The article presents an analysis of the structure of the higher education system of such developed countries as Germany, Japan, South Korea and the United States of America. The features of the management of higher educational institutions by the Ministry and local self-government bodies are described. Positive trends have been identified, such 0as the policy of developed countries in the field of higher education and the government's protection of the interests of higher education institutions. The measures taken by developed countries to solve the problems that have arisen in the field of higher education are analyzed. The directions of strategic planning and coordination of the activities of higher educational institutions for the purpose of reasonable and effective use of available funds are investigated. The issues of improving relations between the state and higher education institutions in the areas of higher education reforms are described. Scientific conclusions and practical recommendations related to the training of competitive personnel in the higher education system are given