Active Way Of Life Research Articles

RESEARCH OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

The aim of the research: To determine effective techniques for researching the quality of life of patients with diabetic retinopathy, conduct surveys, and analyze the obtained results.
 Materials and Methods: Bibliosemantic and analytical methods, sociological and statistical methods were employed. A standardized quality of life questionnaire, SF-36, was used. The study population consisted of 30 outpatient patients (22 females and 8 males) who are affiliated with the State Institution of Science «Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine» State Administrative Department, suffering from diabetes with diabetic retinopathy.
 Results and Discussion: In medical practice, "health-related quality of life" (HRQL) refers to the comprehensive characterization of a patient's physical, psychological, social, and emotional well-being, as assessed based on their subjective perception.
 Key requirements for modern questionnaires include universality, reliability, sensitivity to changes in the health status of each patient, reproducibility, and ease of use. Additionally, these questionnaires should be standardized, meaning they have a consistent set of standard questions and response options for all respondents, and they should allow for quantitative assessment of psychophysical well-being. In Europe, the most commonly used general-type questionnaire is the EuroQol (EQ-5D), while in the United States, the American questionnaire SF-36 and its variations (SF-22, SF-20, SF-12) are widely recognized.
 During our research, the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQL) was conducted using the SF-36 questionnaire, which patients filled out by hand. The study population consisted of 30 outpatient patients (22 females and 8 males) suffering from diabetes with diabetic retinopathy of the second and third degree of severity (preproliferative and proliferative).
 Conclusions: The only element of self-perception of the disease that was found to be prognostically favorable for health-related quality of life (HRQL) is anosognostic attitudes oriented towards continuing an active way of life and a drive for self-realization. The pronounced maladaptive component of self-perception of the disease is associated with a decrease in HRQL both overall and in specific areas. It is not excluded that the tendency to attach excessive significance to the disease creates a favorable ground for the emergence of emotional problems and the development of intra- and interpersonal conflicts, both related and unrelated to the illness.

Pro-health measures as a creator of new behavior norms and attitudes.

The monograph analyzes health behaviors and main factors on the basis of which it is possible to transform a lifestyle generally focused on the well-being of an individual and society. According to WHO, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not only the absence of a disease. The definition clearly explains its multidimensional and multithreaded character dependent subjectively on every individual and on social and cultural conditions. Health in its general meaning becomes a subjective human feeling. Each individual plays an important role in the process of providing it. Good health condition can be achieved by proper nutrition, regular doctor's check-up visits and active way of life. Health behaviors are still a key element of the daily activity of everyone. Despite the fact that full knowledge of the concept of "healthy lifestyle" prevails, still many people avoid categorical statements. In response to questions about lifestyle, a significant number of respondents often indicate an intention or willingness to change, or to partially comply with the requirements, which results from weakness and lack of determination in action. Knowledge supported by the offer of attractive models that promote the right patterns of behavior can have a positive impact on the global health of the society.

The role of moral values in the professional self-realization of technical university students

Introduction. The article examines the moral sphere of technical university students and various aspects of socialization, as well as the development of the personality of undergraduate students from the first to the fourth year. The authors focus on the contradictory and crisis situation in the field of education of young generation in modern Russia and emphasize the need to create a strategy of education at the university taking into account modern conditions. The article looks at the interdependent influence of terminal and instrumental values in the professional self-realization of technical university students with the help of valid and reliable psychodiagnostic methods of personality research. An in-depth statistical analysis reveals the hidden relationship between multiple human values. The authors provide the map of the value landscape of students’ personality and analyze the relevance of the leading values such as active way of life, life wisdom, health, interesting work, beauty of nature and art, love, financially secure life, the presence of good and true friends, public recognition, knowledge, intellectual development, etc. This makes it possible to understand the features of professional self-realization of students. Problem statement. The evaluation of the motivational component of the values under study provides an opportunity to discover the resources of the educational process.Methodology of the study. Grouping of numerous values into certain factors and blocks is aimed at a more detailed study of the main aspects that facilitate the process of self-knowledge and professional self-realization of students of a technical university.Results. The research material makes it possible to detect competing values, as well as contradictions between the declared and real values. Moreover, it helps to find resources and give recommendations on eliminating possible obstacles in professional self-realization, formation and adaptation of a competent specialist to all participants of the educational process.Conclusions. The generalized results can be successfully used in practical work, in particular, in motivational trainings for students at any stage of training and the creation of new technologies in the professional orientation of first-year students. Working with values is supposed to optimize the development of students’ personal potential.

Реабілітація після ендопротезування хворих із тяжким типом дисплазії тазостегнового суглоба

Вступ. Медична реабілітація являє собою комплекс лікувальних заходів, спрямованих на відновлення та розвиток фізіологічних функцій хворого, на виявлення та активацію компенсаторних можливостей його організму з метою забезпечення в подальшому умов для повернення хворого до активного способу життя. Основні вимоги до реабілітації — ранній початок, наступність, послідовність та чітке дотримання методичних вимог залежно від віку та стану пацієнта. Матеріали і методи. Матеріалом для даної роботи став аналіз результатів ендопротезування 50 хворих із дисплазією тазостегнового суглоба Crowe III, IV типу, яким виконано 63 ендопротезування тазостегнового суглоба, із них 13 хворим ендопротезування було виконано з обох сторін. З дисплазією Crowe III типу було 42 випадки і Crowe IV — 21 випадок. Серед оперованих пацієнтів було 45 (90 %) жінок і 5 (10 %) чоловіків. Оцінку результатів проводили за шкалою Harris. Результати і їх обговорення. Результати ендопротезування тазостегнового суглоба при тяжкій дисплазії спостерігалися в термін від 6 місяців до 12 років. Після ендопротезування при тривалому спостереженні отримано покращання стану тазостегнового суглоба в середньому до оперативного лікування з 41,7 ± 4,1 (незадовільний результат) до 84,6 ± 6,5 бала після операції у віддаленому періоді, що відповідало доброму стану тазостегнового суглоба за шкалою Harris. Висновки. Пацієнти після ендопротезування розпочинали ходьбу на другий-третій день після операції. Пацієнти, яким виконували ендопротезування із застосуванням безцементної та гібридної фіксації компонентів, ходили з навантаженням на оперовану кінцівку до 30 % ваги тіла та поступовим збільшенням тривалості ходьби. При ендопротезуванні із застосуванням цементної фіксації компонентів дозволяли навантажувати оперовану кінцівку до 80 %. Через 4–6 тижнів після операції пацієнти ходили без милиць, із повним навантаженням на кінцівку. Пацієнтам із тяжким типом дисплазії тазостегнового суглоба, яким виконували пластику покрівлі тазостегнової западини при ендопротезуванні, рекомендовано подовжувати реабілітацію до 16–24 тижнів після операції з обмеженням навантаження на оперовану кінцівку. Після рентгенологічного контролю й підтвердження перебудови трансплантата — ходити за допомогою палиці, а через 1–2 тижні без неї. Своєчасно проведена реабілітація в післяопераційному періоді дозволяє відновити силу м’язів і рухи в оперованому суглобі та повернути хворого до повноцінного способу життя.

Effects of Resistant Starch Interventions on Metabolic Biomarkers in Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes Adults.

Simple lifestyle changes can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to maintaining a physically active way of life, the diet has become one of the bases in managing TD2M. Due to many studies linking the ability of resistant starch (RS) to a substantial role in enhancing the nutritional quality of food and disease prevention, the challenge of incorporating RS into the diet and increasing its intake remains. Therefore, we conducted this review to assess the potential benefits of RS on metabolic biomarkers in pre-diabetes and diabetes adults based on available intervention studies over the last decade. Based on the conducted review, we observed that RS intake correlates directly to minimize possible effects through different mechanisms for better control of pre-diabetic and diabetic conditions. In most studies, significant changes were evident in the postprandial glucose and insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC). Comparative evaluation of RS consumption and control groups also showed differences with inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and E-selectin. Only RS2 and RS3 were extensively investigated and widely reported among the five reported RS types. However, a proper comparison and conclusion are deemed inappropriate considering the variations observed with the study duration, sample size, subjects and their metabolic conditions, intervention doses, and the intervention base products. In conclusion, this result provides interesting insights into the potential use of RS as part of a sustainable diet in diabetes management and should be further explored in terms of the mechanism involved.

TO STUDY THE AWARENESS OF HEALTH AMONGST SECONDARY STANDARD STUDENT

Now a days, teenagers or adolescents have change in comparison with the teens in past, taking into account their eating habits, an active way of life, spending free time and clothes. They are a “technology” generation .Every teenager needs a balance diet, appropriate personal hygiene and physical activities in fresh air eg: walking, cycling, jogging, swimming etc. They find gadgets like computers, smart phones, tabs, note pads etc. more interesting than these physical activities. All in all it can be stated that today’s teen life is more complex depending on various factors. But out of this Nutrition, Physical activity and sleep plays a very important role in their health.

『잘자요, 엄마』에 나타난 자발적 죽음과 적극적인 삶의 선택에 관한 문제 고찰

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 The purpose of this study is to analyze the resistance to the male-centered society and the choice of subjective life through the spontaneous death of women in Marsha Norman"s "Night Mother. Norman focuses on building trust or communication between women as a strategy to establish a subjective female voice in a male-oriented society. Norman presents a hopeful possibility in that it is seeking to expand the cognitive that communication and formation of close relationships between women are very important. In the end, Jessie uses her gun as a means of protection from the threats posed by the male-centered society, and through it, attempts a strong resistance to her male-centered society. Now, Jesse does not live a passive life from the oppressive situation around her, but embodies an active way of life through the choice of death. #Marsha Norman #’Night Mother #Spontaneous Death #Female Voice #Relationship #마샤 노만 #『잘자요, 엄마』 #자발적 죽음 #여성의 목소리 #관계 Ⅰ. 서론Ⅱ. 전통적 가치의 순응Ⅲ. 결론인용문헌Abstract

The possible development of the rural – agrotourism in Hungary

As a consequence of the pandemia of coronavirus 19, in 2020-21, there is an increasing demand for the internal tourism, and among the alternative touristic products, the village- and agrotourism gaining higher popularity, as the other rural lifestyle touristic products. Thus, as a result of this fact, the Hungarian Touristic Agency, and The National Union of Rural-and Agrotourism (FATOSZ), togeather with the Government, decided to increase the quality of the touristic products. The aim of the ammendment of the National Strategy of Development of Tourism 2.0, is to establish sustainable, quality, rural tourism, and taking working people in agriculture into tourism. It benefits supplementary income for local people working in agriculture, and thus helps to implement integral rural development. Within the rural tourism, the agrotourism connected directly to the agricultural production, to the produced products, the realization of them, and running of the accomodation. To implement sustainable tourism, the responsible tourist aim to do the less impact on the environment and culture of the visited countryside. The caused harm is minimized by a responsible tourist, and interested in active way of life, and get acquanted with the local folk art.

Morphological status of students with different level of motor activity

A study of the effect of motor activity on the health condition of students that generalizes peculiarities of the morphological status and of physical development on the whole, permits to identify mechanisms controlling health factors.
 Aim. Determination of the peculiarities of the dynamics of morphological status of students with different levels of motor activity in the period of study at aninstitution of higher education (IHE).
 Materials and Methods. A prospective study of physical health of 630 students of 17-22 years of age in the period from 2010 to 2018. In students, the body length, body mass, chest circumference and other parameters were measured and the somatotype was determined every year in the period of study at anIHE (5 years).
 Results. It was found that in the period of study at anIHE, growth processes continued only in 51.9% of examined boys and gradually terminated at 21-22 years of age, and in 36.9 % of girls with termination at 21-22 years. In most students increment of the body mass and chest circumference was recorded, there were also found boys and girls with these parameters remaining unchanged during period of study at anIHE, and in some cases their decline was found. The increment of the body mass and chest circumference was demonstrated to slow down with termination of growth processes, but did not stop altogether which resulted in increase in the amount of students with excessive weight. This was also facilitated by reduction of the level of motor activity in senior years when physical culture classes are no longer included into the curriculum. The dependence of growth processes in boys and girls at the age of 17-22 years on the level of motor activity was revealed that influenced the speed and direction of increment of the total dimensions of the body and the type of body-build. According to our data, the majority of boys support a high level of motor activity to buildup the body mass, and girls lead an active way of life to decrease the body mass and to keep it on the optimal level.

HEALTH OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN- SOME MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

In contemporary society child health is perceived as socially significant and its promotion and care includes knowledge from the psychological, pedagogical, social, medical and biological sciences. The overall children’s upbringing is aimed at promoting a healthy and active way of life. An essential aspect of preschool upbringing is the care for physical health and mental well-being. The present article discusses some medical and social aspects related to healthcare of preschool children. Some of the most important aspects of promoting the health of preschool children are physical activity, personal hygiene and body conditioning. Furthermore, the healthy lifestyle of the parents is of crucial importance. The child undergoes an important part of his/her development until the age of 7 which is related to his/her physical health as well as to his/her personal traits. This imposes the necessity for creating a solid background of knowledge and skills to lead a healthy lifestyle.

How people value different ecosystems within the Great Barrier Reef

Natural ecosystems hold great place within the hearts and lives of people, particularly those within which people live and work. However, whether people equally value natural ecosystems that they regularly frequent is effectively unknown. Such knowledge would greatly assist natural resource managers to better understand what they are protecting, why and for whom. In this paper we look at the different values that people hold for different ecosystems within the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). We test the relationship between eight different cultural values (using ecosystem services framing), and the use of seven different ecosystems (beaches, creeks and estuaries, islands and cays, inshore reefs, mid-shelf and outer reefs, open water, and shipwrecks) from face-to-face surveys of 1934 residents living within the GBR. We also look at whether the relationships that people have with each ecosystem inspires them to; (i) do more to help protect the GBR, (ii) learn more about the GBR, and (iii) feel personally affected if the health of the GBR declines. Results suggest that there are common reasons why all ecosystems are valued. All seven ecosystems were valued because they provide identity, quality of life and well-being, and inspired people to do more to help protect the GBR. Many were valued for their desirable and active way of life, learning about the environment through scientific discoveries, and learning about the condition of the GBR. However, some ecosystems were valued for special reasons. People that used beaches tended to have more pride in the World Heritage Area status of the GBR and appreciated the aesthetics of the GBR. People that used the mid-shelf and open-water areas were more likely to value biodiversity and aesthetics qualities. People that used inshore reefs were more likely to value economic benefits from the GBR. All residents said that they would be personally affected if the health of the GBR declined, except for those that used beaches, creeks and estuaries. Levels of concern for each of the ecosystems within the GBR varied, where people were more concerned about inshore areas than they were about coral reef condition. Specifically, people were most concerned about the level of rubbish on the beaches in their region and least about mangroves. These results suggest that, even though the GBR is valued in its entirety for many reasons, the GBR is not perceived as an entire ecosystem, but that people have different relationships within it. We discuss how environmental sustainability might be optimised through understanding and incentivising the multi-functionality of landscapes.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND OLDER ADULTS

Physical activity among the older population of Bulgaria is a matter related to health prevention, improving the quality of life and recovery after illness. In this work, we present data from a study held with people aged 65-80 years, citizens of Sofia city. Our goal was to determine the place of physical exercise in their daily lives and the role of sports teacher for the formation of motivation in them for leading an active lifestyle. The analysis shows lack of information on the wide variety of motor activities suitable for this age group as well as low level of motivation for sport activities. We conclude that it is necessary to provide sources of information to the people of the third age, which will educate them about the benefits of the active way of life and what possibilities for access to various sports activities are there. Medium intensity workout or a daily walk outdoors would help not only to improve their fitness level but also to maintain the necessary mental health and social activity.

THE RESULTS OF THE MONITORING OF THE MERCURY CONTAMINATION WITHIN A MEGAPOLIS

Introduction. Macromycetes include mercury compounds in their metabolism processes. The method for assessing the contamination of the soil layer (topsoil) by mercury by estimating the mercury content in the mushrooms is accessible and sufficiently informative. Mercury is a persistent inorganic ecotoxicant, it enters the human body from the environment. This process requires constant monitoring of the content of this hazardous metal in the environment and the in biomaterials of the human organism. Material and methods. The object of the study was selected bracket macromycetes growing on open soil areas: lawns, boulevards, parks, squares, etc. There were studied representatives from the fungal families as follows: Agaricacea, Boletaceae, Russu-laceae, Coprinaceae. Mushrooms were collected in the stage of sporulation, in the spring-summer-autumn period from 2002 to 2017. The determination of mercury in fungi was performed by atomic absorption method on specialized mercury analyzers of the “Julia” series (detection limit of 1 ng/g, the error of the method is not more than 15%). Mercury content in hair was determined in 1153 St. Petersburg residents aged from 0 to 80 years using atomic emission and mass spectrometry methods with inductively coupled argon plasma on devices Elan 9000 (Perkin Elmer, USA) and Optima 2000 V (Perkin Elmer, USA). Results. The results of the analysis of mushrooms collected in 2017 on one of the green streets of the industrial district of Saint-Petersburg demonstrate a high degree of mercury contamination of the megapolis. Mushrooms (Cinereus comatus) were collected at three locations of Alameda, separated by approximately 100 m, and were analyzed for the content of mercury in them. The following values of mercury in mushrooms were got is a 0.61 mg/kg, 0.83 mg/kg and 0.35 mg/kg. The hair of 1153 inhabitants of St.-Petersburg has been analyzed for mercury content. The highest concentrations of mercury have been established to be set at working population aged 18-64 years. This fact can be explained by the professional activities associated with the contact with mercury and active way of life, particularly with greater frequency of the use in the diet of mushrooms and other products, being potential sources of mercury. Discussion. The performed studies show the mercury concentration to be not only generalized but also stable. The pollution of the territory of St. Petersburg is little different from the pollution of the territories of other cities, where the mercury content in mushrooms is also found to be high in comparison with the permissible level. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate a high stable contamination of the territory of St. Petersburg and its nearest suburbs with mercury. Mercury and its compounds in environmental objects (mushrooms) can present the real danger to the health of the population, therefore there is a need for non-invasive monitoring of the content of mercury in biomaterials of the human organism and environmental objects.

Risk of occurence and prophylaxis of bronchospasm in representatives of athletic kinds of sports

The problem of bronchospasm caused by physical activity is relevant both, in the sport of high achievements and for those who lead an active way of life. The high prevalence of BFL in the sport of high achievements is due to intense physical activity, the influence of climatic factors and the conditions of the training process. However, athletes who regularly do sports and have BFL, experience symptoms of obstruction all the time. Moreover, physical activity can provoke inflammation of the respiratory tract with the synthesis of cysteine leukotrienes, leukocytic infiltration of the mucosa and some other features. Mediators play an important role in the mechanisms of development of BFN. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LT) are the main factors that determine both severity and duration of symptoms of asthma. Cisteinil LT contribute to the development of bronchospasm, the greatest biological activity is characterized by LT C4, which is further transformed into a metabolite of LT E4 through the LT D4. A number of studies have found that the presence of clinical symptoms of difficult breathing, according to the results of the survey, is not a reliable indicator of BFN and requires objective confirmation in the form of an examination of the function of external respiration after exercise. It is known that athletes actively training with PFN there is a significant increase in the excretion of LT E4 and 9α, 11β-prostaglandin F2 in the urine, as well as the indicators of LT C4 and B4 in blood plasma after intense physical activity. In addition, physical activity has a powerful stimulating effect on cysteine luteum production, enhancing the expression of genes encoding the 5-lipoxygenase transformation pathway of arachidonic acid. 30% athletes of athletic sport show BFL availability. The exercise test should be conducted under certain conditions. During the test, a high level of ventilation of the lungs should be maintained. The use of load testing to detect bronchoconstriction induced by FN has a high predictive value. The article are presents the results of the study of respiratory system in athletes engaged in athletic sports (powerlifting, arm wrestling, weightlifting and weight training). We studied the parameters of spirometry and pneumothachometry in a state of rest, after the simulation of physical activity, as well as in the process of recovery. Using the analysis of the obtained indicators and their statistical processing, the probability of the occurrence of bronchospasm of physical activity was established, which may complicate the ventilation of the lungs. Preventive measures of the BFL from persons regularly engaged in sports are an important part of the training process. LFK complexes consist of daily aerobic workloads and follow-up breathing exercises. The criteria for the effectiveness of preventive measures are indicators of lungs function, level of physical capacity (PWC), optimization of ventilatory response to physical activity, reduction of bronchial reactivity. Methods of exercise therapy and respiratory gymnastics are directly relevant to improving the quality of life, and can act as a method of nonspecific therapy.

The Positive Relationships of Playfulness With Indicators of Health, Activity, and Physical Fitness.

Adult playfulness is a personality trait that enables people to frame or reframe everyday situations in such a way that they experience them as entertaining, intellectually stimulating, or personally interesting. Earlier research supports the notion that playfulness is associated with the pursuit of an active way of life. While playful children are typically described as being active, only limited knowledge exists on whether playfulness in adults is also associated with physical activity. Additionally, existing literature has not considered different facets of playfulness, but only global playfulness. Therefore, we employed a multifaceted model that allows distinguishing among Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical playfulness. For narrowing this gap in the literature, we conducted two studies addressing the associations of playfulness with health, activity, and fitness. The main aim of Study 1 was a comparison of self-ratings (N = 529) and ratings from knowledgeable others (N = 141). We tested the association of self- and peer-reported playfulness with self- and peer-reported physical activity, fitness, and health behaviors. There was a good convergence of playfulness among self- and peer-ratings (between r = 0.46 and 0.55, all p < 0.001). Data show that both self- and peer-ratings are differentially associated with physical activity, fitness, and health behaviors. For example, self-rated playfulness shared 3% of the variance with self-rated physical fitness and 14% with the pursuit of an active way of life. Study 2 provides data on the association between self-rated playfulness and objective measures of physical fitness (i.e., hand and forearm strength, lower body muscular strength and endurance, cardio-respiratory fitness, back and leg flexibility, and hand and finger dexterity) using a sample of N = 67 adults. Self-rated playfulness was associated with lower baseline and activity (climbing stairs) heart rate and faster recovery heart rate (correlation coefficients were between −0.19 and −0.24 for global playfulness). Overall, Study 2 supported the findings of Study 1 by showing positive associations of playfulness with objective indicators of physical fitness (primarily cardio-respiratory fitness). The findings represent a starting point for future studies on the relationships between playfulness, and health, activity, and physical fitness.

Conservative therapy options for the treatment of coxarthrosis in the early stage of the condition

Aim: Arthrosis of the hip joint is a condition that is becoming more and more common-it affects 1% of the population and constitutes a serious problem for their working efficiency and active way of life. The deforming arthrosis limits the functional capacity of the affected patients, worsens their quality of life and leads to incapacitation of the patients. The treatment of patients with coxarthrosis has to be planned and carried out comprehensively, in accordance with the pathological findings, the stage, duration and individual abilities of each patient. In the early stages of the condition, conservative therapy plays an essential role in the prophylaxis of complications and in slowing down the process. Physical and rehabilitation methods, in combination with medicamentous therapy, yield good results. This article focuses on the application of the comprehensive effect of conservative physiotherapeutic methods and complementary drug therapy in the early stage of coxarthrosis. The aim of the study is to investigate the efficiency of the combined application of physiotherapeutic electrical procedures and kinesitherapy methods and means in the treatment of coxarthrosis in the initial stage. Material and Methods: 18 out-patients with coxarthrosis at an average age of 68, were subjected to a treatment schedule including: interferential current, low-frequency magnetic field, ultra phoresis with non-steroid anti-inflammatory medications, followed by a program of remedial exercise administered in 2 courses of 7 d at ‘St. Panteleymon’ Hospital in Plovdiv, in the period from September 2017 to May 2018. Results: The range of motion in terms of degrees exhibits a tendency towards increasing at the end of the course of therapy, as compared to that at the beginning of the course. The results from the initial and final muscle tests of the hip joint showed an improvement of the muscle function (from a degree of 3.50 to a degree of 4.50). Conclusion: In patients with coxarthrosis in the initial stage, the pain subsides after the physical and rehabilitation therapy administered in combination with medications.

ГОРОДСКАЯ СРЕДА КАК НЕОБХОДИМОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ УСЛОВИЕ РАЗВИТИЯ АКТИВНОГО ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ И АКТИВНОГО ТУРИЗМА

The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities and peculiarities of the city environment from the point of view of providing the necessary conditions for the active city lifestyle and active tourism. Cities are interested in the develop- ment of tourism, as an industry that actively attracts investments in the economy, creating a huge variety of workplaces and selfemployment, contributing to the growth of the tax base, preserving local uniqueness and historical and cultural heritage that stimulates creative industries. Obviously, it is impossible, and it is not necessary to create two different cities – “for tourists” and “for citizens”. It means that infrastructure, including transport, street network, cafes and restaurants, entertainment and shopping centers, parks and embankments are actively used by both citizens and tourists. Moreover tourists are attracted by the same objects and events that are in demand among local residents. Accordingly, the creation of a comfortable, safe, friendly city environment is a prerequisite for development, both in terms of improving the quality of life of citizens and attracting tourists. Cities are interested in diversifying the offer for tourist and should contribute to the formation of material and unmaterial factors for the active tourism development. Material factors include the corresponding infrastructure, high-quality ecological situation and a number of others. Unmaterial factors are formed on the basis of city culture, one of the values of which is the active way of life. Priority should be given to the development of the infrastructure of safe school routes, stimulating active modes of movement in the daily regime, creating accessible and safe areas for various sports and outdoor activities.

Physical activity of female students in secondary schools in the context of physical activity recommendations fulfilment

PurposeIncreasing energy intake and decreasing movement performance are among the greatest population issues of mankind. Risk elimination consists in returning to physically active way of life. The aim of the paper was to analyse the physical activity of female in selected secondary schools in the Presov district region, Slovakia, from the point of view of physical activity recommendations fulfilment.MethodsThe research group consisted of 353 female students from 14 selected secondary schools in the Presov district region. The students were distributed in four groups according to age (15–18 years).ResultsMore than half of the studied females did not perform movement activity of medium or high intensity. The highest percentage of success rate in the criteria fulfilment was achieved by females of all age categories in walking 5 times per week for the minimum of 30 minutes (W 5 × 30). Only 44.3% of the students aged 15 years and up to 70.8% of those at the age of 18 met at least one criterion of the physical activity recommendations.ConclusionsAs for physical activity recommendations fulfilment, the most successful criterion was performing physical activity regardless of its intensity. Physical activity recommendations seem to be very hard to implement in this age category, especially those concerning intense physical activity.

Declining Physical Performance Associates with Serum FasL, miR-21, and miR-146a in Aging Sprinters

Aging is associated with systemic inflammation and cellular apoptosis accelerating physiological dysfunctions. Whether physically active way of life affects these associations is unclear. This study measured the levels of serum inflammatory and apoptotic molecules, their change over 10 years, and their associations with physical performance in sprint-trained male athletes. HsCRP, cell counts, HGB, FasL, miR-21, and miR-146a were measured cross-sectionally (n = 67, 18–90 yrs) and serum FasL, miR-21, and miR-146a and their aging-related associations with physical performance were assessed over a 10-year follow-up (n = 49, 50–90 yrs). The cross-sectional study showed positive age correlations for neutrophils and negative for lymphocytes, red blood cells, HGB, FasL, and miR-146a. During the 10-year follow-up, FasL decreased (P = 0.017) and miR-21 (P < 0.001) and miR-146a (P = 0.005) levels increased. When combining the molecule levels, aging, and physical performance, FasL associated with countermovement jump and bench press (P < 0.001), miR-21 and miR-146a with knee flexion (P = 0.023; P < 0.001), and bench press (P = 0.004; P < 0.001) and miR-146a with sprint performance (P < 0.001). The studied serum molecules changed in an age-dependent manner and were associated with declining physical performance. They have potential as biomarkers of aging-related processes influencing the development of physiological dysfunctions. Further research is needed focusing on the origins and targets of circulating microRNAs to clarify their function in various tissues with aging.

Pohybové aktivity v kontextu konzumní sedavé společnosti

Purpose of the contribution is related to the fundamental feature of sedentary consumerist society strongly diminishing role and importance of physical activity in everyday life. At the same time sportive physical activity is also very important factor in the process of officiating of the level of healthy and active life style, quality of life and health in general. Method to study position of physical activity in sedentary society is based on discussion of relevent concepts and consequent presentation of most typical conclusions of sociological research relating to levels of physical activity (inactivity) of Czech inhabitants. Sedentary society is confronted with great decline of physical activity at work, households and in transportation. Active transportation, as an indispensable part of healthy active way of life refers to the most reasonable human-powered transportation – walking and cycling. Results of the great emprical research “Physical activity of Czech population“ concluded that most respondents prefer „inactive ways of transportation“ (cars, public transportation system); only less that one quarter of respondents use active ways of transportation (walking, biking). Men are more interested in biking, women in walking. In the Czech cultural setting changing attitude to physical activity as an integral part of everyday active life style is resulting from the changing social structure, in particular the newly establishing middle-class as well from prevalent cultural changes.