Actual Product Research Articles

Tüketicilerin PGI tescilli Gümüşhane ev tipi dut ürünleri tüketim tercihleri: Gümüşhane örneği

Gümüşhane’de ikamet eden tüketicilerin geleneksel yöntemlerle işlenmiş menşe işaretli Gümüşhane ev tipi dut ürünlerinin homojenleştirilmiş hedef tüketici kitleleri tarafından tercih edilme nedenlerini ve bu tüketicilerin satın alma modellerine dayalı müşteri odaklı pazarlama taktik ve stratejilerini belirlemek amacıyla, bu çalışma planlanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler, Gümüşhane ilinde bu ürünleri tüketen 300 hane halkı ile yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tüketim tercihleri ana faktörlerini belirlemek için Principal Component Analiz (PCA) ve tüketim sıklıklarına göre homojen tüketici grupları oluşturmak için de K-means Cluster analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; ev tipi dut ürünlerini yoğun bir şekilde tüketen kullanıcılar, satın alma kararı üzerinde yerli fındık-ceviz-dut, yüksek oranlı süt ve bal, fakat düşük düzeyli un ve su bileşiminden oluşan ürün içeriği ile geleneksel işleme teknikleri altında duyusal kalitenin yaratmış olduğu memnuniyet ile bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sağlamaya istekli olduklarını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, orta düzeyli kullanıcılar, duyusal kalitenin temel belirleyicisi olan ürün içeriğinin geleneksek işleme tekniklerine dayalı temel fayda ve kısa arz zinciri güveni ile hedonik kalite tercihlerini kapsayan bileşik ürün imajına büyük bir önem atfetmektedir. Diğer taraftan düşük seviyedeki kullanıcılar, sosyal çevrenin etkisi ve besleyicilik güdüsü altında ürünle ilgili görsel deneyime dayalı olarak duyusal ve hedonik kalite algısına önem atfederek, gerçek ürün imajı altında kısa gıda arz zinciri güvencesi ile bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sağlamak istedikleri analiz edilmiştir.

Measuring product lifetime extension potential by increasing the expected product lifetime: Methodology and case study

AbstractUnderstanding the factors affecting consumer replacement behavior is important in extending the product lifetime in a circular economy. Although such factors have been widely investigated, methodologies to quantitatively measure the potential of changes in these aspects are scarce. They help to consider effective strategies for product lifetime extension. This study focused on the expected product lifetime and constructed a framework to analyze this potential, using air conditioners in Japan as a case study. When the expected product lifetime increased by 1, 2, and 3 years, the mean actual product lifetime rose by 0.9, 1.8, and 2.72 years, respectively, whose values can be sufficiently recognized as potentials for product lifetime extension. The results indicate that products and services for product lifetime extension can actually be used by consumers. Therefore, business strategies for product lifetime extension can increase resource efficiency and potentially strengthen competitiveness in future resource constraint economies.

P‐58: Measurement of AR Displays in Positioning Accuracy

In virtual reality devices, positioning virtual information onto the real‐world scene accurately has always been a challenge. Such performance feature has been widely requiring high precision in vehicle HUD navigation, AR surgery, industrial production assembly and maintenance, and so on. For applications such as surgical use and assembly in the industry, positioning accuracy is essential to evaluate and measure. The accuracy of virtual image positioning depends on the imaging lens, the combiner optics, eye position, etc., and showing the individual parameters of each component is often not adequate to demonstrate the actual performance of the product. As such, the measurement that simulates the human eye under actual product use conditions is crucial for achieving accurate measurement. In this paper, we use a high‐angular resolution 2D imaging luminance meter that mimics the optics of the human eye, together with a two‐axis goniometer, to achieve precise measurement of positioning accuracy. This paper further analyzes the positioning accuracy based on the measurements around both the eye pupil center and eyeball rotation center. In addition, the effects of the applications of the positioning uncertainty were studied.

Wasted mask collection robot

With the spread of major respiratory infectious diseases such as the new coronavirus pneumonia on a large scale worldwide, various countries and regions have taken medical supplies such as disposable medical masks (DMMs, mainly composed of a large variety of polymer material polypropylene PP). The demand is constantly rising. A large number of discarded masks are mixed in the streets and alleys, and the recycling process is extremely risky. In this era, it is particularly important to realize manual remote control of the collection of discarded masks. The waste mask collection robot mentioned in this article adopts a modular design method and carries out the system design, control system design, and hardware structure design for each part of the waste mask collection. In terms of the hardware system, a detailed analysis has been made on the chip model and the specifications of each application device and a reasonable design have been carried out. The design requirements of various parts are introduced, and their structure and function in the device are described in detail. Related hardware circuits are designed, such as the manipulator motor drive circuit and its control circuit. In terms of the software system, the driver program, the function program of the host computer, and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer, such as PWM motor driver and serial port communication, are designed. In terms of control system design, based on the Robot-link Wi-Fi wireless data transmission module, a set of information interaction codes between the host computer and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is designed, which can realize ultra-low delay control. The PWM motor drive and serial communication were tested for the function. After the program was burned, the expected function was completed, and the actual product was finally assembled and tested to achieve the expected function.

Bioinspiration of Product Architecture: Trading-Off System Effectiveness for System Robustness

Abstract This work analyzes the role of bioinspired product architecture in facilitating the design of robust engineering systems. Prior works have proposed design guidelines to facilitate the implementation of bioinspired product architectures for engineered systems. This work shows that implementing a bioinspired product architecture may improve a system’s robustness to random module failures, but may degrade the system’s effectiveness in the absence of any module failure. To demonstrate such a trade-off between the robustness and the undisrupted effectiveness of a system, this study quantitatively compares biological systems to their functionally equivalent modular systems. The modular equivalents of biological systems are first derived by utilizing Functional Modeling. The application of the bioinspired product architecture guidelines is then modeled as a transition from the modular product architecture of the modular equivalents to the actual product architecture of the biological systems. The effectiveness and the robustness of the systems are analyzed after the application of each guideline by modeling the systems as multi-flow directed networks. Such an analysis is performed by introducing metrics that quantify a system’s expected effectiveness and the degradation in the system’s expected effectiveness with increasing severity of random disruptions. The findings are validated by designing and analyzing a COVID-19 breathalyzer as an engineering case study.

Application of an Improved LSTM Model to Emotion Recognition

The rise of artificial intelligence technology has promoted the development of human-computer interaction and other fields. In human-computer interaction, in order to enable the machine to accurately perceive and understand the user’s emotion in real time, thereby improving the service quality of the machine, user emotion recognition has been widely studied. In real life, because voice output not only is convenient, but also contains rich emotional information, human-computer interaction is mainly carried out in the form of voice. Speech carries a wealth of linguistic, paralinguistic, and nonlinguistic information that is essential for human-computer interaction. Understanding language information alone will not allow a computer to fully comprehend the speaker’s purpose. For computers to behave like humans, speech recognition systems must be able to process nonverbal information, such as the emotional state of the speaker. As a result, developing machine understanding of human emotions requires speech-based emotion recognition. This paper proposes an improved long short-term memory network (ILSTM) for emotion recognition. Because the initial LSTM only analyzes the preceding moment’s input, it will miss out on a lot of information for the full context scene. In this way, all the features in the speech segment can be extracted. In order to be able to select the feature that can express emotion the most among the many features, this paper also introduces the attention mechanism. Experiments are carried out on public datasets, and the experimental results show that the ILSTM used in this paper is very effective in classifying speech emotion data and the classification accuracy can reach more than 0.6. This fully shows that this research can be applied to actual products and has certain feasibility and reference value.

Analysis of Network Modeling for Real-world Recommender Systems

Nowadays, recommendation systems are existing everywhere in the internet world, online people are presented with the required needs not just for actual physical products, but also for several other things such as songs, places, books, friends, movies, and many more requirements. Most of the systems are developed with the basic collaborative and hybrid filtering, where the people or users are recommended items that the choices are based on the right preferences of other people by applying the machine intelligence strategies. In this research, the importance of network modeling is analyzed in solving real-world problems.

SUSTAINABILITY OF THE CROSS-COUNTRY APPROACH AND THE ROLE OF DESTINATION MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS IN CREATING NEW TOURISM PRODUCTS: THE CASE OF SIAULIAI, JONISKIS (LITHUANIA) AND JELGAVA (LATVIA)

INTRODUCTION
 Destination is used as a synonym for attraction; destination can also be defined as a specific brand or product, or a product package or selection of products and services compiled according to climate, infrastructure, natural and cultural features. Destination is defined as a place where tourists can rest, walk, spend their time in nature, see historical monuments, attend festivals, events, taste local cuisine and be part of unique events. Combining the last approach with traditional geographic or administrative aspects, we may define a destination as an administrative or geographically defined area where tourists can rest, walk, spend their time in nature, see historical monuments, attend festivals, events, taste local cuisine and be part of unique events. With a new trend of local travel, the promotion of regions that were not among top visited destinations becomes essential in trying to attract local travellers in the short term. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of promotional and organisational factors on travellers’ intentions to visit two destinations in Lithuania and one in Latvia.
 
 HYPOTHESES
 Key hypothesis of this study – can sustainable cross region or cross border cooperation initiate higher tourist interest in formerly less visited destinations and what steps do we need to take to create valuable proposals.
 
 METHODS AND MATERIALS
 Analysis of scientific literature and secondary data, descriptive statistical analysis.Destination management has historically placed emphasis on the management of demand and supply, visitor experience and maintenance of competitive advantage. This has been enhanced through the application of modern marketing techniques (Buhalis & Sinarta, 2019; Gretzel & Scarpino-Johns, 2018; Kabadayi, Ali, Choi, Joosten, & Lu, 2019; Polese, Botti, Grimaldi, Monda, & Vesci, 2018). Our study shows that many destinations lack a clearly stated value separately, as they are mostly too small to attract the attention of experienced travellers.
 
 RESULTS
 We have collected all the possible sights, historical background and created 20 different routes that combine the object of project stakeholders – Siauliai, Joniskis and Jelgava districts, bearing in mind that enhancing greater cooperation might help to create better stories, use a historical element, and attract the attention of experienced travellers.
 We clarified that DMO’s are still heavily focused on the classical promotion of their attractions. This is why this first stage of research implemented a new methodology based on which regional DMO’s can create cooperation and develop easy-to-use products. The authors put a content orientated approach and not infrastructure created experience at the forefront.
 Justifying our hypothesis, we found that any less visited destination can acquire additional interest by combining objects from more than one district or well-known country.But the most important question that we were solving is how to satisfy all the stake holders and not to benefit one partner.We have tested our offered model by creating an actual product.
 CONCLUSIONS
 Destination resilience is becoming an important area of research, with DMO’s becoming the key players in the development of more adaptive strategies, managing the risks, and furthermore, attracting visitors to most of the local objects. DMO’s lack appropriate models that can help them to market their destination more. A ready-to-use and tested model can become a good example for any DMO that is eager to attract more visitors by creating products that reflect a modern traveller’s needs.

Design of Flexible Spherical Fruit and Vegetable Picking End-effector Based on Vision Recognition

In order to solve the problems of poor versatility and high clamping damage rate faced by the end-effector of picking robots in today’s picking operation, a universal spherical fruit and vegetable picking die end-effector based on vision recognition with adaptive flexible force clamping is designed. This end-effector is a pneumatic three structure, while integrating a small air source device, in the control of a variety of sensors, through the fusion of multiple sensing and algorithm improvement and other ways, so that the mold end-effector in the picking operation, through visual recognition to determine the type of fruit and vegetables, and then provide the optimal gripping force. At the same time, the fingertip is equipped with a pressure sensor to adjust the pressure output in real time to achieve the overall picking process, the pressure is kept constant, and in the judgment of the completion of fruit and vegetable picking, a torque sensor is equipped to presume the completion of the picking operation by twisting the fruit strength. Finally, the actual product was made and several fruit and vegetable simulation experiments were carried out. The experimental structure is good, which verifies that the end-effector has good versatility and flexibility.

Trichoderma: Potential bio-resource for the management of tomato root rot diseases in Africa.

Trichoderma spp. are among the front-line microorganisms commonly employed in novel biotechnology applications. They have been well-proven as biopesticides, biofertilizers, and biostimulants for managing plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. They are instrumental in managing plant diseases of economic importance, such as tomato root rot. However, this group of fungi has not been well-exploited en-mass in developing countries, while the use of bioagents in-lieu of chemical pesticides is still not a common practice in many African countries. Africa contributes 11.8% to global tomato production. Unfortunately, more than half of the actual product is lost due to diseases. The root rot of tomatoes predominantly caused by soil-borne fungal pathogens are among significant problems of tomato cultivation in Africa. Here, we review the constraints of tomato root rot in Africa and the roles of Trichoderma in repositioning the crop for optimum productivity. We gave a comprehensive overview of the economic importance, root rot epidemiology, and how to circumvent it through gene pool to resistant tomato and employ Trichoderma's biological control potentials. Furthermore, this review gives an overview of the mechanisms of action of Trichoderma, gaps in the advocacy, adoption, commercialization, and regulation of Trichoderma as biocontrol agents of tomato rot diseases in Africa.

Machine learning and CBR integrated mechanical product design approach

Many works based on case-based reasoning (CBR) and rule-based reasoning (RBR) have been done to obtain a product concept intelligently, but researches on automatic and intelligent methods for the detailed design process are still lacking. To achieve the intelligent design of the whole process for mechanical product development, an approach based on cases and knowledge is proposed. First, considering that the actual product cases sample is small, correlations among product features and relationships between product features and requirements are evaluated based on design knowledge. According to these correlations and relationships, a design problem is decomposed into multiple parallel small-scale sub-problems not only to increase data samples but reduce data dimensions. Moreover, a hybrid method that combined Hamming distance with Euclidean distance is generated to retrieve similar cases, which can address both numerical and encoding factors. In addition, K-Nearest-Neighbor (KNN) algorithm and Linear regression are adopted to adapt the classification and numeric parameters, respectively, so that the detailed design process can be achieved without fixed knowledge template. Finally, a tool design software is developed based on Visual studio 2015 to verify the practicability of the proposed method.

A Study on the Springback Prediction and Compensation of SPFC780 High Strength Steel Dash Panel

To reduce the weight of small electric vehicles and ensure driver safety when driving, the existing mild steel parts (dash panels) were treated with high-strength steel (780 MPa class) to secure collision safety and reduce weight. Several conclusions were drawn from analyses, springback predictions, and corrections. The overall shape was gently designed by applying the SPFC 780 Mpa 0.7 t material, and cracks occurred in some shapes according to the first molding analysis. If the springback correction analysis was used, the amount of springback generated was corrected such that the optimal result could be derived through the correction analysis of several orders. In terms of moldability, the actual molded product and the molding analysis result were almost similar.

Integrated Design Thinking to Improve Pedagogical Practices in Creative Engineering Design

Repeated testing, revision, and verification make products have market value and the commercialization of creative ideas reflected in the product. In the model, product and industrial designs present actual cases so that students are trained from scratch to clarify problems, identify needs, establish functional structures, and evaluate the creative design and engineering design. A good design plan includes market and user demand analysis, creative thinking, concept formation, and actual prototype making. Thus, students need to learn how to simulate the actual product design and development process through design protection and complete design planning. Therefore, taking creative engineering design courses as an example, this study aims to introduce various design methods into interactive teaching by using the problem/project-based learning (PBL) and science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) model. In industry, the methods are expected to simulate how a product design engineer faces the market and consumers. The results reveal the following. Students prefer to focus on hands-on practice and ask for examples and supplementary reference materials and a diversified interactive learning model. They like to work in groups and interact with peers and teachers to learn in real-time, hoping to know their levels and thoughts. They hope to apply what they learn for future career development. The education model integrates academic theory and industrial practice to reduce the gap between learning and practice in the industry.

Toward Innovation and Policies: Mapping the Demand of Orthopedic Implants in Public Hospital Margono Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia

Most of the needs for orthopedic implants in Indonesia are met by the imported product. So that innovation is needed to produce local products that suit the needs of the Indonesian people. The first step before innovating is the need analysis. It is necessary to map and forecast certain implant products to understand which products that are important to be developed before they become a national innovation. In addition, there has not been an article yet that reported data regarding implant product and their forecasting. The main objective of this research is to capture the actual demand product by mapping and forecasting the orthopedic implants in a public hospital. The mapping process was carried out using the descriptive analysis method to organize and summarize the data to get more information about the orthopedic implants that were widely used. In addition, the mapping process is also carried out using the double moving average method to see the trend of demand for orthopedic implants in the future. The data used in this research was the number of orthopedic implants used by the Margono hospital for five years starting from 2016 to 2020. Based on the collected data, forty-two varieties of orthopedic implants had been mapped regarding implant demand. Furthermore, twenty-two of forty-two implants had been analyzed based on several applications that always appeared within five years. This research type of implant is classified into five categories which are screw, plate, wire, rod, and prosthesis. It is found that cortical screw, straight plate, K wire, rod union, and bipolar cemented were noted as the highest demand implant represent their category. The demand forecasting process is carried out for cortical screw, K wire, and rod union. By using the double moving average method and MAPE for measuring the accuracy, it was found that the method has a significant result because the MAPE value is still quite good. The value of MAPE for cortical screw, K wire, and rod union are 0.3985, 1.0726, and 0.4332, respectively. The trend of increasing demand occurs in the product cortical screw and rod union. This data could perform as the recommendation and references leading to the research road map, especially in the orthopedic research field in Indonesia.

Information needs of prospective postgraduate students

The complex application process at the postgraduate level became a major blamer for poor doctorate enrolments. The complexity in the communication messages made it difficult for prospective postgraduate students to absorb information effectively. The proposal by the government to increase masters' and doctorate enrolments at universities requires universities to cater to the needs of customers whose preferences and expectations change continuously. The research upon which this paper was based was aimed at identifying the information needs of prospective postgraduates at public universities. The study design is quantitative, employing a descriptive technique and cross-sectional method. For the empirical study, a non-probability sampling method was utilized to obtain data from a sample of 116 masters’ and doctorate students. Descriptive statistics described the main features of the collected data through frequencies, tables, and bar charts. Inferential statistics were used to determine relationships between variables and test the significance, and reliability of the findings. Emphasis on university processes and specific aspects of the expected and augmented product were found. Interestingly, the importance attached to getting information about economic incentives significantly outweighs the importance attached to receiving information about the actual product. The results of this study affirm the assertion that the postgraduate market is unique and has unique information needs. The results provide universities with a guideline to identify the information needs of prospective postgraduate students applying for master's and doctorate studies at public universities. The study limitation is that it encompasses only a small number of registered master’s and doctoral students in KwaZulu-Natal, limiting the possibility of generalizing the results to all prospective postgraduate students in South Africa.

Numerical heat transfer modeling and climate adaptation analysis of vacuum-photovoltaic glazing

Vacuum-photovoltaic (VPV) glazing has attracted much attention due to its excellent thermal insulation performance and its ability to utilize solar energy. However, few simulation models have been established based on actual products and rarely have been validated by experiments. In this paper, a four-layer CdTe-based VPV glazing was developed and the corresponding numerical heat transfer model was established with the integration of a dynamic power generation model. The numerical model was then validated against both the results from the WINDOW program and a guarded hot box experiment. Afterward, the validated model was employed to analyze the energy and power generation performance of the VPV glazing in diverse climate zones in China with Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Kunming used as representative cities. The numerical simulation results indicate that the U-value of the proposed VPV glazing is 0.89 W/(m2⋅K), which is in good agreement with the experimental results. Compared with a normal double glazing, the average energy reductions achieved with VPV glazing in air conditioning seasons are 128 kWh/m2, 23 kWh/m2, 45 kWh/m2, and 52 kWh/m2 in Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, and Guangzhou, respectively. In addition, the average annual power outputs of VPV glazing in Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Kunming are 47 kWh/m2, 48 kWh/m2, 34 kWh/m2, 36 kWh/m2, and 45 kWh/m2, respectively. The numerical model developed in this study can be used for energy-saving potential analysis and optimization of VPV glazing in different meteorological conditions, the results of which could provide guidance for the effective application of VPV glazing.

The impact of expectation discrepancy on food consumers’ quality perception and purchase intentions: Exploring mediating and moderating influences in China

The discrepancy between expected and actual food product features can be an important indicator of food quality and thus may inform consumer decisions. Using mixed method design, this paper explores whether and how expectation discrepancy affects food consumers' quality perception and purchase intentions under food safety risk situation. In the first phase, a qualitative study based on in-depth semi structured interviews (N = 15) was conducted. The interview results revealed that consumers in general responded negatively towards the existence of expectation discrepancies as it led to poor perceived food quality. It was further revealed that the discrepancy in expectation dimensions had a stronger effect on consumers’ perceptions as compared to the discrepancy in expectation extent. In the second phase extensive online survey (N = 2172), it was confirmed that expectation discrepancy had significantly affected quality perceptions and purchase intentions. Moreover, perceived quality played a mediating role between expectation discrepancy and purchase intentions. In addition, expectation proportion (measured with the importance of specific food feature) was shown to strengthen (moderate) the impact of expectation discrepancy. Furthermore, the effects of expectation discrepancy were stronger for high-risk food (versus low risk food). The current paper shows that the effects of expectation discrepancy play a highly significant role in forming perceptions about food safety, therefore, precise marketing strategies can be made by clustering consumers according to the expectation proportions. • Consumers had a negative attitude towards the existence of expectation discrepancies. • The negative quality perception limited consumers' purchase intentions. • Expectation dimension discrepancy had a stronger influence than extent discrepancy. • Effects of expectation discrepancy were higher for high-risk food. • Expectation proportions strengthened the impact of expectation discrepancy.

Quality characteristic extraction for complex products with multi-granular fuzzy language based on the triple bottom lines of sustainability

Advanced product optimization design methods can greatly improve the market competitiveness of enterprises in manufacturing industry and promote the sustainable development of economy, society and environment. Quality characteristic is the carrier of product quality and closely related to sustainable product design. To manage reasonably the environmental, economic and social goals in actual product design, this paper proposes a quality characteristic extraction method for complex products with multi-granular fuzzy language based on the triple bottom lines of sustainability. Satisfaction evaluation of a customer group expressed in multi-granular fuzzy language is given full consideration with the adoption of dominant granular structures. Interval rough number (IRN) is employed for product quality function development (QFD) to fully retain the calculation simplicity of rough sets and expression flexibility of interval numbers in the correlation transformation between customer requirements and quality characteristics. A multi-objective optimization model for the quality characteristic extraction of complex products is established according to the triple bottom lines of sustainability, and an improved fruit fly optimization algorithm with the segmented variable step size is designed to solve it efficiently. Lastly, the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated by the case study of a computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool.

A modular product design framework for the home appliance industry

Methodologies that optimize product development are becoming increasingly important due to global competition. Additionally, customers have been more demanding in terms of product quality, also requiring more environmentally friendly goods and services. In order to accomplish these goals, this study builds a product modularization framework for developing new products. We developed our protocol based on the Modular Function Deployment (MFD) and the Product Line Commonality Index (PCI). We obtained the modules after applying MFD and compared them with an actual product developed by a home appliance organization, to ensure validity in both theory and practice. We chose the hinge module to apply PCI, finding a significant potential to communize the component. A careful analysis of MFD and PCI outcomes in the product development process may increase modularization efficiency and bring pertinent information for product architecture decisions and strategies. However, it is noteworthy that a market analysis is needed before communizing components. On one hand, companies may reduce development and manufacturing costs through part commonality. On the other hand, there may be market rejection due to product design and architecture changes.

Improving Visual-Patient-Avatar Design Prior to Its Clinical Release: A Mixed Qualitative and Quantitative Study.

Visual-Patient-avatar, an avatar-based visualisation of patient monitoring, is a newly developed technology aiming to promote situation awareness through user-centred design. Before the technology’s introduction into clinical practice, the initial design used to validate the concept had to undergo thorough examination and adjustments where necessary. This mixed qualitative and quantitative study, consisting of three different study parts, aimed to create a design with high user acceptance regarding perceived professionalism and potential for identification while maintaining its original functionality. The first qualitative part was based on structured interviews and explored anaesthesia personnel’s first impressions regarding the original design. Recurrent topics were identified using inductive coding, participants’ interpretations of the vital sign visualisations analysed and design modifications derived. The second study part consisted of a redesign process, in which the visualisations were adapted according to the results of the first part. In a third, quantitative study part, participants rated Likert scales about Visual-Patient-avatar’s appearance and interpreted displayed vital signs in a computer-based survey. The first, qualitative study part included 51 structured interviews. Twenty-eight of 51 (55%) participants mentioned the appearance of Visual-Patient-avatar. In 23 of 51 (45%) interviews, 26 statements about the general impression were identified with a balanced count of positive (14 of 26) and negative (12 of 26) comments. The analysis of vital sign visualisations showed deficits in several vital sign visualisations, especially central venous pressure. These findings were incorporated into part two, the redesign of Visual-Patient-avatar. In the subsequent quantitative analysis of study for part three, 20 of 30 (67%) new participants agreed that the avatar looks professional enough for medical use. Finally, the participants identified 73% (435 of 600 cases) of all vital sign visualisations intuitively correctly without prior instruction. This study succeeded in improving the original design with good user acceptance and a reasonable degree of intuitiveness of the new, revised design. Furthermore, the study identified aspects relevant for the release of Visual-Patient-avatar, such as the requirement for providing at least some training, despite the design’s intuitiveness. The results of this study will guide further research and improvement of the technology. The study provides a link between Visual-Patient-avatar as a scientific concept and as an actual product from a cognitive engineering point of view, and may serve as an example of methods to study the designs of technologies in similar contexts.