Abstract
Previous research and treatment of coronary heart disease mostly focused on the large epicardial vessels, with limited research on the small endocardial coronary arteries or arterioles that could not be detected by coronary angiography, especially microvascular angina caused by microvascular stenosis or microcirculation dysfunction. Conventional Western medicine therapies have no specific efficacy, but traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in this regard. In particular, traditional Chinese medicine of supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation protects the vascular endothelium, relaxes coronary microvessels, reduces myocardial no-reflow after ischemia-reperfusion, increases myocardial hypoxia tolerance, constrains the aggregation of platelet, and increases the rate of blood flow. Moreover, these treatments can significantly improve patients' symptoms through multitarget comprehensive intervention. Here, we analyzed the pathogenesis of microvascular angina pectoris, the treatment status of modern medicine, and the research on the multitarget intervention of traditional Chinese medicine to provide new research ideas for correctly identifying the role of coronary microcirculation in coronary artery disease to solve clinical problems and prevent cardiovascular events.
Highlights
Previous studies [1] on coronary heart disease have mostly focused on large epicardial vessels, while studies on small endocardial coronary arteries are limited
Coronary angiography can only show vessels with a diameter of more than 500 μm, usually epicardial vessels, while small vessels cannot be detected by coronary angiography. erefore, interventional therapy can only solve the stenosis of large vessels and not the stenosis and dysfunction of small arterioles and microarteries
Traditional Chinese medicine can restore the balance of the body through “multicause and microeffect,” integration and coordination, and comprehensive intervention to restore the balance of the body, representing significant advantages in the treatment of diseases and providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease
Summary
Previous studies [1] on coronary heart disease have mostly focused on large epicardial vessels, while studies on small endocardial coronary arteries are limited. Erefore, interventional therapy can only solve the stenosis of large vessels and not the stenosis and dysfunction of small arterioles and microarteries. Erefore, in addition to the study of epicardial coronary artery disease, it is important to pay close attention to the changes in coronary microvascular structure and function under pathological conditions. Further strengthening the research on coronary microvascular and microcirculation will improve the understanding of coronary heart disease and the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies of cardiovascular diseases and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events [3]
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