Activating Blood Circulation Research Articles

Study on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Mechanism of Yuxuebi Tablet Based on Network Pharmacology

Yuxuebi tablet (YXB) is a Chinese patent medicine with the effect of activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis and has been used to treat “Bi” syndrome in China. The aim of this study was to reveal its anti-inflammatory efficacy and mechanism. A carrageenan-induced inflammation mouse model was established to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of YXB by detecting the paw swelling degree and inflammatory cell infiltration in paws. The active chemical ingredients and anti-inflammatory targets of YXB were obtained through network pharmacology analysis. Finally, the core anti-inflammatory targets of YXB were determined by the ELISA method and western blot. YXB significantly reduced the paw swelling degree and inflammatory cell infiltration in paws. A total of 120 key active components included in YXB interacted with 56 core inflammatory targets (such as TNF, IL1B, IL6, PTGS2, RELA, MAPK1, MAPK8, and MAPK14), mainly involving in the TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappaB signaling pathway, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Further studies in vivo found that YXB reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum and inhibited the expression of COX-2 and the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65, JNK, and p38 protein in paws. Taken together, YXB had a good anti-inflammatory effect, which might be related to inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB, JUN, and p38 and the decrease of COX-2 expression and the levels of inflammatory factors.

Systematic evaluation and re-evaluation of buyang huanwu decoction in treating ischemic stroke

BackgroundThe Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) originated from Wang Qingren’s “Yi Lin Gai Cuo”. It has the effect of tonifying qi and activating blood circulation and dredging collaterals which is recommended for the treatment of Ischemic stroke in China. In recent years, there have been many systematic reviews of Ischemic stroke treated by BYHWD assessing the efficacy of BYHWD in the treatment of Ischemic stroke in the acute, convalescent and sequelae stages. Because of the different methods of analysis, the quality and quality of the evidence obtained in these systematic reviews is different, so a systematic re-evaluation was needed to comprehensively evaluate the strength of these studies. MethodsSystematic reviews and meta-analyses of Ischemic stroke treated by BYHWD were identified through the Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Weipu, and Wanfang databases. The included studies were selected for literature screening, methodological quality evaluation, and evidence level evaluation by two investigators. The methodological quality was evaluated by the 2020 PRISMA guidelines, Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scale, and the evidence quality was evaluated by the GRADE criteria. ResultsOverall, 12 studies involving 28,594 patients between 2006–2021 were included in this analysis. The methodological quality evaluation based on 2020 PRISMA guidelines results showed that there were many weaknesses in registration and protocol, support, competing interests, competing interests and availability of data, code and other materials. The AMSTAR scale evaluation results showed that the 12 studies were very low quality. The results of the GRADE criteria evaluation showed that the quality of the evidence was scattered, with mainly low-quality evidence. ConclusionThe methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of BYHWD in treating Ischemic stroke was generally poor, and the quality of evidence was generally low.

Pharmacological Activities of Safflower Yellow and Its Clinical Applications.

Background Safflower is an annual herb used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It consists of the dried flowers of the Compositae plant safflower. It is found in the central inland areas of Asia and is widely cultivated throughout the country. Its resistance to cold weather and droughts and its tolerance and adaptability to salts and alkalis are strong. Safflower has the effect of activating blood circulation, dispersing blood stasis, and relieving pain. A natural pigment named safflower yellow (SY) can be extracted from safflower petals. Chemically, SY is a water-soluble flavonoid and the main active ingredient of safflower. The main chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and clinical applications of SY are reviewed in this paper, thereby providing a reference for the use of safflower in preventing and treating human diseases. Methods The literature published in recent years was reviewed, and the main chemical components of SY were identified based on chemical formula and structure. The pharmacological properties of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), SYA, SYB, and anhydrosafflor yellow B (AHSYB) were reviewed. Results The main chemical constituents of SY included HSYA, SYA, SYB, and AHSYB. These ingredients have a wide range of pharmacological activities. SY has protective effects on the heart, kidneys, liver, nerves, lungs, and brain. Moreover, its effects include, but are not limited to, improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, abirritation, regulating lipids, and treating cancer and diabetic complications. HSYA is widely recognised as an effective ingredient to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion SY has a wide range of pharmacological activities, among which improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the most significant.

Expert symposium on severe acute hepatitis of unknown cause in children, a paradigm of exchanges and sharing between Chinese and Western medicine professionals.

Expert symposium on severe acute hepatitis of unknown cause in children, a paradigm of exchanges and sharing between Chinese and Western medicine professionals.

Traditional Chinese medicine injections with activating blood circulation, equivalent effect of anticoagulation or antiplatelet, for acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

BackgroundIn spite of a growing number in the use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China, the mortality of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not decreased. Traditional Chinese medicine injections for Activating Blood Circulation (TCMi-ABC), equivalent effect of anticoagulation or antiplatelet, are widely used in China; however, the improvement of fatality towards AMI is unclear. Therefore, we intend to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCMi-ABC in treatment with AMI.MethodsBased on the “National Medical Products Administration of China,” TCMi-ABC with AMI treatment indication will be selected, including Danhong injection, Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate injection, Danshen Chuanxiongqin injection, and Puerarin injection. Randomized controlled studies will be searched from as follows: PubMed, Embase, the CENTRAL in Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform. Two researchers will work independently on literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. The outcomes focus on the effects of TCMi-ABC on fatality of patients with AMI in hospitalization and in the long term, the incidence of malignant arrhythmia, left ventricular ejection fraction, and adverse events. RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for mate analysis.ResultsThis study will conduct a comprehensive literature search and provide a systematic synthesis of current published data to explore the efficacy and safety of TCMi-ABC for AMI.ConclusionThis study will provide high-quality evidence for treatment of AMI with TCMi-ABC in terms of efficacy and safety, which may help clinicians make a better complementary treatment schedule of patients with AMI.

Clinical effectiveness of Qilong capsule in patients with ischemic stroke: A prospective, multicenter, non-randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe Qilong capsule (QLC) is a Chinese patented medicine characterized by an equal emphasis on replenishing Qi and activating blood circulation. In 2000, China's FDA approved the use of QLC for ischemic stroke (IS). However, there is not yet much high-quality evidence of the clinical effectiveness of QLC combined with conventional treatment (CT) for IS with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. PurposeIn this study, we conducted a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized controlled trial at 7 hospitals in China to investigate the clinical effectiveness of QLC combined with CT for IS with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. MethodsParticipants aged 35 to 80 years old diagnosed as IS with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in TCM were recruited. Participants were treated with QLC (intervention group) or non-QLC (control group). The intervention course of QLC was 12 weeks. All participants in two groups received standard treatment. All participants returned for in-person follow-up visits at the 12th week and 24th week. Primary outcome measures included a modified Rankin Scale (mRS), the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and the Barthel Index (BI). Secondary outcome measures included TCM syndromes (Qi deficiency syndrome score, blood stasis syndrome score), psychological index (self-rating depression scale, SDS; self-rating anxiety scale, SAS), blood lipid index, blood coagulation index, homocysteine, and favorable functional outcome (mRS 0 – 3). Multiple imputations were used for any missing data. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to deal with any confounding factors (age, gender, scale score, etc.). Rank alignment transformation variance analysis (ART ANOVA) and generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) were introduced to improve the scientific and accuracy of repeated measurement data. All statistical calculations were carried out with R 3.6.1 statistical analysis software. ResultsA total of 2468 participants were screened from November 2016 to January 2019. Finally, 2302 eligible participants were included in the analysis. There were 1260 participants in the intervention group (QLC group) and 1042 participants in the control group (non-QLC group). After PSM matching, sub-samples of 300 participants in the QLC group and 300 participants in the non-QLC group were finally formed. The final results of clinical effectiveness are the same results shared by the total samples and sub-samples after PSM. In the 24th week after treatment, QLC combined with CT proved to be significantly better than CT alone in reducing the scores of mRS (p < 0.05), NIHSS (p < 0.001), Qi deficiency syndrome (p < 0.01), and blood stasis syndrome (p < 0.001), SAS (p < 0.05), as well as in improving BI score (p < 0.05). The favourable functional outcome (mRS score of 0 to 3 at week 12) was statistically different between QLC and non-QLC group in the sub-samples (p < 0.01, 97% vs 91.7%). The results of the ART ANOVA showed that the improvement of mRS (p < 0.01), BI (p < 0.05) and NIHSS (p < 0.001) in QLC group was better than non-QLC group when the interaction effect was considered. The results of GLMM showed that the reduction of mRS and NIHSS scores of patients in the QLC group were better than those of the non-QLC group (p < 0.001). The BI score of the QLC group in the sub-samples after PSM increased more than the non-QLC group (p < 0.001). There was no evidence showing that QLC can cause serious adverse reactions (ADRs) in treating patients with IS. ConclusionQLC combined with CT was better than CT alone in reducing mRS score, NIHSS score, Qi deficiency syndrome score, blood stasis syndrome score, and SAS score, as well as improving BI score after treatment. Further high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the positive results. The study protocol was embedded in a registry study that registered in the Clinical Trials USA Registry (registration No. NCT03174535).

Mechanism of Guanxinning against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice based on transcriptomic analysis

Guanxinning, a modern Chinese medicine preparation composed of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma, has the activities of activating blood circulation, resolving blood stasis, dredging vessels, and nourishing the heart. Clinical studies have demonstrated that Guanxinning has therapeutic effect on ischemic stroke, while the specific mechanism remains to be clarified. In this study, the potential mechanism of Guanxinning against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice was explored and then verified in vitro. The mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established with middle cerebral artery embolization(MCAO) method. The pharmacological effects of Guanxinning on the model mice were investigated based on neurological function score, cerebral infarction area, pathological morphology, neuron injury, and apoptosis. The results showed that Guanxinning lowered neurological functional score, reduced cerebral infarction area, and ameliorated the histopathological morphology, neuronal damage, and apoptosis in the model mice. RNA samples were extracted from brain tissues and subjected to RNA sequencing(RNA-seq). The differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were screened with the thresholds of ■. GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed for the 297 common DEGs, which indicated that Guanxinning may regulate the inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, energy metabolism, and apoptosis to treat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Guanxinning exerted protective effect through inhibiting inflammation and reducing oxidative stress in hypoxia/reoxygenation injured SH-SY5 Y cells. Furthermore, Western blot indicated that Guanxinning down-regulated the protein levels of p-NF-κB p65 and p-p38 MAPK and up-regulated those of PPARγ and PGC-1α. The findings suggested that Guanxinning may inhibit inflammation and reduce oxidative stress by suppressing TNF signaling pathway and activating PPAR signaling pathway, thereby exerting the therapeutic effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. This study preliminarily reveals the mechanism of Guanxinning against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and provides a basis for clinical application of Guanxinning.

Crude extract of Desmodium gangeticum process anticancer activity via arresting cell cycle in G1 and modulating cell cycle-related protein expression in A549 human lung carcinoma cells.

BackgroundDesmodium gangeticum (L.)DC., which belongs to the Leguminosae family, has been used in Taiwan and other subtropical countries as an external medicine to remove blood stasis, activate blood circulation, and reduce inflammation. It has been reported to have antioxidant effects and improve inflammatory responses in rats stimulated by pro-inflammatory agents and induced gastric ulcers in experimental animals over the past few decades. This plant has also been used to treat parasitic infections, but there are no reports regarding its effects on lung cancer. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate its water crude extract (in abbreviation DG) on lung cancer cells.MethodsA549 human lung cancer cells were tested for survival using MTT, trypan blue, and propidium iodide. The effects of various concentrations of the crude extract of D. gangeticum (DG) (0.125~1 mg/ml) on the cell cycle and apoptosis of A549 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting methods.ResultsDG can inhibit the growth of A549 human lung cancer cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. DG arrested A549 cells in the G1 phase by increasing the proteins expression of p21, p27, cyclin D1, and cyclin E. Additionally, DG decreased the expression of cyclin A, B1, and Cdc 2 (CDK1) proteins.ConclusionsDG demonstrated the anti-lung cancer activity by arresting the cell cycle in G1 via increasing the p21, p27, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and decreasing Cdc2, cyclin A, and B1 proteins expression in A549 human lung cancer cells.

Exploration of the Mechanism of Salvianolic Acid for Injection Against Ischemic Stroke: A Research Based on Computational Prediction and Experimental Validation.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is an acute neurological injury that occurs when a vessel supplying blood to the brain is obstructed, which is a leading cause of death and disability. Salvia miltiorrhiza has been used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for over thousands of years due to its effect activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis. However, the herbal preparation is chemically complex and the diversity of potential targets makes difficult to determine its mechanism of action. To gain insight into its mechanism of action, we analyzed “Salvianolic acid for injection” (SAFI), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with anti-IS effects, using computational systems pharmacology. The potential targets of SAFI, obtained from literature mining and database searches, were compared with IS-associated genes, giving 38 common genes that were related with pathways involved in inflammatory response. This suggests that SAFI might function as an anti-inflammatory agent. Two genes associated with inflammation (PTGS1 and PTGS2), which were inhibited by SAFI, were preliminarily validated in vitro. The results showed that SAFI inhibited PTGS1 and PTGS2 activity in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited the production of prostaglandin E2 induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophages and BV-2 microglia. This approach reveals the possible pharmacological mechanism of SAFI acting on IS, and also provides a feasible way to elucidate the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Regularities of acupoint selection in adjuvant interventions with acupuncture-moxibustion for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer based on complex network technology: 基于复杂网络技术探讨针灸辅助体外受精-胚胎移植选穴规律

ObjectiveTo analyze the rules of acupoint selection in adjuvant interventions for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with acupuncture and moxibustion, with the use of complex network technology. MethodsArticles on clinical trials of acupuncture and moxibustion for IVF-ET were searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from inception to January 31, 2020. A database of acupoint prescriptions has been established. Descriptive analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel 2019, association rule analysis was conducted using SPSS Modeler 18.0 Apriori algorithm, clustering analysis of high-frequency acupoints was performed using SPSS 25.0 Ward, and complex network analysis of acupoints was performed by using Gephi 0.9.2. ResultsA total of 124 clinical trials were included, and 187 acupoint prescriptions were extracted, for a total of 91 acupoints. The total frequency of using these acupoints was 1,296 times, with Sānyīnjiāo (三阴交SP6) used the most frequently. The acupoints were generally located around the conception vessel, spleen meridian, and stomach meridian, and they were mainly distributed in the lower extremities, chest, and abdomen. Considerable consideration was paid to the specific points. The association rule analysis showed that the highest correlation presented between Guānyuán (关元CV4) and Zĭgōng (子宫EX-CA1). Complex network k-core hierarchical analysis discovered that CV4, SP6, Xuèhăi (血海SP10), Hégŭ (合谷LI4), Tàichōng (太冲LR3), Qìhăi (气海CV6), and EX-CA1 were the core acupoints in adjuvant interventions with acupuncture-moxibustion for IVF-ET. ConclusionIn adjuvant interventions with acupuncture-moxibustion, acupoints were commonly located around the conception vessel, spleen meridian, and stomach meridian, and the convergent point was particularly used as a specific point. The acupoints were selected to smooth the liver qi, remove stagnation, activate blood circulation, resolve stasis, and benefit the liver and kidney. “CV4→SP6→EX-CA1→ST36” were the core points, and CV4 was the core prescription in adjuvant treatments with acupuncture-moxibustion in IVF-ET.

Observation on the Application Effect of TCM Theory of Activating Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis in the Treatment of Elderly Cardiovascular Diseases

Observation on the Application Effect of TCM Theory of Activating Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis in the Treatment of Elderly Cardiovascular Diseases

Clinical efficacy of Chinese herbs for supplementing qi and activating blood circulation combined with N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BackgroundChinese herbs for supplementing qi and activating blood circulation (CH) combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in China, but there is a lack of literature to evaluate its efficacy and clinical value.PurposeThis study compared CH + NAC with other treatments by network meta-analysis to clarify its clinical value.MethodsCochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP Database, and China Biology Medicine were searched. Outcomes included lung function (DLCO (%), VC (%), FVC (%), FVC (L)), 6-min walking distance (6MWD), score of St George’s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), blood gas analysis (PaO2, PaCO2). The data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.4, Stata 12.0 and ADDIS 1.16.5.Results23 studies including 1390 patients (702 in intervention group and 688 in control group) were collected to compare 8 outcome indicators among different treatments involving CH, CH+NAC, CH+PFD, NAC, PFD and PFD+NAC on IPF. Network meta-analysis showed that CH was better than NAC in terms of DLCO (%) (MD = 5.14, 95%CI: 1.01 to 8.68) and 6MWD (MD = 49.17, 95%CI: 25.97 to 71.36) as well as PFD + NAC was better than NAC in terms of FVC (L) (MD = -0.56, 95%CI: -0.83 to -0.31). In rankings results, CH + NAC is the best in terms of FVC (%), SGRQ, PaO2 and PaCO2; CH is the best in terms of DLCO (%), VC (%) and 6MWD; CH + PFD is the best in terms of FVC (L).ConclusionCH related treatments may have advantages in the treatment of IPF and CH + NAC may have clinical application value. However, limited by the quality and quantity of researches included, more rational and scientific randomized controlled trials containing large sample sizes need to be conducted to further verify our conclusions.

Research Progress of Tonifying Kidney and Promoting Blood Circulation in the Treatment of Steroid-induced Necrosis of Femoral Head

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common disability disease of the hip joint in China, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by hormone factors is the most common, which is related to the gradual increase in the utilization rate of glucocorticoids in recent years. It is a refractory disease in orthopaedics with a poor prognosis. For this disease, the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine has certain advantages. In view of this, the author reads, analyzes and summarizes its materials by searching China Journal full-text Database and Wanfang Database. This paper reviews the mechanism and clinical research progress of tonifying kidney and activating blood circulation in the prevention and treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, hoping to provide help for the clinical treatment of hormone-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Analysis of Curative Effect of Tonifying Kidney and Activating Blood Circulation Method in the Treatment of Senile Parkinson’s Disease

Analysis of Curative Effect of Tonifying Kidney and Activating Blood Circulation Method in the Treatment of Senile Parkinson’s Disease

Overview of Microvascular Angina Pectoris and Discussion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention.

Previous research and treatment of coronary heart disease mostly focused on the large epicardial vessels, with limited research on the small endocardial coronary arteries or arterioles that could not be detected by coronary angiography, especially microvascular angina caused by microvascular stenosis or microcirculation dysfunction. Conventional Western medicine therapies have no specific efficacy, but traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in this regard. In particular, traditional Chinese medicine of supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation protects the vascular endothelium, relaxes coronary microvessels, reduces myocardial no-reflow after ischemia-reperfusion, increases myocardial hypoxia tolerance, constrains the aggregation of platelet, and increases the rate of blood flow. Moreover, these treatments can significantly improve patients' symptoms through multitarget comprehensive intervention. Here, we analyzed the pathogenesis of microvascular angina pectoris, the treatment status of modern medicine, and the research on the multitarget intervention of traditional Chinese medicine to provide new research ideas for correctly identifying the role of coronary microcirculation in coronary artery disease to solve clinical problems and prevent cardiovascular events.

Research Progress of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Diabetes peripheral neuropathy is a complication aused by diabetes, involving peripheral nerves. The onset of DPN is occult and the process is slow, and the late stage of the disease will lead to severe nerve damage. With the change of modern people's lifestyle, the number of obese people is increasing, which leads to the increasing number of DPN patients. Common hypoglycemic drugs can not control blood sugar well and can not interfere with the process of DPN. Opioid analgesics and antiepileptic drugs are often used to relieve neuropathic pain and other symptoms in clinic. However, these drugs can only relieve the pain at that time, treat the symptoms but not the root cause, and have great toxic and side effects on human body. Therefore, the research and development of DPN specialty drugs has attracted wide attention around the world. Unfortunately, most of the drugs under research have failed due to safety problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and effective drugs to treat DPN. Therefore, it is necessary to treat this disease by means of traditional Chinese medicine. The Buyang Huanwu Decoction recorded in the medical forest correcting mistakes is a famous prescription for supplementing qi and activating blood circulation, which has the pathogenesis of DN. The research shows that the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on DPN is accurate, but the effective substances and the mechanism of action in Buyang Huanwu Decoction are not clear. This subject takes Buyang Huanwu decoction as the research object to explore its mechanism of action and the research progress of clinical application, so as to lay a solid foundation for the treatment of diabetes peripheral neuropathy by traditional Chinese medicine. The Buyang Huanwu Decoction recorded in the medical forest correcting mistakes is a famous prescription for supplementing qi and activating blood circulation, which has the pathogenesis of DN. The research shows that the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on DPN is accurate, but the effective substances and the mechanism of action in Buyang Huanwu Decoction are not clear. This subject takes Buyang Huanwu decoction as the research object to explore its mechanism of action and the research progress of clinical application, so as to lay a solid foundation for the treatment of diabetes peripheral neuropathy by traditional Chinese medicine.

Professor Han Shirong's Dialectical Analysis of the Experience of Treating Spot Baldness

Alopecia areata is a sudden onset of non-scarring and inflammatory patchy hair loss. Western medicine mostly believes it is related to immune factors, while Chinese medicine mostly believes it is related to blood and wind deficiency. Professor Han Shirong has been engaged in clinical dermatology treatment for many years and believes that blood stasis is the main pathogenesis, so treatment should be based on activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The combination of generalization and supplementation is used to achieve the goal of eliminating stasis and creating new blood.

Luteoloside protects the vascular endothelium against iron overload injury via the ROS/ADMA/DDAH II/eNOS/NO pathway.

Iron overload injury is considered to be a part of blood stasis syndrome of arthralgia in traditional Chinese medicine. Its primary therapies include clearing heat and detoxification, activating blood circulation, and removing blood stasis. Lonicera japonica flos (LJF) has long been known as an excellent antipyretic and antidote. Luteoloside (Lut) is one of the main components of LJF and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties. However, the protection of Lut against iron overload injury and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, HUVECs were exposed to 50 μmol·L-1 iron dextran for 48 h to establish an iron overload damage model and the effects of Lut were assessed. Our results showed that 20 μmol·L-1 Lut not only increased cell viability and weakened LDH activity, but also significantly up-regulated DDAHⅡ expression and activity, increased p-eNOS/eNOS ratio and NO content, and reduced ADMA content in HUVECs exposed to iron overload. Furthermore, Lut significantly attenuated intracellular/mitochondrial ROS generation, improved SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities, reduced MDA content, maintained MMP, inhibited mPTP opening, prevented cyt c from mitochondria released into cytoplasm, reduced cleaved-caspase3 expression, and ultimately decreased cell apoptosis induced by iron overload. The effects of Lut were similar to those of L-arginine (an ADMA competitive substrate), cyclosporin A (a mPTP blocker agent), and edaravone (a free radical scavenger) as positive controls. However, addition of pAD/DDAH II-shRNA adenovirus reversed the above beneficial effects of Lut. In conclusion, Lut can protect HUVECs against iron overload injury via the ROS/ADMA/DDAH II/eNOS/NO pathway. The mitochondria are the target organelles of Lut's protective effects.

A Collection of Experiences of Famous Modern Gynaecologic Herbalists in the Treatment of Uterine Fibroids

Objective: To summarize the experience of famous gynecological Chinese doctors in treating uterine fibroids and the rules of medication in recent times. Methods: To study the literature of famous TCM doctors in gynaecology in recent times, to summarize and summarize the experience of treating uterine fibroids and the rules of medication. Results; the pivot of the woman's uterus is the Chong Ren; internal obstruction of blood stasis is the key to the pathogenesis, cold-dampness, liver-depression, phlegm-dampness and kidney deficiency are the main causes of the disease; activating blood circulation, resolving blood stasis and helping the righteousness is the main treatment method, and the treatment is based on the period and the individual; the Chong Ren induces the meridian medicine and focuses on regulating the emotions. Conclusion: By summarizing the experience of modern gynecologically renowned Chinese medicine practitioners in the treatment of uterine fibroids, we have developed therapeutic ideas for the treatment of uterine fibroids, which has guiding significance and practical value.

Summary of Professor Lin Hai's Experience in Treating Apoplexy in Acute Stage from "Wind Evil"

Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is a kind of ischemic and hypoxic necrosis of brain tissue caused by stenosis or occlusion of the cerebral vascular wall. It is clinically manifested as neurological defects corresponding to the responsible lesion, which belongs to the category of "stroke disease" in traditional Chinese medicine. The third cause of death in China survey, cerebrovascular disease first to the cause of death in urban and rural residents in China, including cerebral infarction is accounts for 70% to 80% of cerebrovascular disease, hemiplegia, aphasia caused by cerebral infarction, dementia, difficulty swallowing, such as clinical symptoms, the serious influence of life ability and the quality of survival, to family and society bring heavy burden. It has become an important social health problem that people pay more and more attention to. Therefore, it is one of the important tasks for medical workers to improve the prevention and treatment of stroke. Professor Lin Hai is the famous TCM doctor in Shaanxi province, a successor tutor of academic experience of provincial and municipal TCM experts, a chief physician, and a tutor of postgraduate students. He has been engaged in clinical, scientific research and teaching of TCM encephalopathy and mental disease for more than 30 years, and has unique views on syndrome differentiation and treatment of stroke. He has accumulated rich experience in the diagnosis and treatment of apoplexy through studying ancient books and clinical teaching practice. He is good at treating apoplexy from "wind evil". In the acute stage of apoplexy, the basic pathogenesis of apoplexy is "Qi deficiency and blood stasis, caused by wind". It is pointed out that apoplexy is mainly based on "Qi deficiency and blood stasis" and marked by "wind evil", and the two interact to cause apoplexy. On the basis of invigorating Qi and activating blood circulation, flexible use of "wind-dispelling" drugs can improve qi and activating blood circulation simultaneously with dispelling wind and dredging collaterals, with remarkable clinical effect.