Active Role Research Articles

Natural Disaster Mitigation in Jeneponto Regency Indonesia: A Sociology Perspective

This research analyzes the importance of natural disaster mitigation efforts in the context of Jeneponto District, a region in Indonesia that is vulnerable to various types of natural disasters. The purpose of this research is to describe the roles of stakeholders and disaster management strategies in the Jeneponto District. This study used a qualitative approach, where data were collected through interviews and observations. The results showed that natural disaster management in Jeneponto Regency involved the active role of many stakeholders, including government and NGOs, traditional leaders, and community leaders. This confirms the importance of the role of stakeholders in handling natural disasters in Jeneponto District, both in terms of coordination, resource allocation, and development of mitigation strategies. Efforts are needed to strengthen community preparedness, involve various related parties, and respect local culture in disaster management efforts. The results also show that the social construction of disaster management involves a deep understanding of how disaster management is understood, constructed, and implemented in the community. Although many mitigation strategies have been implemented, there is still a need to strengthen community preparedness and improve coordination between the stakeholders involved. Some effective methods in disaster management include preparedness education, community involvement in mitigation planning, and utilization of technology for early warning systems. This article contributes to policy recommendations for improving adaptation and mitigation capacity at the local level. Practical implications include developing training programs, improving security infrastructure, and increasing community awareness of disaster risks.

Proving Disloyalty: Enslaved People and Resistance in Missouri’s Guerrilla Households

Abstract: This work highlights the central role that enslaved people played in Missouri’s guerrilla conflict. During the Civil War, with the loss of male labor to armies and guerrilla bands, households in Missouri became ever more reliant on enslaved labor. This included guerrilla households, meaning that enslaved people played a much more active role in maintaining guerrilla bands than has been previously acknowledged. By aiding guerrillas’ domestic supply lines, enslaved people gained information that could prove their enslaver’s disloyalty. Aware that such information could be exchanged with US officers in return for freedom papers, enslaved people across Missouri seized the opportunity to escape. In effect, their actions created a second supply line, one that moved information out of Missouri’s slaveholding households and onto the desks of provost marshals. Enslaved people made the domestic supply line a tool of resistance and redefined the relationship between the army and Black refugees in Missouri.

Bullous pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune skin disease that affects the scalp: A case report

AbstractPemphigoid, a rare autoimmune skin disease affecting the elderly, requires effective pharmacy management. This includes medication therapy, patient education, and counseling. Understanding pharmacokinetics and potential drug interactions are crucial for optimal treatment and minimizing adverse effects. In this case, the patient is a 65‐year‐old male who was diagnosed with pemphigoid 2 months ago. He is currently taking prednisone, an oral corticosteroid, to manage the symptoms. The pharmacist plays a crucial role in medication therapy by monitoring the patient's response to the medication and adjusting the dosage if necessary. Additionally, patient education is vital in ensuring that the patient understands the importance of adherence to the medication regimen and the potential side effects. The pharmacist can also provide counseling on lifestyle modifications and self‐care measures to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life. Overall, effective pharmacy management is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes and promoting patient well‐being in pemphigoid cases. The pharmacist's role in pemphigoid cases is crucial for effective medication management and patient education. They monitor the patient's response to treatment, make necessary adjustments, and empower them to take an active role in managing their condition. This approach ultimately improves the overall well‐being of patients with pemphigoid.

Pre-operative Neo-adjuvant Chemotherapy Related miRNAs as Key Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer.

In colorectal cancer, the investigation of cancer pathogenesis and the determination of the relevant gene and gene pathways is particularly important to provide a basis for treatment-oriented studies. miRNAs which affect gene regulation in the molecular pathogenesis of cancer, have an active role in carcinogenesis. In the literature, miRNA expression levels have been associated with metastasis and prognosis in different cancers. In our study, expression profiling of miRNAs involved in oncogenic and apoptotic pathways in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy was performed. miRNAs were isolated from three different FFPE tissue samples taken at different times of the same patient (tumor tissue taken at the time of diagnosis, normal tissue samples, and after neoadjuvant therapy). The expression analysis of 84 miRNAs determined by PCR array (Fluidigm, USA) and mediated meta-analysis was performed comparatively to each study and non-cancerous control group. Evaluations were performed with &#916;&#916;CT calculations. As a result of the miRNA PCR array study, in addition to differences were observed in miRNA expression between control and study groups. The potential biomarkers which were hsamiR- 215-5p, hsa-miR-9-59, hsa-miR-193a-5p, hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-96-5p have been detected for possible treatment resistance, prognosis and predispositions to cancers. In patients with colorectal cancer, miRNA expression in the tumoral regions before and after neoadjuvant therapy has represented a variable pattern. It has been shown that miRNA studies can be used to predict the clinical course and response to treatment with differences in expression levels. It has been concluded that specific miRNAs may be candidate biomarkers for colorectal cancer.</p>.

The strategic planning process as an organizational tool

Planning plays a key role in business activities, contributing to the minimization of unforeseen events considering the influence of various factors towards objectives. In this context, the goal of this research was to describe the strategic planning process adopted by a company in Brazil. Methodologically, it is descriptive research regarding the goal and a field study regarding the technical procedures. The form of analysis is characterized as qualitative research. Operationally, a description of the development process of the Strategic Planning was made from the philosophical aspects and environmental analyses, culminating in the application of the 10 Ms and SWOT tools. As a consequence, it was possible to define the objectives and strategies for the organization. Finally, an analysis of the process is presented, suggesting the application of the presented results.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation as a novel mechanism of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs)-induced pulmonary inflammation in chickens.

Microplastics (MPs) have attracted growing attention worldwide as an increasingly prevalent environmental pollutant. In addition, chicken meat is currently the most widely consumed kind of poultry in the global market. Consumer demand for chicken is on the rise both at home and abroad. As a result, the safety of chicken raising has also received significant attention. The lungs play an essential role in the physiological activities of chickens, and they are also the most vulnerable organs. Lung injury is difficult to repair after the accumulation of contaminants, and the mortality rate is high, which brings huge economic losses to farmers. The research on the toxicity of MPs has mainly focused on the marine ecosystem, while the mechanisms of toxicity and lung damage in chickens have been poorly studied. Thus, this study explored the effects of exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) at various concentrations for 42 d on chicken lungs. PS-MPs could cause lung pathologies and ultrastructural abnormalities, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration, chromatin agglutination, and plasma membrane rupture. Simultaneously, PS-MPs increased the expression of genes related to the heat shock protein family (Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90), ER stress signaling (activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), ATF4, protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α (eIF2α)), pyroptosis-related genes (NOD-‍, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1 (Caspase1), and gasdermin-D (GSDMD)), and the inflammatory signaling pathway (nuclear factor-‍κB (NF-‍κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)). The above results showed that PS-MP exposure could result in lung stress, ER stress, pyroptosis, and inflammation in broilers. Our findings provide new scientific clues for further research on the mechanisms of physical health and toxicology regarding MPs.

HARMONIOUS SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A BUSINESS INNOVATION MODEL FOR EMPOWERING INDONESIAN COMMUNITIES THROUGH RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS

Religious organizations possessed significant potential for community empowerment through social entrepreneurship practices. Although social entrepreneurship had emerged as a strategy within religious institutions to bolster congregational and community economies, it had yet to garner adequate attention. This study aimed to identify social entrepreneurship implementations, explore challenges, and formulate a suitable social entrepreneurship model within the context of religious organizations. The research was conducted within a religious organization in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The findings suggested that achieving harmonious social entrepreneurship in Indonesia required an inclusive, collaborative stakeholder approach and increased NGO involvement through mentoring roles in entrepreneurial activities. Through a business innovation model integrated into religious organizations, community well-being could be achieved by synergizing entrepreneurship and spiritual values.

In silico Molecular Docking Approach to Identify Potential Antihypertensive Compounds from Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. Ex D. Don (Armagusa).

Ajuga integrifolia (Armagusa) is used as a decoction to treat high blood pressure and diabetes, widely in Ethiopia. Specific compounds for anti-hypertension activity were not identified so far. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the therapeutic use of A. integrifolia as an antihypertension agent. In silico studies were used to evaluate the antihypertensive components of A. integrifolia. Flavonoids identified using HPLC analysis and iridoid glycosides isolated from A. integrifolia in this study and those isolated from synonyms (A. remota and A. bractosa) were considered in the molecular docking study. Interactions were studied by using Autodock vina (1.2) on PyRx 0.8 and visualizing in 2D and 3D using ligPlot+ and Discovery studio software. Activities like vasoprotection and druglikeness properties were predicted using online servers. Flavonoids such as quercetin, myricetin, and rutin were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis from different extracts of A. integrifolia. Reptoside and 8-O-acetylharpgide isolated from the aerial part of A. integrifolia. The binding energies of all 17 candidates considered in this study range from -10.2 kcal/mol to -7.5 kcal/mol and are lower than enalapril (reference drug: -5.9 kcal/mol). The binding energies, in most case, constitute hydrogen bonding. Biological activity predicted using PASS test also showed that the flavonoids have more probability of activity than the iridoid glycosides. Druglikeness properties of the candidate molecules showed that most follow the Lipinski rule of five with few violations. Lower binding energies involving hydrogen bonding and predicted activities concerning hypertension confirm the traditional use of the aerial part of the medicinal plant concerned. Flavonoids: rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol take the leading role in the antihypertensive activity of the aerial part of A. integrifolia. The iridoid glycosides studied are almost similar in their effect on their antihypertensive activity and still better than the reference drug.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDEPENDENT MOTOR ACTIVITY AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

This article explores the relationship between independent motor activity and academic performance in children and adolescents. The study is based on the analysis of data obtained from a variety of scientific studies conducted in recent decades in the field of psychology, physiology and education. The article examines the effect of physical activity on cognitive functions, concentration level, memory and overall mental performance. The authors also analyze the mechanisms through which physical activity can contribute to improving learning outcomes. The role of regular physical activity in the formation of positive psychophysiological changes that contribute to the improvement of educational skills and increase academic motivation is studied in detail. Possible strategies for integrating physical activity into the educational process are also discussed, taking into account modern learning requirements and taking care of the health of children and adolescents. The results of the study provide useful informationfor educational institutions, educators, parents and educational professionals, allowing them to better understand the relationship between physical activity and successful learning, which can lead to the development of effective strategies to improve overall student academic performance.

Are Effects of COVID-19 Understated? Gender-Based Implications on Income, Coping Strategies and Time Allocation in Ethiopia

This study investigates impacts of COVID-19 on household income, coping strategies, and time allocation challenges using gender-differentiated approach. Data from two rounds of phone surveys conducted in Ethiopia were used. The findings reveal significant impacts of COVID-19 and its containment measures on the income of both male-headed (50 percent) and female-headed households (44 percent). In response to income decline, majority of male (70 percent) and female (64 percent) respondents resorted to saving as a coping strategy. This outcome underscores the prevalent gender disparity in financial inclusion within Ethiopia. A comparative analysis of time allocation for reproductive and domestic activities before and during the pandemic indicates that women allocated more hours than men to these tasks. It is, therefore, crucial to acknowledge and assign value to women's contributions, given their predominant role in reproductive and domestic activities. These activities are essential components of daily life within households and contribute significantly to the overall economy.

MHD stability of spherical tokamak equilibria with non-monotonic q-profiles

We use the 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code M3D-C1 [Jardin et al., Comput. Sci. Discovery 5, 014002 (2012)] to examine the MHD stability and subsequent evolution of NSTX shot 129169. This discharge had a period with a non-monotonic safety factor profile, q (reversed shear), which was terminated by a MHD event that abruptly lowered the central safety factor, q0, and greatly reduced the peakedness of the pressure profile. We show that the equilibrium just before the MHD event occurred was linearly unstable to many pressure-driven infernal modes. Modes with toroidal mode number n≥3 all had rational surfaces very close to the minimum value of q. However, a non-resonant pressure-driven (1, 1) mode was also present, and this dominated the nonlinear evolution. The final state in the simulation, after the MHD activity subsided, had a reduced and flattened pressure profile and a nearly monotonic q-profile, in qualitative agreement with experimental results. The initial state was also unstable to the resistive interchange criteria in the reversed-shear region, but the final state was stable everywhere. The “double tearing mode” (DTM) does not appear to play a role in the MHD activity of this discharge. In Appendix A, we show that in a torus, the DTM is strongly stabilized by pressure, but it is destabilized in cylindrical geometry (which has been the most extensively analyzed in the literature).

ICMS Educação de Santa Catarina: Criação, Aplicação e Perspectivas

Based on the successful case in the state of Ceará, the Constitutional Amendment No. 108/2020 was promulgated, obligating Brazilian states, within two years of its promulgation, to approve laws that included criteria based on educational quality indices in municipal ICMS transfers, considering the socio-economic context of students. In this scenario, the crucial role of the State Court of Accounts of Santa Catarina and other entities in the development of this transfer methodology in the state of Santa Catarina is acknowledged, as approved by State Law No. 18489/2022. This article provides a detailed explanation of the key points of this transfer methodology and its application. Finally, it is expected that the promulgation of this law with the clarified ICMS Education methodology, as outlined in this article, along with the active and present role of professionals from the State Court of Accounts of Santa Catarina, will induce significant impacts on basic education in Santa Catarina.

A collaborative process: child participation in interventions provided by Swedish child and family welfare services

ABSTRACT The right of children to express their views on matters concerning them is a core principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, as defined in Article 12. However, research shows that interventions provided by Swedish child and family welfare services are planned and based on parents’ perspectives even though research suggests that child participation results in welfare service provision that is better matched to the children’s needs. The aim of this study is to explore how child participation is constructed in interventions provided by Swedish child and family welfare services and to study which elements are of importance to this process. The article is based on a qualitative interview study with 14 family social workers and 11 children aged 7–16 with experience of family interventions provided by the child and family welfare services. The results suggest that child participation is a collaborative process in which both the child and the FSW have an active role to play. Participation is constructed through a series of seemingly small, everyday actions in the meeting between the child and the FSW. By actively asking questions and allowing the child to practice participation and influence the process, the FSW can, together with the child, work towards increased child participation in interventions.

The Role Of Information Technology And Work Environment In Improving Teacher Performance

This research was carried out to determine the influence of the work environment and the use of information technology on teachers' performance as educators in this era of digitalization, where effectiveness in the use of information technology and support in the form of an adequate work environment. This research uses a type of quantitative descriptive research using a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The respondents of this research were 45 teachers at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo. Based on age, the majority of the productive period is 37.8%, the remainder are seniors, and most teaching staff at the school are female. The length of work of respondents in this study is 0-10 years, which is more dominant. The level of teacher education is good, and the bachelor's and master's levels of education can support teacher performance. The ability to use information technology and the physical work environment truly reflects the situation and conditions that exist in the school and plays an active role in assisting the learning process and helping improve teacher performance when carrying out their duties.

Catcalling as Street Harassment: A Critical Discourse Analysis

This study aims to explain the issue of catcalling as a form of harassment against women on the street. This research applies descriptive qualitative method which tries to identify, describe and explain phenomena through linguistic data along with the social and cultural context. The data were collected according to the research goal namely to explain the issue of catcalling depicted in the news text. The data were gathered by retrieving news text on catcalling issue from wollipop.detik.com and analyzed it using Fairclough's CDA framework. The results of the analysis show that in terms of text descriptions, the news writer used a variety of non-standard languages, informal word choices and the involvement of sources to support the issue. In terms of text interpretation, this media concentrates its news presentation on women-related issues by presenting its news which involves several sources to strengthen its reporting objectives. On the explanatory side of the text, the practice of discourse is associated with the socio-cultural context. Wollipop.detik.com alignment with the victim in this report confirms indirectly that the act of catcalling is a form of harassment against women. Readers are led to the understanding that as subtle as catcalling is, it is still a form of violence against women. Readers are also led to raising awareness of their impact. Readers' opinions are directed to provide a positive image as an active media in providing useful information to women as well as to play an active role in voicing injustice and inequality that occurs in society.

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ДИСЦИПЛИН И ИХ РОЛЬ В УСВОЕНИИ УЧЕБНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

This article examines the pedagogical foundations of teaching economic disciplines and their impact on the effective assimilation of educational material by students. In the context of modern educational requirements and challenges, the article analyzes the methods, strategies and approaches used by teachers to ensure high-quality education in economic disciplines. Special attention is paid to the role of active teaching methods, case studies, project activities and other innovative approaches in shaping students' understanding and skills in the field of economics. The author highlights the key principles on which successful teaching of economic disciplines is based, such as a problem-oriented approach, integration of theory with practice, individualization of learning and the use of modern educational technologies. As a result, the article concludes that there is a need for an integrated approach to the teaching of economic disciplines, which takes into account the needs and characteristics of students, as well as modern requirements of the labor market and society.

Promises, Pitfalls, and Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatrics.

Artificial intelligence (AI) broadly describes a branch of computer science focused on developing machines capable of performing tasks typically associated with human intelligence. Those who connect AI with the world of science fiction may meet its growing rise with hesitancy or outright skepticism. However, AI is becoming increasingly pervasive in our society, from algorithms helping to sift through airline fares to substituting words in emails and SMS text messages based on user choices. Data collection is ongoing and is being leveraged by software platforms to analyze patterns and make predictions across multiple industries. Health care is gradually becoming part of this technological transformation, as advancements in computational power and storage converge with the rapid expansion of digitized medical information. Given the growing and inevitable integration of AI into health care systems, it is our viewpoint that pediatricians urgently require training and orientation to the uses, promises, and pitfalls of AI in medicine. AI is unlikely to solve the full array of complex challenges confronting pediatricians today; however, if used responsibly, it holds great potential to improve many aspects of care for providers, children, and families. Our aim in this viewpoint is to provide clinicians with a targeted introduction to the field of AI in pediatrics, including key promises, pitfalls, and clinical applications, so they can play a more active role in shaping the future impact of AI in medicine.

The Role of Geological and Geotechnical Factors in Shale Slope Instability: Case of Landslides on Road Embankments, Tizi Ouadrene Sector - Rif Extern, Morocco

Constructing roads in geologically unstable regions such as northern Morocco poses a major challenge. The Tizi Ouadrene sector, located in the Rif External Nappe of the Rif Belt, exemplifies a significant complexity in this issue, with a risk of landslides threatening the road embankments in this area. This study aims to characterize the frequent Cretaceous shales in the study area and analyze the landslides that have occurred on the road embankments cut into these shales. It examines the role of lithology, geometry, tectonics, human activity, and water in these landslides. The geological structure of slopes and their geometric configuration are crucial factors in determining the occurrence, distribution, and other characteristics of these landslides. Defects are controlled by the relative position of sedimentary and tectonic discontinuities, as well as the relative abundance of indurated shales compared to crushed ones. Crushed shales are susceptible to rotational slides, while the indurated ones are prone to planar and wedge sliding. The latter are mainly associated with bedding planes, particularly those oriented N65-80 with slopes facing south and SSE, as well as NW-SE and NE-SW-trending fractures. Hydrological, tectonic, and anthropogenic factors also contribute to the instability.

Crude Oil Price Movements and Institutional Traders

We analyze the role of hedge fund, swap dealer, and arbitrageur activity in the crude oil market. The contribution of our work is to examine the role of institutional traders in switching between high-volatility and low-volatility regimes. Using confidential position data on institutional investors, we first analyze the linkages between trader positions and fundamentals. We find that these institutional position changes reflect fundamental economic factors. Subsequently, we adopt a Markov regime-switching model with time-varying probabilities and find that institutional position changes contribute incrementally to the probability of regime changes.

Ischemic lesions to inferior frontal cortex reduce phasic switches in bi-stable perception: Further proof for an active role of frontal cortex activity in conscious visual perception

Ischemic lesions to inferior frontal cortex reduce phasic switches in bi-stable perception: Further proof for an active role of frontal cortex activity in conscious visual perception