Action Research Methodology Research Articles

Using the Lattice Method to help Basic Six (6) Pupils of Zogbeli Primary School in Ghana to understand the Concept of Multiplying Multi-digit Multiplicands

This study emerged as a result of the inability of Basic Six (6) at Zogbeli Primary School pupils in Tamale, Northern Region Ghana to understand the concept of multiplying multi-digit multiplicands. To address this problem, the action research methodology was used to provide an immediate solution. A simple random sample of 45 pupils from a total of 90 pupils of a mixed class of P.6A and P.6B was chosen to participate in the study. A Pre-test consisting of 10 test items was administered to assess the pupils’ initial understanding of the concept. The results showed that the majority of the pupils scored poorly, with a mean score of 1.51 and a standard deviation of 0.91. An intervention using the lattice method for five days was then implemented. The lattice method is a hands-on learning method that involves both physical movement and mental engagement. It was hypothesized that this method would help the pupils to develop a deeper understanding of the concept of multiplying multi-digit multiplicands. After the three-day intervention, a Post-test was administered to assess the pupils’ understanding of the concept of multiplying multi-digit multiplicands and also to assess how effective the intervention was in the study. The results showed a significant improvement, with a mean score of 8.11 and a standard deviation of 2.54. Additionally, 93.4% of the pupils scored above the average mark of 5. The findings of this study suggest that lattice technology is an effective method for teaching the concept of multiplying multi-digit multiplicands. This method is engaging and easy to understand, and it can help pupils develop a deeper understanding of the mathematical concepts involved. In conclusion, the use of lattice technology has improved the learning experiences of Basic Six pupils at Zogbeli Primary School. Pupils now have a practical method for solving multi-digit multiplication problems, and they have a better understanding of the mathematical concepts involved. Keywords: Action Research, Pre-test, Post-test, Paired Sample t-test, Lattice technology

Using Lean in Deconstruction Projects for Maximising the Reuse of Materials: A Canadian Case Study

The construction sector is considered a major consumer of virgin materials and a contributor to waste generation. Therefore, it is essential to rethink current waste management practices, for example, by applying circular economy principles to building demolition, such as deconstruction. Deconstruction involves dismantling a building with the aim of maintaining the highest possible value for its materials and maximising their recovery potential. This study aims to guide the construction sector towards deconstruction to support its efforts to transform itself toward a more sustainable industry. It focuses on a regional case study in the province of Québec (Canada), presenting five buildings to be deconstructed. First, this study presents the outcomes of our analysis of the current situation. Second, it identifies the issues and obstacles encountered and proposes avenues to improve the current process based on solutions identified in the literature and the recommendations of the manager, the contractor involved in the deconstruction project, as well as experts in the construction industry. Finally, it proposes an improved deconstruction process. Our research approach is inspired from Lean thinking and follows the Action Research methodology.

Disciplinary literacy and verbal language in physical education

ABSTRACT Supporting pupils’ development regarding subject knowledge and disciplinary literacy is a complex and challenging task for teachers. Research shows that language-integrated physical education (PE) can assist children’s language development. However, it tends to reduce the time for physical activity, which is problematic since youth’s physical inactivity is a growing problem. This article examines how teachers can emphasize disciplinary literacy and stimulate pupils’ use of verbal language to enhance their learning in PE in a culturally and linguistically diverse context in Sweden. In this practice-based research study grounded in action research methodology, 20 ten-year-old pupils with culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds participated with a teacher-researcher in 10 PE lessons in which disciplinary literacy and verbal language were intertwined with exploratory circus assignments. The theoretical framework is based on Biesta’s concept of risk. Data were collected through participant observation, video observation, interviews, and field diary. The data analysis was abductive, oscillating between the theory and the data. A thematic analysis was carried out. The results show that the exploratory circus assignments offered opportunities to emphasize disciplinary literacy and stimulate pupils’ use of verbal language. Focusing on language to ensure all pupils could partake and develop knowledge required time, which encroached on the pupils’ opportunity to be physically active. This was resolved through adding time before the PE lesson to activate the pupils’ background knowledge, anchor the language, and create pre-understanding. Further, including all pupils was challenging, and the pupils had different expectations regarding PE. The findings suggest that inviting pupils to speak involves an embedded risk in communication, but also carries dialogical potential. In collaboration with teaching colleagues, PE teachers can support and strengthen the pupils’ literacy development.

A strategic guide for solving problems in precipitation gravimetric analysis

This study evaluated the use of a heuristic table as a pedagogical tool for solving the problems of gravimetric analysis by precipitation in analytical chemistry. Targeting undergraduate chemistry students, this study adopts a qualitative-quantitative approach and employs an action research methodology. The central hypothesis suggests that the heuristic table facilitates the interpretation, data organization, and analysis of gravimetric problems. The results indicated a significant improvement in students' understanding and skills following the introduction of the table, indicating its efficacy as a meaningful learning tool (p-value < 0.05). This study contributes to the development and validation of effective didactic methodological approaches in analytical chemistry to promote meaningful learning.

Organizational intervention strategies in work teams

Introduction: the development of new skills in the work environment such as leadership, work teammanagement, equitable collaboration, effective communication, solid commitments or integrationof new human values, acquires an important meaning for the stability of the work environment inmodern organizations. . Objective: the objective of the research is to report on the result of theimplementation of an organizational intervention strategy on strengthening the integration skills ofeffective work teams in the daily practices of the Cristafácil company and the experience acquiredby the actors involved as a learning society (UNESCO, 2014). Methodology: The interventionstrategy process is based on Kurt Lewin’s action research methodology, which is used to studya specific problem and/or needs of a certain group of people. Results: communication was oneof the main factors that benefited from the organizational intervention strategy. The well-being and work dimension was the one that stood out with the greatest favorable difference, which arefactors to understand how organizations improve organizational processes and their results.

An action research study of quality improvement in instrument packaging procedures for the central sterile supply department

This study aimed to reduce instrument packaging defects in the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) using action research. Data of the instrument packs packaged by the packaging personnel at the CSSD of the authors’ institution during March to May 2023 were collected and analyzed. After identifying the problems, 2 rounds of cyclic process of “plan-action-observe-reflect” were implemented to standardize the packaging procedures and develop and improve the applicable check of standard operating procedures for the CSSD. After strictly implementing the packaging operation standards and checklists, the number of packaging defect cases dropped from 274 to 41. A significant difference was identified between the number of packaging personnel who achieved a “pass” in the assessment of 3 items for maintenance. Also, 1 item for assembly had significant differences compared with the baseline number after the first cycle (P ≤ 0.001). A significant difference was identified between the number of packaging personnel who achieved a “pass” in the assessment of 20 items for 6 components after the second cycle compared with that after the first cycle (P ≤ 0.05). Through action research methodology, strict implementation of standardized packaging procedures in the CSSD can reduce packaging defects, thereby decreasing clinical complaints and ensuring patient safety.

Startups’ contribution to SDGs: A tailored framework for assessing social impact

Abstract Startups play a crucial role in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through their innovative solutions that increasingly focus on sustainability. However, they face significant challenges in effectively assessing their contribution to the SDGs. In our study, by adopting an action-research methodology, we develop and introduce Prosper, i.e., a tailored social impact assessment (SIA) framework for startups. First, we conducted a comprehensive review of existing methods and standards for assessing social impact to establish an initial foundation of Prosper. Second, we refined Prosper based on an empirical validation on five startups. By embracing action research, we aim to empower startups with a robust and user-friendly tool, which facilitates SIA and representation. We also contribute to the literature aimed at overcoming the existing sustainability barriers for startups and to respond to the call for assisting them in reporting about SDGs. We also discuss practical implications and future research avenues.

Design and development of a digital diagnostic clinical pathway: evidence from an action research study

PurposeThe primary objective of this paper is to show a systematic and methodological approach for the digitalization of critical clinical pathways (CPs) within the healthcare domain.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology entails the integration of service design (SD) and action research (AR) methodologies, characterized by iterative phases that systematically alternate between action and reflective processes, fostering cycles of change and learning. Within this framework, stakeholders are engaged through semi-structured interviews, while the existing and envisioned processes are delineated and represented using BPMN 2.0. These methodological steps emphasize the development of an autonomous, patient-centric web application alongside the implementation of an adaptable and patient-oriented scheduling system. Also, business processes simulation is employed to measure key performance indicators of processes and test for potential improvements. This method is implemented in the context of the CP addressing transient loss of consciousness (TLOC), within a publicly funded hospital setting.FindingsThe methodology integrating SD and AR enables the detection of pivotal bottlenecks within diagnostic CPs and proposes optimal corrective measures to ensure uninterrupted patient care, all the while advancing the digitalization of diagnostic CP management. This study contributes to theoretical discussions by emphasizing the criticality of process optimization, the transformative potential of digitalization in healthcare and the paramount importance of user-centric design principles, and offers valuable insights into healthcare management implications.Originality/valueThe study’s relevance lies in its ability to enhance healthcare practices without necessitating disruptive and resource-intensive process overhauls. This pragmatic approach aligns with the imperative for healthcare organizations to improve their operations efficiently and cost-effectively, making the study’s findings relevant.

Create, potentialize and disseminate: strategies to overcome the “Death Valley” of innovations in education

This work aimed to present a research that could support the formation of a structured and institutionalized work nucleus, called the Dissemination, Technology, Research and Innovation Nucleus (NDTPI), from which it was able to support the understanding of the academic community of the Federal Institute of Pará Campus Belém in the universe of technology transfer and entrepreneurship, promoting the potentialization of products and processes institutionally designed, their dissemination in a more effective way, even in this process, was able to interact as an integral part in the teaching-learning process. From the action research methodology, elements were sought to support the hypothesis, its action and support its implementation, the application of the methodology went through seven stages: awareness, diagnosis, identification, approximation, monitoring, forwarding and dissemination. The results showed that the methodology and its actions increased a considerable increase, both in production (enhancement) and in the referrals for registration of intellectual property, which consequently increased the diffusion, the teachers, students and technicians who participated in the process became potential multipliers. of a “culture” of innovation and entrepreneurship, the NDTPI was created and institutionalized in the institution's organizational chart, due to the relevance of the results presented.

Intellectual property in professional and technological education: transversal and interdisciplinary strategy in integrated secondary education

The project deals with the insertion of Intellectual Property (IP) as a transversal and interdisciplinary strategy in the integrated high school courses of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (IFPA) Campus Belém. We understand that socioeconomic development permeates IP, in direct proportion to technological innovation becoming more and more present, with the process of education and dissemination of IP as a generating problem, and as a dispersing core of research for formative convergence on the Campus of IFPA Belém , anchored in the Education and Dissemination constructs. We chose to develop the Action-Research methodology, taking into account the strategic actions proposed with the target audience. We hope to present results on the efficiency of convergence, based on a growing number of technological products developed and disseminated. Make an educational product viable at the end of the process, tending to IP as a didactic strategy. This project aims to make it possible to understand two different aspects and fields of protection of IP, in addition to highlighting the role of integration between IP and Professional and Technological Education (EPT) in the integral development of the being and its relations with the economy. Ultimately, this development, which originates locally, expands and occupies a prominent place on the global stage as technological innovation becomes the focus of competitiveness. It is expected that, by incorporating IP and the development of its competencies in the teaching-learning curriculum, students and teachers can instigate, in addition to an interest in science, inventiveness or planning, a vision of the market or entrepreneurship, resilience, attitudes and values .

AI platform model on 4IR megatrend challenges: complex thinking by active and transformational learning

PurposeThe objective of this study is to propose a model for the implementation of a technological platform for participants to develop solutions to problems related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) megatrends, and taking advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) to develop their complex thinking through co-creation work.Design/methodology/approachThe development of the model is based on a combination of participatory action research and user-centered design (UCD) methodologies, seeking to ensure that the platform is user-oriented and based on the experiences of the authors. The model itself is structured around the active and transformational learning (ATL) framework.FindingsThis study highlights the importance of addressing 4IR megatrends in education to prepare students for a technology-driven world. The proposed model, based on ATL and supported by AI, integrates essential competencies for tackling challenges and generating innovative solutions. The integration of AI into the platform fosters personalized learning, collaboration and reflection and enhances creativity by offering new insights and tools, whereas UCD ensures alignment with user needs and expectations.Originality/valueThis research presents an innovative educational model that combines ATL with AI to foster complex thinking and co-creation of solutions to problems related to 4IR megatrends. Integrating ATL ensures engagement with real-world problems and critical thinking while AI provides personalized content, tutoring, data analysis and creative support. The collaborative platform encourages diverse perspectives and collective intelligence, benefiting other researchers to better conceive learner-centered platforms promoting 21st-century skills and co-creation.

MPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL ON DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH THROUGH INSTAGRAM PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPHY AT THE 11th GRADE OF SMA PANGERAN ANTASARI MEDAN

This study's goal was to assess the writing skills of class XI SMA students. Regarding text descriptions, Pangeran Antasari. How does using a personal photo help students create better text descriptions? is how the issue is phrased. The purpose of this study was to teach secondary school pupils how to use real-world examples to improve their ability to create descriptive prose. Researchers employ the Classroom Action Research Methodology (CAR). 40 pupils from class XI made up the study's sample. The study's findings, which took into account both qualitative and quantitative data, showed that 90% of students could finish writing assignments once a discussion technique was applied. Data from cycles I and II were used to make this conclusion. In the pre-test, 17 students had a 42% success rate, while 23 students scored a 57.5 percent failure rate. 25 students completed cycle I with a success percentage of 62.5%, while 15 students failed with a rate of 37.5%. In cycle II, 36 students achieved a 90% success rate, while 10 students failed the post-test II with a 10% failure rate. Their writing skills greatly improved once the teaching and learning activities got going. It might be argued that using personal pictures helps pupils become better at producing descriptive text.Keywords : Personal photograph, descriptive text.

Co-design of an intervention exploring meaning and purpose after spinal cord injury

Purpose Rebuilding a strong sense of meaning and purpose following trauma is a vital contributor to post-traumatic growth and adapting well to a spinal cord injury. This project aimed to develop an intervention that used the concept of post-traumatic growth to foster a stronger sense of meaning and purpose in people with a spinal cord injury. Methods Using participatory action research methodology, the intervention was designed in an iterative process with health professionals and people with lived experience of spinal cord injury. We developed a ten-week online group program and delivered two pilot programs to 13 participants. We used their feedback to further refine the program before finalisation. Results A participatory action research approach resulted in a positive intervention well received by participants and consumer organisations. Feedback suggests the intervention shows promise for improvements in functional and psychosocial outcomes and has long-term viability. Conclusions The project successfully developed and delivered a novel program that uses the concept of post-traumatic growth to foster a stronger sense of meaning and purpose. Further implementation of the program with larger numbers will allow for evaluation of the program’s effectiveness.

Bibliotherapy as an adjuvant tool in the treatment of emotional challenges in early schoolchildren

Bibliotherapy, known as bibliomania, literary, or reading therapy, is based on reflective and pedagogical exercises that use reading-aloud practices to promote introspective reflections for personal growth to strengthen problem-solving, the treatment of traumatic life situations and emotional health well-being. At the Corporación Universitaria Minuto de DIOS - UNIMINUTO, specifically in the ILVIC (Infancias, Lecturas y Vida Cotidiana, 2023) seedbed, a group of students and teachers used this work method with children from the Fundación de Cristo Rey, in the city of Bogotá. The class sessions revealed processes of teaching reading to infants between eight months and four years of age. The exercises were worked with disruptive and fraternal pedagogical purposes, concomitance with a participatory action-research methodology with a qualitative approach. This allowed students and teachers to systematize their practices through the instruments applied in the various class workshops. This diversified knowledge broadened the possibilities of teaching children's literature and forked paths in forming readers from childhood.

Blockchain-Enabled Construction and Demolition Waste Management: Advancing Information Management for Enhanced Sustainability and Efficiency

The construction industry is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions, primarily due to the generation of substantial construction and demolition waste. However, the current practices in construction and demolition waste management (CDWM) face various information management challenges that undermine their overall effectiveness. Correspondingly, this research proposes the integration of blockchain technology as a strategic solution to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of CDWM. Despite the potential of blockchain in revolutionizing CDWM, research in this area remains limited. To address such a gap, this study adopts a design science action research methodology to integrate the use of blockchain technology into CDWM. Specifically, this study has creatively introduced the blockchain-based data supply chain to address the principal–agent problem in CDWM and develop a novel blockchain-enabled framework for CDWM. Additionally, a six-layer system architecture for the blockchain-based CDWM information system has been developed. This integration holds the promise of streamlining and empowering CDWM processes and thereby improving the administration and regulation of CDWM. Notably, the utilization of blockchain technology also presents an innovative opportunity for carbon reduction and offsetting within the construction industry. This research makes a substantial contribution to the field by introducing a novel approach to address information management challenges in CDWM, thereby promoting sustainable practices in the construction industry.

Creation of an instrument for pediatric mental health in indigenous people: A participatory design

Indigenous communities represent a population group with multiple vulnerabilities that are exacerbated in low- and middle-income countries. The group of children and youths faces exposure to adverse living conditions that add to the complexity of the values and meanings they give to life, well-being, and health, especially mental health. In this sense, it is essential to find culturally sensitive approaches for the recognition of such meanings from mental health and its aspects of affectation. Therefore, we sought to describe a methodological process of co-construction and cultural approach with indigenous communities of an early detection instrument for mental disorders and spiritual disharmonies in childhood and youth. This study corresponded to the qualitative phase of a sequential, contextual mixed methods design, based on moments from the implementation of a Participatory Action Research methodology. It was found that collaborative processes of cultural approach in research allow for more precise knowledge of special importance for the recognition of alterations in mental health, which is also reflected in better processes of understanding needs, desires, and possibilities in mental health and that in turn allows for the development of timely actions of recognition and accompaniment. It is necessary to continue with the development processes of culturally appropriate methodologies for mental health research in indigenous communities.

Crafting Folktale Narratives: Bangflo Coffee's Innovative Digital Storytelling Journey on Instagram

Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of integrating the Sasando folktale into Bangflo Coffee's brand identity on Instagram, focusing on its effects on consumer behavior, loyalty, and market positioning in the Jakarta coffee industry.
 
 Theoretical framework: The study is grounded in the foundations of storytelling in human culture, the strategic application of storytelling in digital communication, and the multidimensional nature of brand identity.
 
 Method: Employing a robust action research methodology rooted in Lewin's cycle, the study emphasizes the strategic use of storytelling. Multiple action research cycles are conducted to adapt the Sasando as a central symbol, aligning with President Joko Widodo's support for local entrepreneurs.
 
 Results and conclusion: The Sasando assumes a prominent role in Bangflo Coffee's identity, symbolizing cultural heritage and connecting deeply with the audience. The storytelling approach resonates with socially conscious millennials, fostering community, social responsibility, and heightened brand awareness. The integration of folktales proves effective in transforming the brand beyond a simple coffee supplier into a meaningful cultural ambassador.
 
 Originality/value: This research contributes to the field by showcasing the innovative use of digital storytelling in the coffee industry, bridging traditional folklore with modern branding strategies. It emphasizes the importance of cultural integration in creating authentic and enduring connections with consumers, particularly in the context of social media platforms like Instagram.

Leveraging Digital Marketing For Traditional Grocery Businesses

This study examines the implementation of digital marketing strategies in a traditional grocery distributor in Malang, Indonesia, operating with conventional methods. The research, conducted from June to September 2023, follows an action research methodology encompassing identification, design, implementation, and evaluation stages. The initial identification phase, through interviews and observations, highlighted the distributor's limited customer reach, necessitating a digital marketing approach for market expansion. The subsequent design phase involved creating tailored content for social media platforms like TikTok and Instagram, including product photos, videos, and storytelling in captions. The strategy implementation stage saw these plans executed, with significant content posted across platforms and the successful integration of an e-catalogue and Google Business for enhanced online visibility. The project evaluation revealed increased customer engagement on social media, indicating effective strategy implementation. However, challenges in quantitatively assessing direct sales impact due to the distributor's traditional operation model were noted. The study suggests that while immediate sales increases were not definitively measured, the strategy laid the groundwork for future growth and market expansion. The research highlights the importance of digital marketing for traditional businesses in adapting to the digital era and underscores the necessity of establishing clear KPIs for effective strategy evaluation..

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INSTAGRAM SOCIAL MEDIA AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE POETRY WRITING SKILLS IN GRADE X STUDENTS OF YAPIN KERTASEMAYA VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2022/2023

This research investigates the application of Instagram social media to enhance poetry writing skills among Class X students at SMK YAPIN Kertasemaya during the academic year 2022/2023. The study, focusing on 14 students in the ASKEP class, addresses the identified deficiency in poetry writing proficiency within the school. The research aims to answer two key questions: 1) How does the application of Instagram social media impact learning in poetry writing? 2) What is the effect of Instagram social media on the improvement of learning outcomes in poetry writing? The research employs a classroom action research methodology, with 14 Class X students as subjects. Data collection involves observations and tests conducted in two cycles. The findings reveal a notable enhancement in the process of learning poetry writing skills. In Cycle I, the average test score was 70, and it increased to 73 in Cycle II, indicating a positive progression. Consequently, the research concludes that the implementation of Instagram as a learning tool effectively improves poetry writing skills among Class X ASKEP students at SMK YAPIN Kertasemaya, influencing positive behavioral changes in the students' approach to writing poetry.

Implementation of a Business Intelligence System in the Brazilian Nuclear Industry: An Action Research

The literature on information systems emphasizes the positive impact of information from business intelligence systems (BIS) on decision-making, especially in highly regulated environments. Assessing BIS effectiveness is vital to understanding its value and significance in improving operational performance and management. However, deploying BIS and understanding how BIS dimensions are interrelated and how they affect the decision-making process in organizations in the nuclear field still need to be explored. In order to address this research gap, this article investigates the process of implementing BIS in a Brazilian company from the nuclear industry using an action research methodology. Results suggest that the use of BIS in decision-making routines allowed company managers to expand their perception of previously neglected information, significantly helping in decision-making and prioritizing actions and/or solutions.