Addition Of Magnesium Sulfate Research Articles

Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block Using Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine–Magnesium Sulfate as Postoperative Analgesia in Open Appendectomy in Middle Age Group

Abstract Background The QLB is an effective analgesic technique for various abdominal wall incisions. The QLB covers T7 to L1 dermatomes by the spread of LA drugs either into the paravertebral space or in the thoracolumbar plane, through iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves, A and C fiber nociceptors, mechanoreceptors and high-density network of lumbar sympathetic fibers. Objective To assess the analgesic sparing effect of adding magnesium sulfate to Bupivacaine in Quadratus lumborum block in patients undergoing open appendectomy under general anesthesia. Patients and Methods After approval of the anaesthesiology department and scientific and ethical committees, this prospective single blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted in Ain Shams University Hospitals. Sixty patients scheduled for open appendectomy under general anaesthesia were included in this study. Patients were randomized using a random number table and the use of a closed envelopes technique to receive quadratus lumborum either magnesium sulphate and bupivacaine or bupivacaine only, each group constitutes of 30 patients. Results We found that the addition of magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine in QLB in open appendectomy in middle age group provides a prolonged duration of postoperative analgesia, with reduced analgesic requirements, a better quality of analgesia in terms of NRS compared to bupivacaine alone group. Conclusion The addition of magnesium sulfate to Bupivacaine in lateral QLB in open appendectomy surgery provides a prolonged duration of postoperative analgesia, with reduced analgesic requirements, a better quality of analgesia in terms of NRS compared to bupivacaine alone group.

Magnesium Sulfate Versus Lidocaine as an Adjunct for Renal Colic in the Emergency Department: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial

ObjectiveWe wished to determine whether the addition of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) or lidocaine to diclofenac could improve the analgesic efficacy in emergency department (ED) patients with acute renal colic. MethodsIn this prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial of patients aged 18-65 years with suspected acute renal colic, we randomized them to receive 75 mg intramuscular (IM) diclofenac and then either intravenous (IV) MgSO4, lidocaine, or saline control. Subjects reported their pain using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) before drug administration and then 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, and 90 minutes afterwards. Our primary outcome was the proportion of participants achieving at least a 50% reduction in NRS 30 min after drug administration. ResultsWe enrolled 280 patients in each group. A 50% or greater reduction in NRS at 30 minutes occurred in 227 (81.7%) patients in MgSO4 group, 204 (72.9%) in lidocaine group, and 201 (71.8%) in control group, with significant differences between MgSO4 and lidocaine (8.8%; 95% CI [1.89-15.7]; p=0.013) and between MgSO4 and control (9.9%; 95% CI [2.95-16.84]; p=0.004). Despite this, differences between all groups at every time point were below the accepted 1.3 threshold for clinical importance. There were no observed differences between groups in the frequency of rescue analgesics and return visits to the ED for renal colic. There were more adverse events, although minor, in the MgSO4 group. ConclusionAdding intravenous MgSO4, but not lidocaine, to IM diclofenac offered superior pain relief, but at levels below accepted thresholds for clinical importance.

Comparative Study between Rocuronium And Magnesium Sulfate as Adjutants to Regional Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgeries using Peribulbar Block

Abstract Background Peribulbar anesthesia is frequently used in cataract surgeries. Compared to retrobulbar anesthesia, this approach is associated with less significant consequences. However, it has the disadvantages of a slower onset of orbital akinesia and the frequent requirement for block supplementation. Aim of the Work To evaluate the effect of addition of magnesium sulfate and rocuronium to standard local anesthetics mixture on the time of onset of globe and lid akinesia and corneal anesthesia for peribulbar block in ophthalmic surgeries. Patients and Methods This Prospective Double-blinded Randomized Study was carried out in the ophthalmic surgery unit, Ain Shams university hospital from January 2019 to April 2020. After institutional Ethical Board approval and obtaining written informed patients’ consents, 75 patients from both sexes, ASA physical status I-III, aged 40-80 years and having an Axial globe length less than or equals 26 mm scheduled for cataract surgery under peribulbar block were included in the study. Results Our study found statistically significant more rapid onset of action (mean time to start surgery) in rocuronium group (7.00±1.22) than control group and magnesium sulfate group (9.00±1.47 and 9.00±1.15) respectively, (p < 0.001); Moreover, no statistically significant difference was reported between control group and magnesium sulfate group. In addition, no significant difference was reported regarding duration of surgery between groups Conclusion Adding Rocuronium to local anesthetic mixture in peribulbar block during cataract surgery enhances ocular akinesia and corneal anesthesia and reduces the need for supplementary injections with no side effects and that was significantly better than Magnesium sulfate in term of rapid onset and time needed to achieve adequate condition to begin surgery. However, adding Magnesium sulfate showing good results regarding akinesia, corneal anesthesia and need for supplementary injections but it did not significantly fasten the onset of block and hence the time to start surgery.

The Effect of Addition of Magnesium Sulfate on Neutrophil/lymphocyte Ratio in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery Under General Anesthesia

The Effect of Addition of Magnesium Sulfate on Neutrophil/lymphocyte Ratio in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery Under General Anesthesia

To compare the efficacy of ropivacaine alone versus ropivacaine with magnesium sulphate for postoperative analgesia in peripheral nerve stimulator-guided supraclavicular plexus block in upper limb surgeries

Background Postoperative pain management is a crucial part of patient care for surgeries involving the upper limbs. A popular technique for providing both postoperative analgesia and regional anaesthesia is a supraclavicular plexus block guided by a peripheral nerve stimulator. Recent research has demonstrated that the analgesic effect of ropivacaine, a common local anaesthetic, can be enhanced by the addition of magnesium sulphate. The study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of utilising magnesium sulphate in addition to ropivacaine alone for postoperative analgesia in patients having upper limb surgeries under peripheral nerve stimulator-guided supraclavicular plexus block. Methods This protocol outlines a prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial that assesses the efficacy of ropivacaine versus ropivacaine plus magnesium sulphate for analgesia post surgery in patients undergoing upper limb surgeries under the guidance of a peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS). 50 Patients will be included in the study in total, and they will be split into two groups at random. PNS-guided supraclavicular plexus block with ropivacaine alone will be administered to one group, while ropivacaine combined with magnesium sulphate will be administered to the other. Regular monitoring will be done during the postoperative phase to determine pain levels, use of analgesics, motor and sensory blockade, and adverse events. Results The study aims to determine if ropivacaine with magnesium sulphate postoperative analgesia is superior to ropivacaine alone in supraclavicular plexus blocks. The motor and sensory blockade duration, opioid use, and any negative results will be evaluated as secondary outcomes. Statistical analysis will be performed to determine the significance of the differences between the two groups. Conclusion This study protocol compares the effectiveness of ropivacaine alone against ropivacaine with magnesium sulphate in peripheral nerve stimulator-guided supraclavicular plexus block, with the goal of adding to the repository of information on postoperative analgesia in upper limb procedures. The study’s findings could be very helpful in enhancing pain management strategies and enhancing patient outcomes in this context.

Comparative study between rocuronium and magnesium sulfate as adjuvants to local anesthetics for peribulbar block

Background & Objective: Peribulbar anesthesia is frequently used in cataract surgeries. Compared to retrobulbar anesthesia, this approach is associated with less significant consequences. However, the prolonged onset of orbital akinesia and the frequent need for block replenishment are considered drawbacks. We aimed to investigate the impact of adding rocuronium and magnesium sulfate to a commonly used local anesthetic combination on the onset of corneal anesthesia and the degree of lid and globe akinesia during peribulbar block in ocular surgeries.
 Patients and Methods: This prospective double-blinded randomized study was conducted in the ophthalmic surgery operating theater, Ain Shams University Hospital from January 2019 to April 2020. We enrolled 75 patients from both sexes, with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I–III, ages 40-80 y, and an axial globe length less than or equal to 26 mm planned for cataract surgery under peribulbar block in the study following institutional ethical board approval and written informed patient consents. Patients were randomly divided into three groups, 25 patients per group, based on the drugs they received: Group O (control group): received local anesthetic + 0.9% normal saline (1 ml). Group M: received local anesthetic + magnesium sulphate 50 mg in normal saline. Group R: received local anesthetic + rocuronium at a dose of 0.06 mg/kg (maximum 5 mg) in normal saline.
 Results: Our study found statistically significant more rapid onset of action (mean time to start surgery) in rocuronium group (7.00 ± 1.22 min) than control group and magnesium sulfate group (9.00 ± 1.47 and 9.00 ± 1.15 min) respectively, (P < 0.001); Moreover, no significant difference was noted between control group and magnesium sulfate group. In addition, no relevant difference was reported regarding duration of surgery between the groups.
 Conclusion: During cataract surgery, the addition of rocuronium to the local anesthetic mixture in the peribulbar nerve block has been found to enhance ocular akinesia and corneal anesthesia. Furthermore, the use of rocuronium demonstrated a significantly faster onset and shorter time needed to achieve the appropriate conditions to initiate the surgical procedure compared to the use of magnesium sulfate. Addition of magnesium sulfate showed good results regarding akinesia, corneal anesthesia and need for supplementary injections but it did not significantly fasten the onset of block and hence the time to start surgery.
 Key words: Cataract; Magnesium Sulfate; Peribulbar Block; Rocuronium
 Citation: Nagy M, Abo El-Ella S, El-Shafey MA, Helal AM, Zekry MR. Comparative study between rocuronium and magnesium sulfate as adjuvants to local anesthetics for peribulbar block. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(1):55−61; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i1.2157
 Received: February 18, 2023; Reviewed: July 30, 2023; Accepted: December 23, 2023

Effect of i.v. Magnesium Sulphate versus i.v. Dexamethasone on Intraoperative Haemodynamic and Postoperative Analgesia after Spinal Anaesthesia in Lower Limb Surgeries: A Randomised Clinical Study

Introduction: Intrathecal adjuvants have gained favour in recent years with the goal of extending the duration of a block. Among these, Dexamethasone possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic action and can be given as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics to enhance the efficacy of regional anaesthesia, as well as to decrease the intensity of shivering. The addition of Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4 ) to spinal anaesthesia helps in improving postoperative analgesia in an orthopaedic setting. Aim: To compare the effects of Intravenously (i.v.) MgSO4 and i.v. dexamethasone on intraoperative haemodynamics, the time to achieve dermatome T10 intraoperatively, and to compare postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores between the two groups at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical trial was conducted, and patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group M (n=40): MgSO4 40 mg/kg given 15 minutes before spinal anaesthesia in 100 mL normal saline infusion i.v. Group D (n=40): Dexamethasone 8 mg given 15 minutes before spinal anaesthesia in 100 mL normal saline infusion i.v. The parameters assessed included haemodynamic parameters, time to achieve dermatome T10 intraoperatively, postoperative VAS score at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery, and any side-effects like sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, bradycardia, and hypotension. Statistical testing was conducted using the statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 28.0. Results: There was no significant difference in demographic variables (age and gender) between the two groups (p-value>0.05). However, the decrease in mean heart rate, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) was greater in group D compared to group M at different time intervals (p-value<0.05). Additionally, dermatome level T10 was achieved earlier in group D by approximately two minutes compared to group M (6.95±0.39 minutes versus 5.03±0.16 minutes, respectively, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: An i.v. infusion of 8 mg dexamethasone in 100 mL normal saline was more effective compared to an i.v. infusion of 40 mg/kg MgSO4 in terms of achieving more stable haemodynamics intraoperatively and achieving the T10 dermatome level earlier.

Magnesium sulphate in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (MAGMAT): a randomised, double-blind, superiority trial.

Studies have suggested benefits from magnesium sulphate in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). We aimed to measure the effects of magnesium sulphate supplementation on TTP recovery. In this multicenter, randomised, double-blind, controlled, superiority study, we enrolled adults with a clinical diagnosis of TTP. Patients were randomly allocated to receive magnesium sulphate (6g intravenously followed by a continuous infusion of 6g/24h for 3days) or placebo, in addition to the standard treatment. The primary outcome was the median time to platelet normalisation (defined as a platelet count ≥ 150 G/L). Efficacy and safety were assessed by intention-to-treat. Overall, we enrolled 74 participants, including one who withdrew his/her consent. Seventy-three patients were further analyzed, 35 (48%) allocated to magnesium sulphate and 38 (52%) to placebo. The median time to platelet normalisation was 4days (95% confidence interval [CI], 3-4) in the magnesium sulphate group and 4days (95% CI 3-5) in the placebo group. The cause-specific hazard ratio of response was 0.93 (95% CI 0.58-1.48, p = 0.75). The number of patients with ≥ 1 serious adverse reactions was similar in the two groups. By day 90, four patients in the magnesium sulphate group and two patients in the placebo group had died (p = 0.42). The most frequent adverse event was low blood pressure occurring in 34% in the magnesium sulphate group and 29% in the placebo group (p = 0.80). Among patients with TTP, the addition of magnesium sulphate to the standard of care did not result in a significant improvement in time to platelet normalisation.

Effect of shading and fertilization with iron and sulfur on some vegetative growth and leaves mineral content of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.

This study was conducted in a glass house, Dept of Hort. and Landscape, College of Agriculture, Univ. Anbar, during the 2021-2022 growing season, to investigate the influence of shading and fertilization on the growth and leaf mineral content of gardenia plants. This study included two factors: two levels of shading at 0 (S0), shading 50 % (S1) and four treatments of fertilizations, control (F0), chelated iron spray at 2 ml.L-1 (F1), addition of magnesium sulfate to pots at 7 gm.plant-1 (F2) and chelated iron spray at 2 ml.L-1 + addition of magnesium sulfate to pots at 7 gm.plant-1 (F3) and their interaction. Treatments were replicated three times at Split plots design (Shading is the main plot) in an RCBD. The number of plants used was 36 plants. The results showed that interaction treatment (S1F3) significantly increased the plant height by 6.517 cm, the highest increase in shoot length of 11.267 cm, and the number of 94.107 leaves.plant-1 , highest leaf area of 9437.463 cm2 , highest leaf nitrogen content of 1.877 % and highest leaf potassium content of 0.561 %, while lower values of these traits were in interaction treatment (S0F0). Keywords: iron, sulfur, vegetative growth, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis

The Effect of Adding Magnesium Sulphate to Epidural Bupivacaine Compared to the Addition of Fentanyl to Epidural Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Lower Limb and Pelvic Orthopedic Surgery under Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia

Abstract Background Epidural anesthesia is safe and inexpensive technique with the advantage of providing surgical anesthesia and prolonged postoperative pain relief. Research continues concerning different techniques and drugs that could provide better surgical anesthesia and postoperative pain relief. Aim of the Work to investigate how the addition of magnesium sulphate to 0.5% bupivacaine affects duration, quality, complications and dermatome spread of anesthesia in comparison to fentanyl. Patients and Methods The current study included 50 patients who had been scheduled to undergo lower limb or pelvic orthopedic surgery under combined spinal - epidural anesthesia. The study had been done after approval of the local ethics committee and after obtaining written informed consent from all patients enrolled in the study; which had been held at Ain Shams Hospital, Faculty of Medicine. Results Pain assessment using VAS showed no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups in the first and second hours postoperative. Starting from the third hour statistical significant differences were observed between the two groups, VAS was higher in groups (M) than in group (F); (1.82 ±0.6 vs. 1.42 ±0.4 in both groups respectively. At the fourth hour; VAS was higher in groups (M) than in group (F); (2.80±0.8 vs. 1.76 ± 0.6 in both groups respectively. The incidence of complications was significantly lower among group (M) where 52% of patients had no complications at all. Conclusion the use of both magnesium and fentanyl as adjuvants to local anesthetics in epidural anesthesia is safe and effective. No significant differences regarding quality of motor block and hemodynamics. But the study shows that fentanyl is significantly a better adjuvant regarding postoperative analgesia and time for first analgesic dose. While magnesium is a significantly better adjuvant regarding complications such as nausea, vomiting and pruritis.

The effect of addition of magnesium sulfate or dexamethasone to bupivacaine on the post-operative analgesic duration of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block in open abdominal surgeries: a comparative study

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of addition of 500-mg magnesium sulfate (MgSo4) or 8-mg dexamethasone to bupivacaine in bilateral ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB), on the duration of post-operative analgesia, the patient’s hemodynamic parameters, the severity of post-operative pain, number of patients who required rescue analgesia, the total dose of pethidine given, the number of patients who maintained post-operative analgesia for 36 h, and the time to first ambulation. Sixty-six patients, 18 to 65 years old, with body weight 60–90 kg, scheduled to undergo elective open abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into three equal groups: the Bupivacaine-Magnesium QLB group (BM) patients, the Bupivacaine-Dexamethasone QLB group (BD) patients, and the Bupivacaine-Saline QLB group (BS) patients.ResultsThe post-operative visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and with movement was comparable between patients in the three groups: upon arrival to the post-operative care unit (PACU), in the PACU, and in the post-operative 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 36 h. At 30 post-operative hours, the VAS at rest and with movement was statistically significantly lower in group BD 2 (0–4) and 2.75 (2–4.5) than in group BM 2.25 (0–4) and 3 (0–4.5), than in group BS 3.25 (3–4) and 4 (3.5–5), respectively, with P-value ˂ 0.001. Although 100% of patients in group BS received pethidine, versus 68.2% of patients in group BM and 63.6% of patients in group BD, with P-value 0.007, the cumulative total pethidine doses given, the duration of post-operative analgesia, and the number of patients who maintained post-operative analgesia for 36 h were comparable between the three groups with P-value 0.170, 0.239, and 0.231, respectively.ConclusionsIn bilateral ultrasound-guided QLB in open abdominal surgeries, the addition of dexamethasone or MgSo4 to bupivacaine reduced the VAS scores and the number of patients experiencing moderate pain at 30 post-operative hours, with fewer patients receiving pethidine and less cumulative total pethidine doses given, with dexamethasone showing better results.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EPIDURAL BUPIVACAINE WITH MAGNESIUM SULPHATE AND LEVOBUPIVACAINE WITH MAGNESIUM SULPHATE IN GERIATRIC AGE GROUP IN LOWER LIMB SURGERIES

Introduction :Bupivacaine is local anaesthetic drug consist of R & S enantiomers. Levobupivacaine a cardiostable S enantiomer of Bupivaciane. Magnesium sulphate a promising noncompititive blocker of NMDA receptor by inhibition calcium Inux in cell. We want to study addition of Magnesium Sulphate to both Bupivacaine 0.5% & Levobupivacaine 0.5% for epidural anaesthesia in lower limb surgeries. to compare efcacy of epidural Inj. Bupivac Aims & Objectives: aine 0.5% plus Magnesium sulphate with Inj. Levobupivacaine 0.5% plus Magnesium Sulphate on onset of sensory & motor blockade, intraoperative hemodynamics , requirement of rst analgesiac & side effects in elderly patients posted for lower limb surgeries. A randomised prospective double blind Material and Method: study in 60 geriatric patient posted for lower limb surgeries. After epidural space identication Inj. Bupivacaine 0.5% 14 ml + 50mg MgSo4 in 1 ml NS in group B or Inj. Levobupivacaine 0.5% 14 ml + 50mg MgSo4 in 1 ml NS in group L. Onset of sensory blockade and motor blockade, two segment regression, demand of rst analgesic, intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative complications were documented and compared Observation: Mean time required for onset of sensory block was 6.27±1.48 min in Group B and 6.3±1.76 min in group L respectively. onset motor block times of 7.43±1.38 in group B while 8.13±1.81 mins in group L which were No statistically signicant difference. Group L required 20.1±4.87 mins for reaching maximum sensory block compared to 13.33±2.17 mins in group B which was statistically signicant difference with early achievement of higher sensory level in group B. The time required for two segment regression was longer, at 133±19.01 minutes in group B compared to 114.47±10.28 minutes in the group L which found statistically signicant difference. Group B required rst analgesics quite latter 241.33±29.39 at mins compared to 203±20.54 mins in group L. This was found to be statistically signicant difference indicating that Bupivacaine is having longer duration of analgesia compared to Levobupivacaine. 3 patients had hypotension in group while 1 in group L. Shivering noticed 6 in Group L compared to 3 in group B. vomiting in 3 patients in each group.only 1 patient had itching in group b. Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters were having statistically insignicant difference. Conclusion: We can conclude that effect of Magnesium sulphate as an additive to Levobupivacaine and Bupivacaine provide good haemodynamic and respiratory stability, Comparable onset of sensory and motor blockade with prolongation of postoperative analgesia in bupivacaine group indicating that Bupivacaine with Magnesium sulphate provides prolonged analgesia as compared to Levobupivacaine with Magnesium Sulphate.

Effects of magnesium sulfate on periarticular infiltration analgesia in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial

BackgroundTo investigate whether adding magnesium sulfate to a periarticular infiltration analgesia (PIA) cocktail could improve pain control and functional outcomes in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsNinety patients were randomly assigned to the magnesium sulfate and control groups, with 45 patients in each group. In the magnesium sulfate group, patients were given a periarticular infusion of a cocktail of analgesics consisting of epinephrine, ropivacaine, magnesium sulfate, and dexamethasone. The control group received no magnesium sulfate. The primary outcomes consisted of visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores, postoperative morphine hydrochloride consumption for rescue analgesia, and time to first rescue analgesia. Secondary outcomes were postoperative inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6 and CRP), postoperative length of stay, and knee functional recovery (assessed by knee range of motion, quadriceps strength, daily mobilization distance, and time to first straight-leg raising). Tertiary outcomes included the postoperative swelling ratio and complication rates.ResultsWithin 24 h of surgery, patients in the magnesium sulfate group had markedly lower VAS pain scores during motion and at rest. After the addition of magnesium sulfate, the analgesic effect was dramatically prolonged, leading to a reduction in morphine dosage within 24 h and the total morphine dosage postoperatively. Postoperative inflammatory biomarker levels were significantly reduced in the magnesium sulfate group compared with the control. There were no considerable differences between the groups in terms of the postoperative length of stay and knee functional recovery. Both groups had similar postoperative swelling ratios and incidences of complications.ConclusionsThe addition of magnesium sulfate to the analgesic cocktail for PIA can prolong postoperative analgesia, decrease the consumption of opioids, and effectively alleviate early postoperative pain after TKA.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200056549. Registered on 7 February 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=151489.

Effect of Addition of Magnesium Sulphate to Fentanyl and Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia for Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Randomised Clinical Study

Introduction: Subarachnoid block is the most acceptable and popular mode of anaesthesia for gynaecological surgeries. Addition of opioids to intrathecal bupivacaine is routinely practised. Magnesium sulphate (MgSo4 ), when used intrathecally has an advantage in preventing central sensitisation to peripheral nociceptive pain because it is an N-Methyl-DAspartate Receptor (NMDA) antagonist. Aim: To find out the efficacy of MgSO4 as intrathecal additive to combination of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine in prolonging duration of analgesia. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical study was done between June 2022 to November 2022 in women of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II aged 50 to 70 years scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia. They were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each (group ‘S’ and group ‘M’). Group ‘S’ received spinal anaesthesia with 3 mL (15 mg) of hyperbaric bupivacaine, 0.5 mL (25 µg) of Fentanyl and 0.1 mL of 0.9% normal saline while group ‘M’ received 3 mL of hyperbaric bupivacaine, 0.5 mL (25 µg) of Fentanyl and 0.1 mL (50 mg) of 50% MgSO4 intrathecally. End points of observation were time for onset of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Results: Demographic profile was comparable between both the groups. Delay in onset of sensory block was observed in group ‘M’ (9±0.68 minutes) compared to group ‘S’ (4.88±0.47 minutes) (p<0.001). Similarly, onset of motor blockade too was delayed in group ‘M’ (11.92±0.71 minutes) compared to group ‘S’ (6.83±0.65 minutes) (p<0.001). Postoperative analgesia was significantly prolonged in group ‘M’ (262±8.3 minutes) compared to group ‘S’ (235±12.3 minutes) with a p-value of <0.001. Haemodynamic profile and side-effects showed no significant difference between both the groups. Conclusion: Addition of MgSO4 (50 mg) to combination of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine when given intrathecally prolongs the duration of spinal analgesia significantly in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy without significant side-effects.

Varietal features of elements of organic soybean cultivation technology

A reliable element of the technology for growing environmentally friendly products of early-ripening soybean varieties, and improving soil fertility, is the introduction of environmentally friendly growing technology based on the optimal functioning of the symbiotic system, without using mineral fertilisers, in particular nitrogen and pesticides. The purpose of the research was to explore the effect of inoculation of seeds of diverse soybean varieties with nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-mobilising preparations, foliar fertilisation and their combination on growth, plant development and productivity under organic cultivation technology. The research was conducted using generally accepted methods, the field method, and the method of statistical evaluation of results. Experimental studies have established that with the introduction of high-yielding soybean varieties, using post-harvest residues (straw, stubble and root residues), green manure and legumes in a short rotation crop rotation, 136 kg of nitrogen and 142 kg of biologically fixed nitrogen enters the soil. It was demonstrated that seed treatment with AgriBacter inoculant and soybean fertilisation with Nanovit Super complex fertiliser ensures a yield of 4.08 t/ha for Mentor and leaves almost 30% of biological nitrogen in the soil. Studies have demonstrated that an integrated approach to the treatment of soybean seeds of the tested varieties with AgriBacter and Phosphoenterin inoculants, a strain of bacteria that decomposes hardly soluble organic phosphates, which in turn contributes to better nutrition of soybean plants, development of the root system, and has a positive effect on the development of an optimal stem density of 410-490 thousand units/ha, which provides an increase in the yield of soybean varieties by 1.88 t/ha. It was established that simultaneous inoculation of seeds and foliar feeding of soybeans with the biologically active complex Nanoactiv with the addition of magnesium sulfate in the macrostage BBCH 60-63 provides the highest yield of Niagara variety – 4.08 t/ha and Astor variety – 2.88 t/ha. Thus, in a shortrotation 4-season crop rotation saturated with legumes, using nitrogenfixing, phosphorus-mobilising preparations and the active growth stimulator Nanovit Super + Magnesium sulfate, soil fertility increases and the nitrogen content in the soil doubles. The scientific results can become the foundation for improving soil fertility, which will ensure sustainable yields in organic soybean cultivation

Republication de : Addition of magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine improves analgesic efficacy after tonsillectomy: A randomized trial and a CONSORT analysis

Republication de : Addition of magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine improves analgesic efficacy after tonsillectomy: A randomized trial and a CONSORT analysis

Evaluation of analgesia by epidural Fentanyl and MgSO4 with Fentanyl for postoperative analgesia in patients of lower abdominal surgeries

Background: The addition of Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) to postoperative Fentanyl Epidural infusions has been demonstrated to reduce the requirement for Fentanyl. Methodology: Group I (38 patients) got Epidural Fentanyl 50 mg (1 cc) diluted and made up to 6 cc with normal saline, whereas Group II (38 patients) received Epidural Fentanyl 50 μg (1 cc) + MgSO4 50 mg (4 units in insulin syringe of 50% solution) diluted and made up to 6 cc with normal saline. The effects of analgesia on pulse rate and blood pressure were measured as well as the duration of analgesia. Results: In this study, an average age of the study population was 41.25 ± 3.25 years in Group I and 42.14 ± 4.42 years in Group II. The pulse rate in Group-I increased significantly from 105 minutes compared to Group-II, whereas it remained steady in Group-II throughout the research duration. Systolic BP increased significantly in Group-I after 90 minutes compared to Group-II, but remained steady in Group-II. SPO2 and respiratory rates did not differ significantly.Conclusion: Adding magnesium sulphate to fentanyl in epidural analgesia increased the duration of analgesia while maintaining hemodynamic stability.

Crescimento e qualidade de cebolinha em sistema hidropônico com concentrações de sulfato de magnésio

ABSTRACT Chives are popular herbs, and highly appreciated by consumers. The experiment was conducted in the period from September to November 2020 in a greenhouse, located at the Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, physiological responses, and quality attributes of chives grown in hydroponic systems containing different concentrations of magnesium sulfate. The experimental design was randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of a standard solution with the addition of magnesium sulfate at the following doses (g/L): standard solution 0.4; 0.42, 0.44; 0.46, and 0.48, with four repetitions per treatment. The analyzed variables were physiological indicators and growth; physical-chemical characteristics and nutrient content in tissues. The dose of 0.48 g/L resulted in the highest number of leaves (47.3) and contributed to 44% reduction in leaf drop, thereby positively influencing growth with higher fresh mass (231.40 g/plant). The relative chlorophyll index (58.64) obtained at 0.48 g/L dose revealed an increase in the chlorophyll content and, consequently, in the green color of the plants, with °hue angle of 140.54. Greener leaves is a visual aspect preferred by consumers. In addition, the higher concentration of magnesium sulfate provided 50.7% increase in the content of soluble solids and 50.6% rise in phenolic compounds. The dose of 0.48 g/L magnesium sulfate contributed to reduced leaf fall, improved visual appearance, greater bioactive compounds, and enhanced leaf sweetness to meet the quality standards that consumers expect for this condiment.

Does the Addition of Magnesium Sulfate to Continuous Femoral Block in Knee Arthroplasty Decrease Postoperative Analgesic Requirements?

Does the Addition of Magnesium Sulfate to Continuous Femoral Block in Knee Arthroplasty Decrease Postoperative Analgesic Requirements?

The Effect of Doping High Volume Magnesium Sulfate on Properties of Magnesium Oxychloride Cement

The composite gelling system of chlorine and magnesium thioxide was prepared by mixing different mass fractions of magnesium sulfate solution into MOC. Detailed studies regarding the influences of magnesium sulfate replacing magnesium chloride on the setting time, compressive strength, and water resistance of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) have been carried out in this paper. The phase composition and micro morphology of the hydration products in the mixed system were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The results show that the addition of magnesium sulfate prolongs the setting time and reduces the compressive strength of the mixed MOC. Compared with the primordial MOC system, the water resistance of the mixed system improved, with the mixed system exhibiting optimal water resistance when the mass fraction of magnesium sulfate was 30%. The phases of the mixed system were composed of 5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O and 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·7H2O phases. The microscopic morphology shows that the interior of air-cured MOC was composed of a large number of needle-like crystals, and continuous crystal structures have close contact and a strong bonding force. Cracks and pores appear on the surface after submerging in water, and the crystallization state of the internal crystals becomes worse. The compressive strength and water stability of MOC were closely related to the crystal morphology.