Addition Errors Research Articles

Kesalahan Penerjemahan Bahasa Indonesia-Bahasa Arab (Studi Kasus Hasil Terjemahan Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIDA Blokagung Banyuwangi)

The aim of this study is to identify and describe the errors in the translation of the Indonesian language into Arabic and the causes that occurred in the results of the translations of Indonesians-Arabic texts by students of the Arabic Language Education Institute of Islamic Religion Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi. This type of research is qualitative research. This research data is obtained from the translations of the students taken using analytical techniques. After the translation results are obtained, then the error identification, error classification and error reconstruction is carried out. The results of this research are, the forms of errors that occur in the students' translations are word selection errors, word deletion errors, word addition errors and word form errors. As for the cause of the error, there are two factors underlying the occurrence of the errors found, interlingual transfer and intralingual transfer.

An Analysis Of Students Grammatical Error In Writing Descriptive Paragraph Made By The Eighth Grade Students Of Smp Negeri 2 Karanganyar

English is taught as a compulsory subject in junior high school, senior high school and also in universities for several terms. So that the students must have English skill. There are differences of rule and structure in English and Indonesian. For instance, in Indonesian here is no change in verb and it is very different with English. Mostly, Indonesian is still influenced by their mother tongue on the approach to the target language (English). Therefore, this research aimed to find out the student’s grammatical error in writing descriptive paragraph. The objectives of this research are as follows: 1) To find the students grammatical error in writing descriptive paragraph made by the eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Karanganyar. 2) To find out and give image to readers of the most frequent errors that the students do in writing descriptive paragraph made by the eighth grade of SMP Negeri 2 Karanganyar. This research was presented using descriptive qualitative research method. The researchers used a documentation as instrument for collecting the data. The researchers took one assignment in students’ English task books. In collect data, the researchers did some steps. 1) Ask for permission to the teacher for taking documentation the students’ tasks. 2) Consulting the task to the teacher. 3) Giving the task. 4) Analysing the student tasks. 5) Getting the data. The data was collected on 14th June 2021. The population of this study was taken from the eighth-grade students SMP Negeri 2 Karanganyar and the researchers took five class (VIII A, VIII B, VIII C, VIIID, and VIIIE) as the subject. The sample was taken by using purposive sampling technique. The class consisted of 30 students. The result of this research shows that the total errors are 100%. It means that the grammatical error in writing descriptive paragraph made by the eighth grade of SMP Negeri 2 Karanganyar is on less sufficient level. The percentage of students’ grammatical error in types of omission (29,5%), error of addition (16,7%), error of misformation (44,9%) and error of misordering (8,9%). Based on the result of the research, it is suggested that the eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Karanganyar should be given more explanation and exercise in writing descriptive paragraph. Keywords: Error Analysis, Grammatical Error, Paragraph, Writing

Comparison of dynamic tumor tracking error measurement methods for robotic radiosurgery.

Dynamic tumor motion tracking is used in robotic radiosurgery for targets subject to respiratory motion, such as lung and liver cancers. Different methods of measuring tracking error have been reported, but the differences among these methods have not been studied, and the optimal method is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare tracking errors encountered with individual patients using different evaluation methods for method optimization. We compared the beam's eye view (BEV), machine learning (ML), log (addition error: AE), and log (root sum square: RSS) methods. Log (AE) and log (RSS) were calculated from log files. These tracking errors were compared, and the optimal evaluation method was ascertained. A t-test was performed to evaluate statistically significant differences. Here, the significance level was set at 5%. The mean values of BEV, log (AE), log (RSS), and ML were 2.87, 3.91, 2.91, and 3.74mm, respectively. The log (AE) and ML were higher than BEV (p<0.001), and log (RSS) was equivalent to the BEV, suggesting that the log (RSS) calculated with the log file method can substitute for the BEV calculated with the BEV method. As RSS error calculation is simpler than BEV calculation, using it may improve clinical practice throughput. This study clarified differences among three tracking error evaluation methods for dynamic tumor tracking radiotherapy using a robotic radiosurgery system. The log (RSS) calculated by the log file method was found to be the best alternative to BEV method, as it can calculate tracking errors more easily than the BEV method.

A Study on Error Analysis by Re-entry Overseas Korean Learners

This study aims to identify the interlanguage used by overseas Koreans who re-entered Korea for the purpose of studying Korean and entering domestic college through the methodology of error analysis. In particular, this study intends to systematically analyze the Korean language errors of overseas Koreans according to proficiency variables (beginner, intermediate, and advanced) and discourse medium variables (written and spoken language). To this end, this study made a well-balanced corpus of overseas Korean learners with 13,238 words. The results of this study are as follows: First, as a result of the distribution of relative error frequency, the frequency of errors increases as the proficiency increases, and the frequency of errors in written discourse are about five times higher than in spoken discours. Second, as a result of analyzing the frequency of errors by error location, the errors of general nouns shows the highest frequency even in advanced levels without decreasing. Also, the subjective marker was not a top 5 error in the written discourse, although it was a top 2 error in the spoken discourse. Third, as a result of analyzing the frequency of errors by error type, replacement errors were the most common, which was followed by misform, Addition, and Omission errors. At the intermediate level, the replacement error decreased, while the misform error increased. While the misform errors are rather reduced in spoken discourse, addition and omission errors appear more frequently than in written discourse.

Incongruence in the phylogenomics era.

Genome-scale data and the development of novel statistical phylogenetic approaches have greatly aided the reconstruction of a broad sketch of the tree of life and resolved many of its branches. However, incongruence - the inference of conflicting evolutionary histories - remains pervasive in phylogenomic data, hampering our ability to reconstruct and interpret the tree of life. Biological factors, such as incomplete lineage sorting, horizontal gene transfer, hybridization, introgression, recombination and convergent molecular evolution, can lead to gene phylogenies that differ from the species tree. In addition, analytical factors, including stochastic, systematic and treatment errors, can drive incongruence. Here, we review these factors, discuss methodological advances to identify and handle incongruence, and highlight avenues for future research.

Analyzing 7th Graders' Simple Present Errors in Descriptive Writing

&#x0D; &#x0D; This study aims to investigate the dominant errors in the use of the simple present tense by seventh grade students when writing descriptive texts. The qualitative research method was employed, utilizing data analysis techniques to process the collected information. The population consisted of 45 students from two different classes at SMP Muhammadiyah 10, with 37 students' exercise results being analyzed. The data was obtained from students' written compositions in which they employed the simple present tense to describe various subjects. The findings revealed four major error types: omission (46.90%), addition (16.04%), misformation (27.16%), and misordering (9.90%). Among these, omission errors were the most prevalent, comprising 38 errors or 46.90% of the total. The results emphasize the need for targeted instruction and practice to enhance students' mastery of the simple present tense in writing descriptive texts, thereby improving their overall English language proficiency.&#x0D; &#x0D; Highlights:&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Error analysis: Identifying and analyzing errors in the use of simple present tense in descriptive texts.&#x0D; Seventh grade students: Evaluating the proficiency of students in using the simple present tense.&#x0D; Qualitative method: Employing a qualitative approach to gather and analyze data on error patterns in descriptive writing.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: simple present tense, descriptive texts, error analysis, seventh grade students, qualitative method.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Analyzing Errors: An Examination of Simple Present Tense Usage in Descriptive Text

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This study investigates the common errors made by students when using the simple present tense in writing descriptive texts. The aim of the study is to identify the specific types of errors that occur and to explore the factors contributing to these mistakes. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative method to gather data, employing a written test as the data collection tool. To categorize the errors, a surface strategy taxonomy is utilized, which includes four categories: omission, addition, misformation, and misorder. By analyzing the collected data, a total of 214 errors were identified, with 95 instances of omission errors, 22 addition errors, 75 formation errors, and 22 ordering errors. The findings highlight that the most prevalent type of error made by students is omission, while misformation, misorder, and addition errors are relatively less frequent. In addition to error analysis, the study explores the reasons underlying these errors, particularly focusing on interlingual and intralingual transfer. Interlingual transfer refers to the influence of a student's first language on their second language usage, while intralingual transfer refers to the influence of existing knowledge and patterns within the second language itself. These factors contribute to the occurrence of errors in the simple present tense usage within descriptive texts.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

ANALISIS KESALAHAN PENULISAN SOKUON DAN YO’ON PADA ANGGOTA KLUB BAHASA JEPANG MAN 2 KOTA MALANG

The purpose of this research is to describe the errors in writing yo'on and sokuon in noun vocabulary made by Japanese language club members of MAN 2 Malang City. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research method and the data analysed are the test results. The data analysis in this study was classified using Tarigan's theory of errors according to the perspective of surface tactics. This research was conducted against the background of several errors found in the writing of vocabulary in hiragana letters by students. This study focused on examining errors in the forms of yo'on and sokuon in noun vocabulary. Based on the test results that have been analysed, yo'on form errors are more common than sokuon form errors. Out of 5 vocabularies of yo'on form, in all vocabularies, there are some students who make mistakes in each vocabulary item. While from 5 vocabularies of sokuon form, students only made mistakes in 2 vocabularies, the other 3 vocabularies all students answered correctly. Then the type of error that is often made by students is the type of wrong formation error. From the results that have been analysed, there are 14 forms of wrong formation errors (misformation), while there are only 2 forms of omission errors (omission) and 1 form of addition error (addition).

Evaluating blockchain as a participatory organisational system: looking for transaction efficiency

AbstractThe article presents a decision‐making model that can be used with blockchain technology. Blockchain is used as an alternative transaction mechanism to authority and the market, where the decision is decentralised within the organisation. Thus, the process is parameterised around the acceptance or not of a project, depending on individual levels of expertise, consensus level and including deliberation time. In addition, commission and omission errors are also evaluated. We show that this technology should be imposed naturally because, at the same level of information, it can obtain better results than any other decision mechanism in a systematic way. In addition, the blockchain ensures that both commission errors and omission errors are reduced with decision times that do not increase the expected opportunity loss on omission errors.

Big data in oncology: Challenges and solutions.

6513 Background: Oncology care is complex and often multimodal. With recent technological advances, only a fraction of data is structured feasibly for research. Here we present a step-by-step method of building a novel comprehensive pan-cancer oncology data model using standard data definitions and industry-standard benchmarks. Methods: A team of 133 members was assembled including a project manager, bioinformatic engineers, business analysts, biostatisticians, data stewardship experts, clinical curators, and quality assurance (QA) managers. We first identified data domains that capture a comprehensive patient journey, leveraging existing oncology data models as a starting point, including NAACCR, PRISSMM (Deb Schrag &amp; Eva Lepisto), and mCODE (ASCO). A common data model was developed using standard terms plus 5-10 disease specific elements (DSE). REDCap was used as the database platform, as it is HIPAA compliant and allows customizations. The data was stored in AuroraDB using an architecture and products that provide scalability from both an integration and consumption perspective. Results: We identified 10 data domains, including 186 distinct elements: demographics (20), comorbidities (2); cancer diagnosis &amp; staging (27), pathology (45), imaging (18), medications (11), oncology responses (11), radiation treatments (14), cancer surgeries (11), cancer genomic (19), tumor markers (8), and vitals (8). Standard ontologies were used, including ICD-0-3 histology codes, ICD-10 comorbidities codes, CPT cancer surgeries codes, and CTCAE 5.0 for toxicities. We identified a data steward for each tumor type across medical oncology, surgery, pathology, radiology, and radiation oncology domains who aided curator training and the identification of DSE. QA managers and analysts performed 20% source data verification. In addition, we built REDCap rules (applicable across a form), and complex queries (applicable across multiple forms). To support QA and clinical engagement, interactive Tableau dashboards were constructed. In addition, timing and quality errors were monitored via Tableau dashboards at the individual curator level to provide timely feedback, leading to improved data quality and curation efficiency in real time. The Medical oncology and radiology domains were the most time-consuming, whereas Cancer diagnosis was the most difficult to curate. Conclusions: We collected genomic and phenomic data for 15,579 patients across six tumor types to date. Collecting comprehensive oncology data across tumor types is possible but requires institutional support, collaboration between clinical &amp; informatics teams, and a dedicated QA team. [Table: see text]

Integration of machine learning models and metaheuristic algorithms for predicting compressive strength of waste granite powder concrete

The utilization of Granite Powder (GP), a by-product of granite processing, has arisen great attention due to environmental challenge posed by its casual disposal. To promote reasonable use of GP in concrete and obtain optimal ratio design of Granite Powder Concrete (GPC), this study explored four advanced machine learning models (Support Vector Machine (SVM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Random Forest (RF), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)) integrated with two novel metaheuristic algorithms (Salp Swarm Algorithms (SSA) and Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO)) to predict the compressive strength of GPC. The models consider seven effect factors on the compressive strength: cement, water, fine aggregate, granite powder, superplasticizer, coarse aggregates, and curing age. The comprehensive score ranking system was utilized four evaluation metrics to assess models’ performance: Coefficient of Determination (R2), Variance Accounted For (VAF), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Square Error (MSE). In addition, Taylor diagrams and Regression Error Characteristic (REC) curves were used to compare the performance of the models. The results showed that the XGB-based hybrid model outperformed the other methods, with an optimal model of ALO-XGB achieving a high level of accuracy in predicting compressive strength. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between various factors and their effect on the mechanical properties of GPC, which can inform the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly building materials.

Error analysis in social media caption: a study on Instagram

Many people idolize using English captions on their social media. However, some of them create errors in writing the caption. This error can cause misinterpretation by the reader. On this basis, the researchers aim to analyse the writing mistake in social media captions. The selected social media in this research was Instagram. The researchers conducted research over several months. This research was conducted by following descriptive qualitative research, in which the respondents were young adults of Instagram Users from Sintang. This research was conducted by analysing the mechanics and language use components. By the end of this research, the researcher found that the biggest mistake was the misformation type, which consisted of 35%, and the lowest was addition error. However, this result does not reveal the Sintang people's English capability. The researchers only analyze frequent errors made in the Instagram caption.

ERRORS OF CENTRAL SULAWESI STUDENTS IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT

This research aimed to expose types and most frequent errors in recount writing of Central Sulawesi students in which focused on linguistics category taxonomy and limited on Morphology and Syntax. A descriptive qualitative and document analysis were employed in this research. The subjects of this research were 36 students of grade X MIPA 4 at SMA Negeri 1 Palu. The result of the research presents that there were 277 errors in students’ writing: 123 or 44.40% omission errors, 20 or 7.22% addition errors, 134 or 48.38% misformation errors, but there were no found misordering errors on the students’ writing. According to the percentage of errors occurence, the most frequent error was misformation errors. The students frequently misused the formations of pronoun, preposition, main verb, auxiliary verb be, copula be, auxiliary verb have, modal auxiliary, subject-verb agreement, and verb-and-verb construction. It implies that the students writing still presents many kinds of error in their writing and the teacher should discuss more about it.

Students’ Writing Error in Parts of Speech: A Case Study of EFL Students

This research was intended to see the phenomena of students capability in producing products of their language target which was English. This was purposed to observe and to find their errors in producing writings. The result then could be used as reflection to improve their skill in writing specifically in parts of speech. From the analysis, it was found out that the errors found in the students writing were dominated by noun with the percentage of 22%, followed by pronoun 19%, adjective 17%, verb 14%, conjunction 14%, adverb 8%, preposition 6%, and lastly interjection 0.2 %. The data then analysed by considering the analysis in error analysis and found out that 33% error in misordering, 23% error in omission, 22% error in misformation, and 22% error in addition. This research showed that error which appear the most was dominated by misordering error and noun in the aspect of parts of speech. The possible cause of how the errors could happened was because of the influence of intralingual transfer. Students cannot differentiate between their experience in using grammar of source language and target language. Thus, the product of target language that provided by the students met errors.

An Error Analysis of Students’ Translation from Indonesian into English Text at the 6th Semester Students of English Education Study Program in UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittingi

This research was due to some problems that were found in the 6th semester students of English Education Study Program in UIN Bukittingi. First, the students had vocabulary problem in translating Indonesian to English, especially the ability to use the proper vocabulary in translating. Second, the students had grammar problem in translating Indonesian to English, especially tenses and time condition. The purpose of this research was to find out the type of error that they make when translating text from Indonesian into English and to find out the most frequent error the students make when translating text from Indonesian into English. This research was a descriptive quantitative research. The sampling technique that researcher uses was total sampling. The instrument that was used in a research was translation test. It was a text consists of three paragraphs in Indonesian that must be translated into English. The researcher found that addition errors were made 7.31% of the time, omission errors were made 27.74% of the time, literalness errors were made 13.98% of the time, ambiguity errors were made 17.42% of the time, punctuation errors were made 4.95% of the time, spelling errors were made 3.44% of the time, and capitalization errors were made 25.16% of the time. It can be concluded that omission error is the most frequent error, followed by capitalization, ambiguity, literalness, addition, punctuation, and spelling. This make spelling as the least frequent error that the students made.

Error Analysis Students’ Ability in Using Regular and Irregular Verb at the Second Grade of SMP Satria Dharma Perbaungan

This research aims to analyze student errors made by second grade students of SMP Satria Dharma Perbaungan in using regular and irregular verbs. This research aims to obtain the types of errors in identifying regular and irregular verbs in the past form and to find out the causes of why students make mistakes. This type of research is research with qualitative methods. This research was conducted by following error analysis procedures, starting with sample selection, identification, elaboration, explanation and assessment of errors. The data sources in this research were 10 students from the second grade of SMP Satria Dharma Perbaungan. The research data was obtained by doing observations, giving questionnaires and giving tests to students. From the error analysis process, it was found that students made three types of errors, namely ommission, addition, and misformation. The results of omission errors were 23.34%, addition errors were 26.66% and the most errors occurred at 50% misformation errors. According to the theory of Ellis and Barkhuizen, students' errors are caused by interlingual transfer and intralingual transfer.

An Analysis of Grammatical Errors Made by the Students of English Literature Department

This research aims to identify grammatical errors made by the students of the English Literature department of Universitas Ahmad Dahlan and to describe the process of the occurrence of grammatical errors. This research is a descriptive study that uses a qualitative method. The data are the writing assignments of second-semester students of the English Literature department of Universitas Ahmad Dahlan of the 2018 - 2019 academic year. The researcher read the writings of the students, then wrote and classified the errors made by the students into types of errors due to interlingual and intralingual transfers. This research uses the descriptive analysis method to describe the types of errors. The results show that the types of errors due to the interlingual and intralingual transfer are omission errors, addition errors, misordering errors, and misformation errors. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for minimizing grammatical errors in the English teaching and learning process, especially for writing in English. The results can also be used as a basis for compiling course materials, writing textbooks or modules, especially for making exercises that focus on errors that often occur, to prevent similar errors that will occur in the future.

INVESTIGATING PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN WRITING: DULAY’S SURFACE STRATEGY TAXONOMY

This study was carried out to identify different types of grammatical errors made by primary school students since some previous studies only conducted the same research with high school students as the participants. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. The participants were 40 fourth-grade students from SD Muslim Cendekia Batu. Students' writing products were used as the instrument. The data were analyzed, identified and classified based on Dulay's (1982) surface strategy taxonomy. The data show that the students made 79 grammatical errors, with errors of omission accounting for 25 items (31.6%), 21 (26.5%) errors in addition, 26 errors (32.7%) in misformation, and 7 (9.2%) errors in misordering. The findings reveal that students lack grammar mastery; therefore, they frequently create their own rules in writing a text. To summarize, the student's understanding of the use of English structure remained low. The researcher's recommendations for future researchers are to focus more on the sources of the students' errors and to identify and determine the appropriate strategies to overcome students’ grammatical errors.

STUDENTS’ WRITING ERROR WRITTEN BY EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP JOSEPH KHATULISTIWA SINTANG

The background of this research is students’ errors in writing descriptive texts. The students do not understand the correct structure of writing descriptive text. The objective of this research is to find out the types of errors and to identify the dominant types of errors that found in students’ writing products. The subject of this research is the students’ writing descriptive text products written by eighth grade students of SMP Joseph Khatulistiwa Sungai Tebelian. This research used qualitative method, by classifying the errors using Surface Strategy Taxonomy. It consisted of four types of errors in the students’ writing descriptive text product. These were omission, addition, misformation and misordering. Qualitative data was collected from documentation of students’ writing descriptive text products. Qualitative data were analyzed through collection of a sample of learner language, identification of errors, description of errors and explanation of errors. The data analysis in this research was taken from 10 students of SMP Joseph Khatulistiwa Sungai Tebelian. The researcher analyzed 10 worksheets of students writing products. The researcher found the total of students’ errors were 46 errors of students errors. The finding showed there were four types of errors such as 26 errors of omission on percentage 57%, 12 errors of misformation on percentage 26%, 6 errors of addition on percentage 13%, and 2 errors of misordering on percentage 4%. The dominant type of error was omission with 27 errors.

An Analysis of Students’ Errors in Translating Recount Text at The Tenth Grade of SMKN 5 Padang

The problems of students' blunders in translating narrative text sparked this study. This study was carried out at SMKN 5 Padang during the 2021/2022 academic year. Many pupils struggle to translate effectively in classroom teaching and learning activities. The descriptive qualitative method was employed in this study. The sample of the population in this study was 34 students, the population was students in the tenth grade second semester of SMK 5 Padang, and the researcher took samples in the X Teknik Instalasi Tenaga Listrik 1. which comprised of 34 students using cluster random sampling. A recall text was translated as an instrument in this study. The researcher discovered five sorts of errors produced by students in translating English narrative text into Indonesian language based on data received from a test given to students. There are five types of errors: omission errors, blend errors, addition errors, misformation errors, and misordering errors.