Activities Of Higher Education Institutions Research Articles

РАЗВИТИЕ МЕТОДОВ И МОДЕЛЕЙ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ

The issues of development of methods, models and mechanisms for managing the activities of higher education institutions in the conditions of confrontation between Russia and western countries have become increasingly significant. These external influences on public authorities, enterprises, institutions and organizations of the subjects of the Russian Federation cannot be ignored in the development of higher education science and its participation in the assessment of the effectiveness of all economic entities in the region. The development of national institutions of higher education needs new approaches, concepts, methods and models, or a significant transformation of those that are currently used in practice. Aim. The aim of the work is to create a set of mechanisms, methods and models to improve the efficiency of management of higher education institutions and their more competent interaction with public authorities and management bodies, as well as industrial enterprises and organizations located on the territory of the region. Materials and methods. The results of analysis of researches on improvement of methods, models and technologies of management of work of higher educational institutions, as well as enterprises and organizations are used. Results. The expediency of modernization of mechanisms of management of higher education institutions, as well as methods and models used in this process is shown. Conclusion. The scientifically grounded provisions defining the key directions of the development strategy of the higher education institutions' activity management system have been formulated.

ПРАКТИКО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД В РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММ ГУМАНИТАРНОГО НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ВУЗЕ

Modern realities of educational practice indicate the need to intensify practice-oriented training of specialists. The connection between theory and practice ensures purposeful and productive educational activities of higher educational institutions by deepening the focus of educational programs on practical training. The value of a practice-oriented approach is also growing in connection with the requirements of state policy in the aspect of federal state educational standards, the content of which is aimed at high-quality training of a competent specialist with professional and personal qualities that are in demand on the labor market. In pedagogical science, conceptual ideas about the practice-oriented approach, principles, and methods of its implementation are substantiated. However, today the problem of training specialists in the humanities is quite acute, the educational process of which is more focused on theorized learning. In this regard, there is a need to expand the boundaries of applicability of the practice-oriented approach in the implementation of educational programs in the humanities.

QUẢN LÍ HOẠT ĐỘNG ĐÀO TẠO TRONG BỐI CẢNH CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ - NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HUỐNG TẠI HỌC VIỆN QUẢN LÍ GIÁO DỤC

In recent years, the number of research projects in Vietnam and abroad on digital transformation in higher education has significantly increased with a variety of research topics, but the number of in-depth research topics and comprehensive management of training activities of higher education institutions in the context of digital transformation has been limited. To address this research gap, the article focuses on analyzing the current situation of training management in the context of digital transformation at the National Academy of Education Management on the basis of a theoretical framework for digital transformation in higher education institutions. The article employs mixed research approach and convergent parallel mixed method design (Creswell, 2013), which uses and analyzes 29 secondary data, questionnaire survey with 244 students, indepth interviews 8 staff, lecturers and 9 students. Research results have shown the characteristics of training management in the context of digital transformation on five aspects: leadership and strategy; facilities, infrastructure, technology; regulations, operation; people; organizational culture. The research results are meaningful for public higher education institutions that are in the early stages of digital transformation.

ФАКТОРИ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ

The article considers the need to generalize the external and internal prerequisites for transforming a higher education institution into an entrepreneurial organization. It is proved that entrepreneurship in the education system is the innovative activity of higher education institutions aimed at the formation and development of the educational potential of society based on the economic laws of the market. It is proved that in the education system, innovations are an instrument of entrepreneurial activity, and the adaptation of the educational complex to new economic conditions will allow attracting investment resources to this industry. The main trends that determine the need to transform domestic higher education institutions into entrepreneurial universities are substantiated, the main ones being a relative decrease in funding for educational institutions and fierce competition between higher education institutions for attracting both budgetary funds and additional funding. It is proved that the set of changes that occur in the process of implementing innovations make organizations open, flexible and responsive to changes in the external and internal environment, which pose new challenges to universities, the main of which is the intensification of resource use and the search for additional sources of funding. It is determined that one of the directions in the entrepreneurial activities of universities is franchising, which includes the widespread dissemination of innovative methods, teaching materials, books, electronic publications and bringing their own developments to the level of wide consumption. It is proved that one of the factors determining the transformation of higher education institutions into an entrepreneurial organization is a developed network of branches and representative offices of many large universities, which defines a university as a network organization, the level of development of which determines its business activity and helps to attract additional financial resources. It is substantiated that in modern conditions small business is the basis for building entrepreneurship at the university, which at the same time retains the potential for its own growth and development. It is proved that the combination of small innovative business and the functioning of the university as an entrepreneurial organization provides this structure with dynamic stability and development capability.

ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЗА БЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЇЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ І ПІСЛЯВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ КРАЇНИ

Summary. This article the determined that there are various mechanisms for assessing the quality of educa-tional activity of higher education institutions: accredita-tion, framework and rating, but university ratings are the most optimal mechanism for measuring the quality of educational activity in the context of ensuring its effec-tiveness. The indicators for measuring the quality of edu-cational activity used in the Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area (ESG), the European Teaching Rankings (THE Europe Teaching Rankings) were analyzed the Shanghai Aca-demic Ranking of World Universities (Shanghai Ranking, ARWU), the Times Higher Education World University Rankings and the QS (Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd) World University Rankings, QS), national rating "TОР-200". According to the criteria of dominance of objective or subjective and result or reputation components, the main international university rankings can be ranked in the following order: (Shanghai Ranking) – objective, result; THE World University Rankings – objective-subjective, result-reputational; QS World University Rankings –sub-jective-objective, reputation-resultative; reputational andadvertising.The use of this approach to ensure the quality of edu-cational activity will improve the reputation of national universities in the world educational space, and in the modern conditions of war and in the period of post-war reconstruction, it will provide an opportunity to update and update educational programs, increase the im-portance of universities as a leading component of the socio-economic recovery of the country.

Digitalization of economy: Discourse analysis perspective

Digital economy represents a system of economic relations mediated by technological achievements. In the near future, according to the opinion of some analysts, companies with a high level of digitalization will take the leading positions in the global and national markets. Today, a number of progressive companies are widely introducing digital tools in various sectors of the economy, investing money in the construction of data processing centers and the introduction of storage systems for business operations and customers. It is understood that digital tools may allow combining production with individuality, shortening the period from the development of an innovative idea to the sale of finished products, and providing an opportunity to achieve effective customization to meet consumer requirements. This is exactly what we are witnessing today in the activity of higher education institutions which have demonstrated flexibility and predictive capability in fitting in with modern economic processes.

Model of project-oriented management of scientific activity of higher education institutions within innovative programs

Model of project-oriented management of scientific activity of higher education institutions within innovative programs

Астахова І. Е. МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ ПІДХІД ЩОДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ТА ФОРМУВАННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ МОТИВАЦІЇ СТУДЕНТІВ

Annotation. The purpose of the article consists in substantiating the expediency of using a marketing approach in determining and forming students' motivation for educational and cognitive activities in higher educational institutions. Research methodology. Achievement the goal set in the article was achieved using the following methods research: logical generalization and scientific abstraction, structural analysis, analytical method. Results. The article examines the concept of "motivation", characterizes the factors affecting the formation of motivation to study, gives and analyzes the results of a marketing research on the educational motivation of students of different courses and age groups, and systematizes the main motivations for studying students in higher educational institutions. A marketing approach is proposed that allows identifying the perceived need for cognitive activity based on the student's already existing interest and transforming it into the student's motivation to study. The evidence of the positive result of the influence of the proposed approach to the formation of the motivation of educational and cognitive activity of students in the process of their studies in higher educational institutions is the results of the questionnaire of students of Kharkiv National University of Economics named after Semyon Kuznets . Based on the results of the research, it was found that the motivation to study differs in junior and senior years. Internal motivation and interest in the chosen specialty prevails in the motivation to study of junior year students, while in senior year students, a more external motivation is formed, focused on professionalism and the possibility of career growth. In the course of marketing research, it was determined that the motivation of junior year students is dominated by "educational and cognitive" and "social motive", while senior year students are dominated by "professional motive" and the motive of "creative self-realization". This indicates a desire to obtain as much information as possible, which can be useful for further professional activity and is aimed at interaction with the social environment. Practical significance results research. Use in practice proposed theoretical and applied approaches will allow to increase the effectiveness of educational and cognitive activities, which has an important impact on the productivity of learning, the level of personality development and its desire for self-development.

Кризовий менеджмент переміщених ЗВО України в умовах воєнного стану

The effective work of ZVO is the result of the synergy of several factors, among which is the management system through the introduction of effective governance and the implementation of the quality management system in accordance with international standards (ISO 9001). The key conditions for the functioning of such a system are the strategic planning of the development of higher educational institutions, the distribution of powers and responsibilities among all managers and employees, conducting self-analysis in the form of internal audits, self-assessment, analysis of the quality management system, and the introduction of managerial practices for developing the potential of higher education institutions. The article contains the experience of Ukrainian institutions of higher education that were relocated in the period 2014-2022 as a result of Ukraine’s war with Russia on its territory. The author aimed to summarize her own experience of relocation, management of a relocated university, and cases of consulting other displaced higher education institutions within the framework of Fulbright projects and programs in Ukraine. Such a generalization of crisis management practices by universities under martial law can be useful both from a research point of view and from a practical point of view because the return of these universities will again require operational tools. Among them are a management audit after relocation, practices and mechanisms of team building and strategic management taking into account the new labor market and society’s demands, a system for evaluating the effectiveness of management and teaching activities, a system of management practices for the development of higher education potential. Implementation of management steps through a comprehensive audit of personnel, management, communication, material and technical resources and social capital of the university; identification of problems and growth points; consistent problem-solving and strengthening of positions for the purpose of development and increase of potential can become effective in reviving the activities of higher education institutions in new locations and national higher education on the way to the recovery of Ukraine in war and post-war times.

VALUE STREAM MAP OPTIMIZATION MODEL IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

The relevance of the implementation the Lean Production quality management model in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Ukraine has been proven to optimize the stream of HEIs business processes in order to improve the quality of functioning of HEI as an economic activity subject and increase the competitiveness of educational services, scientific and educational products. The modern approaches of scientists to the Lean Higher Education and the construction of a process model of activity and the identification of key business processes of HEIs are analyzed. The purpose of the article is to develop the optimization model for the stream of business processes based on Lean technologies and to apply the model to visualize and optimize the key process of business process at the Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics (NURE). A DFD model of the optimization process of the Value Stream Map (VMS) - a quality management tool created within the framework of the Lean methodology for process stream analysis - was developed. The model optimization criteria are proposed. During the development of the map optimization model, the peculiarities of the result of the HEI activity, which is a combination of educational service, educational and scientific product, were taken into account. The practical significance of the article lies in the study of the HEI key process "Development of educational and methodological support of the educational process". Decomposition of the main process was carried out. The second and third levels processes for the value stream mapping was distinguished. The current state VSM of the process "Development of educational and methodological support of the educational process" was developed, the indicators of the effectiveness of the value stream at the department of information and measurement technologies of the NURE were calculated, the "bottlenecks" of the stream were analyzed. Measures to optimize "bottlenecks" based on the criterion of minimizing time are proposed. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction are determined as the implementation of Lean technologies in the activities of HEIs are the development and optimization of VSM for all key processes of HEIs.

Internationalization of African Higher Education in the Time of Emerging Global Realities

Abstract: This paper aims at exploring opportunities and challenges of internationalization of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Africa so as to encourage South–South partnership. In order to achieve this objective, desk review of experiences coupled with historical sketch were employed. Qualitative review of experience was selected to examine the comparative viewpoints of challenges and opportunities in internationalization. The approach and materials consulted were chosen depending on policy relevance and appropriateness to the context. Accordingly, research-based documents were thematically organized and analyzed. As African universities are part of the wider Global HEIs, academic activities of HEIs in the South are positively and adversely influenced by institutional culture and technological advancement of the North. Although Africa is endowed with strong communal culture and natural resources, most HEIs are in the ivory tower detached from real-life-situations and far from addressing existing and emerging problems of the society. Based on research findings and institutional examples, internationalization of higher education in Africa lacks experience and heavily relies on Western approaches, and considered as weak in terms of resource and network. Hence, the findings focus on how to maximize homegrown approaches for HEIs in Africa and address limitations in the direction of mobility and ICT.

METHODS AND MEANS OF INFORMATION AND ADVERTISING ACTIVITIES OF UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS IN SOCIAL INTERNET ENVIRONMENTS

Today, all advertising activities are moving to the social media of the Internet. The period of the covid-19 pandemic and the martial law in Ukraine accelerated this process. Now it is difficult to avoid that something cannot be found on the Internet. Institutions of higher education are no exception. Universities and their divisional divisions also need promotional activities to attract applicants and branding through the social media of the Internet. Attracting applicants by informing them about university departments is a career guidance activity. With the advent of distance learning, informational and advertising activities of higher education institutions in social networks began to gain popularity, in particular, for career guidance purposes. In order to carry out informational and advertising activities of university units in the social environment of the Internet, it is necessary to create an informational image. The creation of an informational image of university units is done by creating official pages in social networks. The most popular social networks for creating an informational image of the university’s divisions in the social environments of the Internet are Facebook, Instagram, and Telegram. The article develops a formal model of the information image of units of a higher education institution. The requirements for the pages of higher education institutions and their departments are different from ordinary pages for goods or services, given their specificity and target audience. Therefore, the requirements for creating pages of university divisions in social networks are as follows: logo of the division, name of the division page with affiliation to the institution of higher education, information about the division (“cap” of the profile) with the following data: page name, name of the division, abbreviation of the institute/university, university affiliation, website of the unit, address of the unit, telephone. The article describes the stages of maintaining a career guidance activity page. The list of elements that are part of the career guidance topic of the post has been defined: the name of the specialty; the name of the department that trains specialists in the chosen specialty; terms of study; form of education; cost of education; contact information of the department; license volume. The tools and methods of information and advertising activities of departments of higher education institutions presented in the work were implemented at the Department of Social Communications and Information Activities of Lviv Polytechnic National University for three years.

Multiple Mini Viva as an Online Assessment Tool for Postgraduate Anatomy Programme: The USM’s Experience Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic

Assessment is fundamental to student learning as it shapes student learning behaviour. Designing a holistic assessment is a demanding task because it involves evaluations of both cognitive and noncognitive competencies. The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 has led to many changes in the assessment practice of higher education institutions. To ensure the sustainability of education provision to all students, assessment activities in higher education institutions are mainly conducted through online platform, and the task becomes more challenging. Hence, we introduce a new holistic assessment method, the multiple mini viva (MMV), that is used in the assessment of the Master of Science (Clinical Anatomy) programme in Universiti Sains Malaysia. The MMV was adopted from the framework of multiple mini interview that is commonly used for the student selection process in medical and allied health sciences programmes. This form of assessment was first implemented to address the drawbacks of the classical viva voce, and it could assess students’ cognitive skills, including various interpersonal competencies such as communication skills, critical thinking and professional behaviour. In this article, we describe the practice of the classical face-to-face and online MMV with regard to its purpose, process, advantages and challenges. The implications and suggestions for the future practice of anatomy assessment are also elaborated.

PROBLEMS AND CONTRADICTIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT EDUCATIONAL PROJECT WORK OF STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR

The article highlights the problems and contradictions in the organization of independent educational project work of students during distance learning (online learning) in war conditions, which affect the quality of providing educational services in these conditions. It has been established that today there are a number of factors that directly affect the activities of higher education institutions and, in particular, subjects of the educational process in the conditions of Russian military aggression against Ukraine. It was determined that among student youth, there are certain problems regarding the assimilation of academic disciplines. Based on the analysis of students' answers to the questions of the anonymous questionnaire, which consists of 48 questions, the following problems were identified: insufficient level of students' ability to work independently on mastering the content of studies, lack of innovative methods of organizing students' independent work in war conditions, low level of use of information technologies and project activities, limited communication between the scientific-pedagogical worker and the student and the students of education among themselves. The results of questionnaires and interviews with students show that the implementation of the competence approach in the organization of their independent project work requires the creation of such organizational and pedagogical conditions under which each of them will have the opportunity to maximally realize not only their knowledge, but also personal and creative abilities, demonstrating a sufficient level awareness of the importance of completed tasks as a prerequisite for the formation of important professional and pedagogical qualities of the future educator. Key words: anonymous survey, future specialists in the field of education, institution of higher education, independent project work of students, methodical guide, online-learning, project technology of learning, scientific and pedagogical worker, war.

Measuring of the Economic Efficiency of Higher Education: Theoretical and Methodological Aspects

Russia’s war against Ukraine has led to a significant increase in attention to the economic efficiency of all types of human and material resources being used currently and in future to ensure victory and especially for the post-war recovery of the country. In this regard, the need for scientific substantiation of measuring the economic efficiency of production and provision of services in the field of higher education, being financed by significant amounts of funds from the state and regional budgets, various institutional units of the economy and households, is beyond doubt. The main problem, the solution of which was set as the goal of the article, has been recognized as a lack of scientifically based legal acts approved at the appropriate institutional level in Ukraine, containing provisions on measuring the economic efficiency of obtaining higher education in the conditions of the post-war recovery of the sphere of higher education in Ukraine. The article analyzes the main international and national institutes, in particular, a number of foreign and Ukrainian publications revealing the issue of measuring the economic efficiency of obtaining higher education. The article also presents the results of the analysis of the main indicators of the network and educational activity of higher education institutions of Ukraine, the volumes of state funding of the sphere of higher education of Ukraine in 2005-2020, offers theoretical and methodological proposals and recommendations regarding the institutional regulation of measuring the economic efficiency of obtaining higher education in Ukraine. It is recommended that the measurement of the economic efficiency of obtaining higher education in Ukraine should be carried out separately for: applicants of higher education; higher education institutions; in Ukraine as a whole in accordance with the provisions of the SNR 2008; Methodological provisions for calculating the gross domestic product approved by the Order of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine dated September 17, 2018 No. 187; Methodology of National Education Accounts, UNESCO, 2016 .

INNOVATIVE ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A DRIVER OF TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGE IN HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

The purpose of the work is the study of the complex essence of higher education as anintegral part of the anthroposphere (technosphere); definition of the main fundamental tasks of innovativeacademic (university) entrepreneurship; studying the main types of innovations initiated by academiccapitalism in the higher education system, which can lead to innovative changes and their classification;determination of the main objects of innovation activity in the field of higher education and science andexpedient directions of further innovative development of higher education in Ukraine; studying the typesof innovations in the higher education system.The authors consider innovative transformations in the field of higher education and science asobjectively conditioned transformational changes caused by the environment of academic capitalism. Thecore of the study is academic or university entrepreneurship, based on market relations spread byacademic capitalism in the field of scientific and educational activities of higher education institutions, research institutions, and other institutions and organizations in this field. An important basis of scientificwork is the application for national conditions of the theory of triple helix Etskowitz’s innovativedevelopment of society.The scientific novelty is that the authors: studied the world experience of innovative changes in highereducation and science taking place in the environment of academic capitalism; formulated and proposedtheoretical data for new approaches in understanding the innovative transformations in the field of highereducation and science, which are economic categories and occur according to the laws of the market;proposed new approaches for further innovative reform of higher education and science in the context ofacademic capitalism. A new scientific term of “innovatics of higher education” has been put intocirculation.Provisions on the uniqueness of the essence of higher education, the main fundamental tasks ofinnovative academic (university) entrepreneurship, types of innovations initiated by academic capitalismin higher education, which can lead to innovative changes, and their classification as theoretical, andpractical significance for the development of domestic science and higher education are proposed. Alsothe main objects of innovative activity in the field of higher education and science, appropriate areas forfurther innovative development of higher education in Ukraine, as well as types of innovations in highereducation that can lead to innovative changes are identified.

СУЧАСНІ АСПЕКТИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ І ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ

Розглянуто деякі аспекти і технології донесення знань у період пандемії COVID-19 і повномасштабного воєнного вторгнення РФ в Україну, яке спричинило окупацію окремих регіонів і руйнування багатьох закладів освіти на територіях ведення активних бойових дій. Чимало дітей разом з батьками залишили територію України і мають суттєві проблеми навіть у навчанні в онлайн-режимі. Абітурієнти, які опинилися на тимчасово окупованих територіях, змушені уникати поширеної практики ворога русифікувати навчальний процес і нав’язати свої методологічні наративи. Частина професорсько-викладацького складу припинила свою професійну діяльність у вітчизняних закладах вищої освіти. Такі труднощі в освітньому процесі України пов’язано, зокрема, з доступом потенційних користувачів до онлайн-середовища, з виниклими проблемами в діяльності закладів вищої освіти. З огляду на це, запропоновано напрями їх вирішення в процесі цифровізації освітньої діяльності, проаналізовано динаміку наявності електронно-цифрових засобів у населення України, розроблено модель донесення знань до учнів і студентів у період пандемії і війни. Деталізовано майбутні вимоги до освіти в процесі цифровізації і структуровано виклики, що постануть перед закладами вищої освіти в майбутньому. Обґрунтовано напрями розвитку і застосування технологій штучного інтелекту в освітній сфері. Запропоновано трикомпонентну блок-схему «дорожньої карти» поступальних дій щодо впровадження штучного інтелекту в систему підготовки кадрів закладами вищої освіти. Доведено необхідність інституціонального вдосконалення діяльності закладів вищої освіти, модернізації їх технологічної сфери, запропоновано вектори розвитку штучного інтелекту. Визначено галузі застосування нейротехнологій і етичні межі їх використання. Актуалізовано необхідність синхронізації дій закладів вищої освіти, стейкхолдерів і користувачів для досягнення синергетичного ефекту від цифровізації і впровадження штучного інтелекту в освітню діяльність.

A Comparative Analysis of the Institutional Quality Evaluation Processes in Turkish, European, and American Higher Education Systems

Changing economic, cultural, political, and social conditions worldwide have a big impact on higher education. Under the influence of changing conditions, the functional scope of higher education institutions has expanded and new functions have been added. In addition to these changes, the demand for higher education institutions is increasing day by day in terms of education, research, and service to society. The expanding functions of higher education and its deepening impact on society call for quality activities of higher education institutions. Therefore, institutional quality evaluation processes are carried out in higher education institutions. This study aims to analyze and compare institutional quality evaluation processes applied in Turkish, European, and American higher education systems. The findings obtained are important as they will contribute to the Higher Education Quality Council of Türkiye, quality commissions in higher education institutions, and other researchers who will conduct scientific studies on this subject. It is a descriptive and qualitative study whose sample consists of institutional quality evaluation agencies from Türkiye, England, Norway, Finland, and the United States of America. The data in the study were collected and analyzed by applying the document analysis method. The findings indicate that institutional external evaluation or audit models are used in Türkiye, England, Norway, and Finland while an institutional accreditation system is used in the USA. Although the quality evaluation processes applied are generally similar in terms of basic objectives, assessed dimensions, assessment approach, people involved in the implementation of the assessment, and assessment type, there are differences in aspects such as the management, coordination, and recognition practices of the countries’ higher education systems. Taking into account national circumstances, the institutional quality evaluation processes in the Turkish higher education system should be organized and implemented in a systematic way to ensure quality higher educational practice.

To the question of creating an open ecological geographic information system

Access to information about the state of the environment is an inalienable right of Ukrainian citizens, so the development and improvement of ways to provide information to the population with environmental data is of high social importance. A valuable source of reliable environmental data that can be used to inform the public are the results of scientific research on the state of the environment, which are produced by the activities of higher education institutions. This article considers the possibilities of using web-GIS services by higher education institutions as a means of communicating environmental information to the general public. Purpose. To create an open geographic information system that should represent the database of environmental geodata obtained in the process of educational and scientific work of students and staff of the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences. Methods. Analysis of the stock materials of the Institute of Ecology for the needs of forming a geodatabase, development of the structure of the attributive web-GIS database and testing the functionality of the ArcGIS Online cloud mapping platform service for exporting, updating, storing, searching and visualizing data presentation in web-GIS. Results. A methodical algorithm for the development and creation of web-GIS is proposed and tested, consisting of the following stages: 1) selection of the technological base of development; 2) analysis of materials providing input information; 3) development of the structure of the attributive database of the project; 4) preparation of geodata sets and their publication on the Internet. As a result of the analysis 144 scientific papers were selected, which will form the information basis for the formation of the web-GIS "EcoSpace". The structure of the attributive database of the web-GIS project was developed, consisting of 4 content blocks and 11 types of descriptive data. 3 sets of test data were prepared, which showed successful results of export and visualization of geodata represented by different types of geometric vector primitives (linear, point and polygonal objects). Conclusions. A prototype of the web-GIS "EcoSpace" (https://institute-of-environmental-sciences-data-portal-carto-lab.hub.arcgis.com/) was developed in the environment of the ArcGIS Online Internet service, which can be used to publish information about the state of the environment contained in the results of scientific research of students and staff of the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences. The information content of the web-GIS "EcoSpace" has been started, in particular, the results of three scientific projects concerning the state of soil resources of Kharkiv district of Kharkiv region have been entered.

Education 4.0 in the Era of Fourth Industrial Revolution

The current study facilitates the discussion on implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) on education. World technological development and digitalization are unmistakable tokens of the 4IR; they will undoubtedly have a positive impact on transition to Education 4.0. Authors examine the key challenges and features of the 4IR for the Russian educational system. The fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0) is changing the world around us. IR4.0 has a key role in the evolution of education system. Within range of this article, the author focuses on researching important impacts of the fourth industrial revolution in coming time: training activities of higher education institutions; curriculum content, teaching methods , learning environment, methods, materials, equipment, demand and process of learners have many changes. On that basis, the author analyzes some orientations for the higher education development in the context of the fourth industrial revolution.