenatal clinics or health centers, medical prevention centers. Thus, we can conclude that staffing in the framework of the protection of adolescents’ reproductive health plays an important role, while in order to improve the situation with the participation of the state, it is necessary to revise and work out new programs for the development of human resources potential in health care, as well as to create adequate conditions for their implementation at various hierarchical levels of management, including the introduction of additional measures for social support and advanced training of specialists in this profile.

Entrepreneurship in agricultural sector: international practice

The goal- at present there is no clear concept for the long-term development of infrastructure of agro-industrial complex in the republic, and the degree of support for agricultural sector is inferior to the level of advanced countries, which may lead to a restriction of the population's access to quality food. Methods - abstract-logical, monographic, sociological survey, economic-statistical, analytical. Results - the best world practice of rural entrepreneurship was reviewed. The experience of farmers of the Russian Federation, economically developed countries of the EU, Eastern Europe, advanced Asian States, including Japan and South Korea, is presented. It is indicated that the main condition for preservation and multiplication of the achievements of the AIC of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the socio-economic growth of rural settlements. The authors focus on the issue of ensuring food security - one of the main tasks of the economy of each country, the key areas of implementation of which are public support for agricultural sector, improving the quality of life of rural residents. The activity of agricultural producersis analyzed, problems of development of agribusiness in these countries and Kazakhstan are reflected, recommendations for their solution are presented. Conclusions - the following basic factors contributing to the formation and expansion of entrepreneurship in agro-industrial production are highlighted: improvement of the regulatory and investment base; business management, which implies transformation of the structure and advanced training of specialists of enterprises of agro-industrial complex, as well as the heads of peasant (private) farms. Access to markets is a serious problem for small and medium-sized enterprises in agricultural sector, which has a significant impact on the sphere of agricultural production and processing of agricultural products. The research results can be used in the development of measures to support SMEs in agricultural sector at the regional level.

Postgraduate education of ophthalmologists on the basis of the state autonomous health institution "Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Professor Emilian Valentyevich Adamyuk"

The State Autonomous Healthcare Institution "Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Professor Emilian Valentyevich Adamyuk" (hereinafter - RKOB) is a training base for postgraduate training and advanced training of specialists in the field of "Ophthalmology". The study of the specifics of the organization of additional professional training for specialists in the field of "Ophthalmology" at the RSCS became possible after obtaining a license to conduct educational activities in 2019. Educational activities in the RCCH are carried out not only in the form of organizing thematic advanced training courses for ophthalmologists, but also in organizing educational events, each of which is accredited in the CME system. The formation on the basis of the RKOB of a modern educational area of ​​activity with a highly qualified teaching staff and an educational and clinical complex ensures high-quality training of students in advanced training cycles in the system of additional professional education, which is confirmed by the results of final certification and positive feedback from students and employers.

ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ И ПАРАДОКСЫ НОРМАТИВНОЙ БАЗЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ОБЪЕКТОВ КРИТИЧЕСКОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ

Today in Russia the active work is going on the implementation of a relatively new mechanism of state regulation in the field of information security, which is legally defined as ensuring the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure (CII). The subjects of this legislation have carried out a fairly large amount of organizational measures supported by scientific research of domestic and foreign specialists. The paper is devoted to the study of the issues of ensuring the safety of significant CII objects based on a critical system analysis of the regulatory framework and indicating the ambiguity of interpretation and possible options for the practical implementation of the requirements related to a specific field. The high level of tension of discussions in this area at various forums demonstrates that the formation of a new system at the level of individual subjects causes many difficulties and even sometimes leads to rejection of some aspects of regulatory requirements. As a rule, this always happens at the initial stages of the formation of any new system due to ambiguity of the wordings and the presence of significant internal contradictions in certain regulatory acts. One of the significant problems, in our opinion, is a certain misunderstanding, especially in the real sector of the economy, of the need to introduce and the role of a new security mechanism within the overall set of information security measures that have already been implemented in Russia for more than a quarter of a century. Conducting a system analysis of such a problematic situation is especially relevant for the educational community that has already started implementing new training programs of various levels of training, retraining and advanced training of specialists in the field of information security. Based on the description of the evolution of domestic legislation in the field of information security, for the need for a new mechanism of state regulation is justified. Examples of ambiguity and internal contradictions (paradoxes) of some provisions of regulatory legal acts on the safety of CII facilities are given, showing the urgent need for their improvement as well as for additional efforts to interpret the main provisions, based on the principle of a creative approach to explaining complex issues.

Комп’ютерна сценарно-прецедентна технологія тренування енергоменеджерів

The article considers the topical issue of developing simulators for advanced training of specialists in energy efficiency management of industrial enterprises and utilities. The aim of the study is to develop the theoretical foundations of the use of computerized systems for training energy managers. The object of the study is the practical activities of the personnel of the enterprise, aimed at improving the energy efficiency of production systems for various purposes. The research method based on scenario modeling of energy manager actions and precedent modeling of equipment reactions to such actions. The modeling of energy manager actions based on the Deming cycle, and the modeling of reactions of production systems based on cases of quasi-stationary energy consumption of the technologi-cal system. The software platform of the proposed technology consists of a base of precedents for quasistationary energy consumption and software modules that reproduce the PDCA control cycle (Plen-Do-Check-Act). The technology allows to work out the actions of the energy manager aimed at planning energy saving measures and calculating the financial and economic results achieved during their implementation.

История и проблемы подготовки кадров в сфере интеллектуальной собственности в Республике Беларусь

Relevance. In the modern interpretation, intellectual property has an interdisciplinary nature, being a legal and economic category, which determines the complexity of training personnel in the field of intellectual property as one of the key elements in building an innovative economy. Great importance is attached to the solution of this problem in the implementation of the State Program of Innovative Development of the Republic of Belarus and the Strategy of the Republic of Belarus in the field of intellectual property. Methodology: the research is based on general scientific methods of complex and systematic analysis, including the methodology of comparative analysis of international and national experience in the field under study. Results. In a historical aspect, the article describes the experience of the Republic of Belarus in training personnel in the field of intellectual property, identified the main problems at the present stage and proposed a set of measures to solve them. Particular attention is paid to the development and teaching experience of the discipline «Fundamentals of Intellectual Property Management», which was introduced as a mandatory state component in the studying programs of higher educational institutions. Discussion. The study considered content of training programs for training students of the first and second levels of education, retraining on the basis of higher education and advanced training of specialists. The authors proposed and substantiated an approach to the organization of education in the field of intellectual property for economic specialties in the Republic of Belarus. The article concluded that the implementation of a set of proposed measures for the development of a system for training specialists in the field of intellectual property management will make it possible to train personnel for an innovative economy, digital transformation and solve social and economic problems facing the country.

РОЗВИТОК ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ УКРАЇНИ: СВІТОВИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНІ РЕАЛІЇ

This paper seeks to explore the tourism potential as a broad multifaceted concept that covers a range of natural recreational, cultural, historical, organizational and economic indicators that lay the foundation for the development of different types of tourism and the tourism industry overall. The study identifies a set of indicators contributing to the national tourism potential realization and development which specify the geographical location, historical, spatial, natural, economic, political, legal, environmental, demographic, social, cultural, infrastructural, technological, organizational, managerial, innovative and human resources potential. According to the selected indicators, Ukraine has great prospects for boosting its tourism potential, so a SWOT analysis has been delivered. Given the due regard to each of the SWOT analysis component consideration (strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the Ukrainian tourism sector), a conclusion was made that the long-term development of the national tourism should rely on the following critical elements: ensuring investment and innovation in tourism and hospitality; enhancing the transport industry support; training of qualified personnel; normalization of the political, economic and legislative climate; digitalization of communications, etc. that will facilitate effective performance in the tourism sector. It is argued that implementation of innovations and progressive European standards in providing guest and recreational services are crucial in developing a competitive national tourism sector in the international market environment. Among the key strategic goals in enhancing the tourism potential of Ukraine by 2026 are the following: creating a quality tourism product based on effective marketing activities; effective and integrated use of existing tourism capacities and its potential by addressing the issues of nature management and environmental protection as well as improving the tourism infrastructure; updating technical resources and materials; ensuring the compliance between price and quality of tourist products by building a framework to optimize the organizational and economic structure of small and medium-sized businesses, granting tax holidays, green corridors, etc. The study also provides insights into the system of training and advanced training of specialists in the area of tourism and resort management. The findings demonstrate that according to the assessment of tourism and resort development indicators in Ukraine, the current potential in the national tourism sector can ensure raising the flow of international tourists arriving to Ukraine, increasing the number of tourism business entities, growth of revenues to local budgets from tourist tax payments as well as to the consolidated government budget of Ukraine from tourism activities, increasing the number of jobs in the tourism sector along with boosting the number of domestic tourists and holiday makers.

Analysis of natural and technogenic factors on the seismicity of Kryvyi Rih

Information is provided on the number of earthquakes in Kryvyi Rih and their parameters for the period 2007–2018. The types of seismic phenomena, the criteria for their identification are considered. The most probable natural and technogenic factors of the epicenters of local earthquakes are established by analyzing their location and sequence in time from the point of view of the tectonic features of the territory and the nature of the technogenic interference in its structure. The necessity of creating a local seismological network in Kryvyi Rih is substantiated. With a view to predict hazardous seismic phenomena, there is a need to continue hydrogeodynamic monitoring of ground water, to introduce seismic gravity monitoring and to conduct microseismic monitoring at mining enterprises. The results of systematic monitoring shall serve as the basis for seismic microzoning of the city. It is emphasized that popularization and dissemination of knowledge about the seismicity of mining regions among the population shall play an important role in the implementation of this task. The research materials can be used in the master’s degree programme within the framework of higher education system and in advanced training of specialists in the mining industry.

Effect of the scientific and educational space transformation on the system of interacting research libraries in the region

Novosibirsk Region plays the leading role in the structure of the scientific-educational complex of the Siberian Federal District. There are higher educational institutions, hat provide professional training, re-training and advanced training of specialists, as well as scientific-research institutions of the Novosibirsk scientific center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian academy of sciences and institutions of other departments. The scientific and educational space of the region is in constant dynamics. The article objective is to characterize factors effecting the scientific and educational complex development in the region including scientific libraries as a part of its structure, and determine the trends of their further development. The dialectic approach, permitting to view library-information and educational spheres of the large scientific library activity in their unity and inter-conditionality, is the common methodological basis for the research undertaken. The authors identify features of the modern scientific and educational space in Novosibirsk region, its characteristics effect on scientific libraries development, and a number of trends of changing research and student contingents affecting the library and information services of these reading cohorts based on the analysis results of statistical data of regional and federal significance and publications. The integration process of leading universities and research institutions in the region contributes to the development of corporate relations of libraries with different statuses to converge the information support of industrial and disciplinary discourse in the educational and research environment. The authors highlight some trends that promote the changing role of libraries in the scientific and educational space: the mediation function priority between the ever-expanding information space and the society needs, deepening the differentiation of library technologies depending on the status and objectives of scientific libraries; they suggest measures to strengthen regional interlibrary cooperation.

Формування знаннєвих ресурсів системи управління соціально-економічним розвитком регіонів

The processes of formation of knowledge resource of specialists and managers of the regional management system are investigated. It is noted that in modern economic conditions, the knowledge resource is considered as the highest value, the quality of which does not decrease over time, but increases unlike all other types of resources, and without which no process of life in society is not carried out. The research focuses on the knowledge resource of specialists and managers of the management system of socio-economic development of the regions, which are the basic administrative-territorial units, the development of which ensures the development of the country as a whole. The formation of knowledge transfer processes and the organization of their mastery in higher education institutions are considered in relation to the completeness and compliance of this knowledge with the needs of regional management and economic entities of their managed systems. The needs and the list of priority program questions concerning the received knowledge are considered on a professional orientation of use of a knowledge resource. It is proposed to consider the process of mastering it by stages, content of programs, job and qualification requirements for specialists and managers to manage the development of regions. The logistic chain of formation of the process of knowledge acquisition as a knowledge resource of future specialists and managers of the management system is considered taking into account the content of needs of job competencies, requirements of positions, directions, programs and development plans of managed systems. The need to revise the methodology of organization of timely training, retraining and advanced training of specialists by integrating theoretical and practical content of training is emphasized. In the process of training it is proposed to use innovative teaching methods, trainings, master classes with the use of information base on existing and future positions of the planned employment. Requirements for wider application in the process of providing knowledge of smart education opportunities, benchmarking technologies, foresight, methods of innovative and strategic games and gaining experience in teamwork are identified. Suggestions for further development of knowledge management system and accumulation of knowledge resources of regions, technologies of formation and mastering of methods of its use and mastering are given, presented in author's realization of target preparation, retraining and advanced training in system of professional training of heads of system of management of regions.

Educational capital as a basis for formation of labor strategies

On the basis of general scientific dialectical approaches, the article examines the issues of formation and development of educational capital as an integral part of human capital. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the impact of the quality and level of education on the possibility of building labor strategies using the example of employees in healthcare as, as a specific industry in terms of building career trajectories. The features characteristic for formation of the educational capital of medical workers are highlighted. Based on the study of opinions (sociological surveys) of doctors and nurses at metropolitan healthcare organizations, conclusions were drawn: about availability and necessity for them to receive additional education, about the factors affecting the level of professionalism in performing work duties, about the most relevant types of training programs within the framework of continuing medical education, about the career types characteristic of medical personnel. It is shown that healthcare workers who successfully implement their professional labor strategy, as a rule, not only make optimal use of their existing educational capital, but also constantly improve their qualifications on the basis of continuous medical education. There are identified: categories of workers who are most in need of additional training; current directions of educational programs for heads of medical institutions; features of educational and professional trajectories connected with higher nursing education; differences in the opinions of doctors and nurses regarding the necessity and importance of self-education in the process of forming (replenishing) their educational potential. Rapid development of innovative technologies in medicine, which entails the need for advanced training of specialists, requires search for new effective forms of training for healthcare workers.

Дистанционное обучение остаётся востребованным

This year, due to the COVID 19 pandemic, the world faced the urgent issue of mastering new forms of work and training. This also affected the process of improving the qualifications of specialists in the NDT. In a short time, training centers had to master modern technologies for distance learning and testing the knowledge of NDT specialists. The paper considers the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning using the example of advanced training of specialists in the analysis of flaws of multichannel rail flaws. Recommendations for improving the quality of distance learning are given.

Профессиональные кадры в системе ключевых факторов повышения эффективности НГК Ирана

The article discusses the issues related to the training of professional personnel for the oil and gas complex (OGC) of Iran as a key factor in increasing its ego efficiency. The authors analyzed and identified factors for improving the management system and management mechanism in NGK organizations and training highly qualified personnel to increase the efficiency of NGKs, which include attracting foreign investment, optimizing existing resource management, creating an integrated mechanism for developing the potential of the oil and gas complex, determining the priority of the most effective monetization gas, improving global perception and customer base to achieve export goals. Each of the factors is considered from the point of view of its influence on the effectiveness of NGK. The authors of the article conducted a survey of an expert domestic community and identified a structure of factors related to improving the efficiency of planning and organizing management at all levels of management in the field of oil and gas industry. The key factors include professional training and advanced training of specialists, managers and workers in mass professions; formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing the oil and gas complex; import substitution of technologies in the oil and gas complex; international scientific and technical cooperation; optimization of NGC resource management; optimization of marketing in the OGC system. Next, a group of specialists and experts was formed related to the problems of oil business to assess the degree of significance of factors that increase the efficiency of oil and gas operations. The article shows the distribution of places of significance of these factors. It has been revealed that personnel issues, international scientific and technical cooperation and import substitution in terms of specific importance are the most important among the factors considered. The article will be of interest to specialists, managers, executives, as well as researchers in the oil and gas industry.

Development of improved models for pile load bearing capacity, settlement and reliability analysis

Introduction. Safety of operation and durability of pile foundations and structures as a whole depend on the values of load bearing capacity of piles and reliability in the foundation soils. The key problem of pile analysis consists in reliable determination of its load bearing capacity values according to all performance criteria of the first and second groups of limit states, in revealing of reliable values of reliability (operation safety), economic efficiency and profitability.
 Materials and methods. One of the difficulties in detecting the value of the load bearing capacity of friction piles is to determine the values of friction and cohesive forces and their distribution over the side surface of the pile in the foundation soil when the loaded pile is immobilized (at rest).
 Results. Absence of reliable information on actual friction and cohesive force and, consequently, on actual load bearing capacity of a pile in the conditions of immobility does not allow to estimate its quality taking into account assurance of trouble-free operation (reliability) in real operating conditions at the pre-set operating load, it is impossible to predict the durability of a pile, to make a reasonable choice of pile shape and dimensions, etc. Another pile analysis problem is determining the value of pile settlement. The value of pile settlement is in some cases the most important indicator of the facility performance.
 Conclusions. New approaches to the operation of piles in the foundation soil on the basis of modern methods of reliability calculations with limited statistical information about controlled parameters are proposed. Improvement and development of pile calculation methods can be found in the calculation of deep trencher foundations, in the calculation of open caissons and caissons, the development of new statutory documents on pile foundations; as well as during training process of various universities and as a source for advanced training of specialists.

Development of the postgraduate pedagogical education of bukovina of the first half of the XX century

The need for professional staff in the territory of Bukovina appeared immediately at the time of the formation of the system of physical education of students in the mid-nineteenth century. In the content of the «Organizational of High Schools and Real Schools in the Austro-Hungarian Empire», the law of May 14, 1869 declared the official recognition of «physical exercises» as a compulsory subject of teaching. In addition, the decree of the Minister of Religion and Education on the requirements for the procedure for admission of state exams to candidates for the post of teacher of gymnastics (1870) played an important role in the staffing of the system of physical education of Bukovina.It was the lack of professional staff that made public activists to organize various forms of training of gymnastics teachers, general physical training instructors. «Gymnastics-fire» courses, in which popularization the Bukovina press actively participated, were systematically held in the capital of the region. At the request of the system of physical education of all segments of the population of Bukovina in the region, a procedure for training and advanced training of specialists in this field was established. But to combine all forms of advanced training into a single state system, to create an institution that meets the requirements of time, pedagogical provisions became possible only in 40's of the twentieth century. The period of 1938-1939 was the stage of the formation of a system of methodical work with the managerial and pedagogical staff of education of the USSR. The main components of this became: school, shrub methodical associations, pedagogical offices at district departments of public education, institutes of teacher improvement at regional departments of public education.The Institute consisted of nine teaching and training offices, including: pedagogy, elementary classes, Ukrainian and Russian language and literature, foreign languages, history and geography, mathematics and physics, biology and chemistry, physical education, extracurricular education

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ВОЕННО-ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН

The current system of military education of the Republic of Kazakhstan provides for a continuous educational process. It covers five levels: secondary education, technical and vocational, higher education — bachelor's degree, postgraduate education — master's and doctoral studies, as well as additional education — military departments, advanced training of specialists, training and retraining of military-trained reserves. The leading role of the postgraduate level is assigned to the National Defense University named after the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Elbasy. This is the only military educational institution in the system of military education for the education, training and advanced training of higher and senior officers of the Armed Forces, other ministries and departments of the Republic of Kazakhstan, heads and officials of state and executive authorities, enterprises and institutions of the military-industrial complex , officers of foreign armies. The position of a number of Kazakh scientists on the problem of the military education system is not unambiguous. The systematic approach made it possible to reveal the goals and characteristics of the stages of continuous military vocational education. Statistical data show a tendency towards an increase in the number of military departments and military technical schools functioning at present. In our opinion, the main task of continuous military professional education should be considered the formation and development of the image of a modern soldier, who will be distinguished by immense devotion and love for the Motherland, high professionalism, competitiveness, universalism, mobility, creativity, as well as the ability to think outside the box and make decisions quickly. in any environment. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the domestic system of continuous military vocational education in the Republic of Kazakhstan has a fairly well-formed structure, meets international standards and contributes to an increase in the scientific and scientific-pedagogical potential of military personnel.

PREDICTION OF OPERATION LIFE EXTENSION OF HEAT POWER EQUIPMENT

Based on the analysis of known researches, it is revealed that the quantity and accumulation rate of cyclic thermal and dynamic loads in the transient modes of normal operation conditions, when violating normal operation conditions and in accident conditions (except for the nuclear reactor vessel) are the key factors of prediction of operation life extension for a heat power equipment (heat exchangers, pumps, armature). The method for predictive estimation of terms of operation life extension of a heat power equipment depending on stress amplitudes in transient and accident conditions, quantity and accumulation rate of cyclic loads, strength metal parameters of a heat power equipment vessels (except for a reactor vessel) is provided. The method is implemented on the example of steam generators of WWERs and using operational data of South-Ukraine-1 (by 2010). Admissible accumulation rate of cyclic loads during operation life extension by 30, 40 and 50 years is a result. The results define insufficient substantiation of nuclear power plant operation in the “maneuverable” modes with a variable reactor power. In this case, the quantity of cyclic equipment loads increases dramatically, and terms of safe operation are limited. The developed method and the obtained results of prediction of operation life extension of heat power equipment can be used for industry programs to extend the operation of Ukrainian nuclear power plants, as well as to improve the regulatory documents governing the conditions and requirements for acceptable safe extension of the operation life of heat power equipment of nuclear and thermal power enterprises. Further improvement of the method proposed in the work for predicting operation life extension of heat power equipment can be based on the development of methods for analyzing the reliability of heat power equipment and databases on operation disturbances.The materials of the presented work are used in the educational process for the training, retraining and advanced training of specialists in the energy industry.