Acrylic Surface Research Articles

Evaluation of biofilm formation on acrylic resin surfaces coated with silicon dioxide: an in situ study.

Biofilm on acrylic resin dental prostheses may cause gingival inflammation. This study evaluated the influence of a silicon dioxide coating layer applied onto acrylic resin on the adhesion of microorganisms. Blocks (5 x 5 x 3 mm) of acrylic resin were evaluated for surface roughness and divided into two groups: control (CG) and coated with silicon dioxide (LG group). The specimens were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (n = 1) and by contact angle analysis (n = 3). For the in situ study, 20 volunteers wore acrylic palatal devices containing three samples from each group (n = 60) for 2 days. The biofilm formed was quantified by metabolic activity and total biomass using the crystal violet assay. The results were subjected to Bartlett's normality test and Gamma model with random effect for the response variable (α = 5%). The mean contact angle of the coated group was significantly lower than that of the uncoated group (p < 0.05). The metabolic activity of microorganisms in the biofilm on the blocks treated with coating was significantly lower than that of control blocks (p = 0.02). Regarding the amount of extracellular matrix produced by the microorganisms, there was no difference between the CG and LG group (p = 0.05). The application of a silicon dioxide coating on acrylic resin reduced the activity of the polymicrobial biofilm formed in situ. This coating may be advantageous for patients with conventional complete dentures or implants made of acrylic resin and who have motor difficulties that prevent them from cleaning their prostheses properly.

Geraniol and thymoquinone inhibit Candida spp. biofilm formation on acrylic denture resin without affecting surface roughness or color.

This study was designed to investigate the in vitro effects of geraniol (GE) and thymoquinone (TQ) on Candida biofilms on denture acrylic and any accompanying changes in acrylic surface roughness or color. The susceptibility of Candida species to GE and TQ was determined using the broth microdilution method and time-kill assay. A minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assay was performed using 7-day Candida biofilms grown on denture acrylic. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GE and TQ for Candida spp. was 256 and 32 µg/mL, respectively. The Candida strain complete kill rates for GE and TQ at 5-fold MIC were determined after 1 h of incubation. At 5-fold MIC, GE and TQ inhibited the preformed biofilm activity (MBEC80) of all Candida strains on denture acrylic by more than 80% after treatment for 3 h. At sub-MIC levels, GE and TQ prevented the development of C. albicans and C. tropicalis hyphae. SEM images demonstrated that GE and TQ damaged the fungal cell membrane and induced cell lysis. On the other hand, GE and TQ at 10-fold MIC did not alter the surface roughness or color of the denture acrylic. GE and TQ are interesting natural substances that could be developed as promising disinfectants for removable dentures.

BEHAVIOUR OF METHYLCELLULOSE GEL AT HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS FOR CLEANING OF ACRYLIC PAINTED SURFACES

This research demonstrates the application of methylcellulose (MC) as a gelator for cleaning acrylic painted surfaces. Highly thickened methylcellulose gels were predominantly tested to investigate the residue left after cleaning. The function of methylcellulose as a molecular trap was also assessed to minimize the clearance issue. The presence of residue, the efficacy of the methylcellulose as a cleaning agent and its physical impact on the paint surfaces were investigated using a digital microscope in normal, raking, and ultraviolet lights. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to study the compositional and topographical changes on the paint surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed in attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode to observe the presence of residues after complete removal of the gelling agent. The experimental results indicated a minimum interaction of methylcellulose on the paint surface as the concentration increases in the gel formulation. The super-thickened hydrogels also worked like molecular traps useful for removal of soiling from the painted surfaces.

Functional Acrylic Surfaces Obtained by Scratching

By using sandpaper of different grit, we have scratched up smooth sheets of acrylic to cover their surfaces with disordered but near parallel micro-grooves. This procedure allowed us to transform the acrylic surface into a functional surface; measuring the capillary rise of silicone oil up to an average height h¯, we found that h¯ evolves as a power law of the form h¯∼tn, where t is the elapsed time from the start of the flow and n takes the values 0.40 or 0.50, depending on the different inclinations of the sheets. Such behavior can be understood alluding to the theoretical predictions for the capillary rise in very tight, open capillary wedges. We also explore other functionalities of such surfaces, as the loss of mass of water sessile droplets on them and the generic role of worn surfaces, in the short survival time of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Preliminary study into the effects of tobacco smoke on Candida albicans

Background: Denture-stomatitis (DS) is the most common form of oral candidosis with increased prevalence in cigarette smokers (Akram et al. 2018). Interestingly, tobacco condensate (TC) increases Candida albicans adhesion, growth, biofilm-formation, virulence gene expression (Semlali et al. 2014)and hyphal production (Awad and Karuppayil 2018). We hypothesised that TC-treated denture acrylic would therefore affect C. albicans within acrylic biofilms. Methods: Acrylic discs (pre-conditioned with TC, artificial saliva (AS) or water) were incubated at 37°C with C. albicans (n=6) for 90 min or 24 h. Adherent Candida were stained with calcofluor white and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) used to assess levels of adherence, biofilm and hyphal numbers. Expressed virulence genes (n=7) were measured by qPCR. Results: CLSM showed that effects of TC-treatment were strain dependent. Adherence of C. albicans PTR/94 to TC-treated surfaces was significantly (P&lt;0.002) lower than on the untreated control. Biofilm levels of PTR/94 after 24 h were found to be significantly higher on AS-treated acrylic than the TC-treated and untreated control. Five strains had significantly fewer filamentous forms after 90 min on TC-treated surfaces. TC-treatment promoted hyphal levels for strain 705/93 after 24h. Conclusion: TC pre-conditioning altered adherence and biofilm coverage of C. albicans to acrylic surfaces and influenced hyphal development. Work is ongoing to ascertain the significance of these effects on C. albicans pathogenicity. Akram et al. (2018). Journal of Oral Science 60(1):115–120. Awad and Karuppayil (2018). American Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials1(3):1–6. Semlali et al. (2014). BMC Microbiology. 14:61

Ozone ultrafine bubble water inhibits the early formation of Candida albicans biofilms.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of ozone ultrafine bubble water (OUFBW) on the formation and growth of Candida albicans (C. albicans) biofilms and surface properties of denture base resins. OUFBWs were prepared under concentrations of 6 (OUFBW6), 9 (OUFBW9), and 11 ppm (OUFBW11). Phosphate buffered saline and ozone-free electrolyte aqueous solutions (OFEAS) were used as controls. Acrylic resin discs were made according to manufacturer instructions, and C. albicans was initially cultured on the discs for 1.5 h. A colony forming unit (CFU) assay was performed by soaking the discs in OUFBW for 5 min after forming a 24-h C. albicans biofilm. The discs after initial attachment for 1.5 h were immersed in OUFBW and then cultured for 0, 3, and 5 h. CFUs were subsequently evaluated at each time point. Moreover, a viability assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Alamar Blue assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test were performed. To investigate the long-term effects of OUFBW on acrylic resin surface properties, Vickers hardness (VH) and surface roughness (Ra) were measured. We found that OUFBW9 and OUFBW11 significantly degraded the formed 24-h biofilm. The time point CFU assay showed that C. albicans biofilm formation was significantly inhibited due to OUFBW11 exposure. Interestingly, fluorescence microscopy revealed that almost living cells were observed in all groups. In SEM images, the OUFBW group had lesser number of fungi and the amount of non-three-dimensional biofilm than the control group. In the Alamar Blue assay, OUFBW11 was found to suppress Candida metabolic function. The qRT-PCR test showed that OUFBW down-regulated ALS1 and ALS3 expression regarding cell-cell, cell-material adhesion, and biofilm formation. Additionally, VH and Ra were not significantly different between the two groups. Overall, our data suggest that OUFBW suppressed C. albicans growth and biofilm formation on polymethyl methacrylate without impairing surface properties.

Effect of Thermocycling on Surface Roughness and Shear Bond Strength of Acrylic Soft Liner to the Surface of Thermoplastic Acrylic Treated with Ethyl Acetate

Objective: To enhance bonding strength between thermoplastic denture base and acrylic soft liner through ethyl acetate surface treatment.Materials and Methods: Modifications of thermoplastic acrylic denture base surface were investigated with SEM. FTIR was used to detect whether there was a chemical bond between thermoplastic acrylic and the organic solvent. A total of 80 samples were prepared and divided into 20 samples for the surface roughness test and 60 samples for the shear bond strength test. Failure type was assessed visually.Results: Shear bond strength and surface roughness values of un treated samples were lower in comparison to surface treated groups; the greatest post thermocycling bond strength value was recorded for the samples treated with ethyl acetate following 1500 cycles.Conclusions: Bonding strength was improved following ethyl acetate surface treatment.

Development of Novel Forms of Fungal Art Using Aspergillus nidulans.

Fungi are embedded in human culture, tradition, and art, and have featured as inspirational and visual motifs. Psychedelic and medicinal mushrooms have been sculpted, painted, and ingested by our ancestors since prehistory. In modern times, the growing divide between the arts and sciences has delegated fungal art to a niche activity, with the bulk of the focus being on mycelium as a biomaterial. A collaboration between a multidisciplinary artist and a research laboratory, specializing in the molecular study of Aspergillus molds, has allowed us to develop new forms of mycelial art. We describe in detail the development of fungal art techniques using nutrient-rich agar containing Aspergillus nidulans conidia spotted on glass acrylic surfaces or impregnated onto etched acrylic blocks. This approach generates visually and temporally dynamic artwork that is user-friendly, safe, relatively resistant to contamination and easily scalable. Moreover, it offers countless avenues of artistic development based on the diversity of colors, textures and shapes afforded by different fungal species.

Improved barrier and mechanical properties of Al2O3/acrylic laminates using rugged fluorocarbon layers for flexible encapsulation

Thin film encapsulation (TFE) with high barrier performance and mechanical reliability is essential and challenging for flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this work, SF 6 plasma treatments were introduced for surface modifications of acrylic in Al 2 O 3 /acrylic laminates fabricated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and ink-jet printing (IJP). It was found that micro-/nano-structures and surface fluoridation appeared on the surface of acrylic, and could be modulated by the discharge power and irradiation of plasma treatment. The water vapor transmission rates (WVTR) of Al 2 O 3 /acrylic multi-layers decreased evidently because of reducing surface polarity and strong cross-link of acrylic after plasma treatments. Furthermore, the rugged surface and relieved residual stress resulted from etching and heating of acrylic could enhance the mechanical property remarkably. The plasma treated Al 2 O 3 /acrylic multi-layers with only 3 dyads exhibited a low WVTR value of 1.02 × 10 −6 g/m 2 /day and more stable mechanical property under 200 iterations blending test by comparative measurements, proving that the introduction of SF 6 plasma surface modifications could improve simultaneously the barrier performance and mechanical reliability prominently of the inorganic/organic multi-layers with no need of extra neutral axis design. • SF 6 plasma treatment was introduced for the interface modification of Al 2 O 3 /acrylic multilayers. • Micro-/nano-structures and surface fluoridation appeared on acrylic surface after SF 6 plasma treatment. • The barrier performance of Al 2 O 3 /acrylic multilayers can be improved remarkably by SF 6 plasma treatment. • The mechanical reliability of Al 2 O 3 /acrylic multilayers can be enhanced evidently by SF 6 plasma treatment.

Evaluation and comparison of shear bond strength of all surface bonding primer with a conventional primer using two different materials of brackets bonded to different surfaces: An in vitro study

Orthodontic treatment frequently requires bonding brackets onto various types of surfaces like enamel, metal restorations, composites, ceramics, zirconia, acrylic temporaries etc. The development of new materials and techniques, simplifies the clinical procedures. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the SBS of all surface bonding Primer (Assure plus Primer) compared with conventional primer (Transbond XT) onto tooth, acrylic temporary crown and Zirconia crown surfaces using metal and ceramic brackets. 120 samples were divided into 3 Groups - Tooth surfaces (n=40), Acrylic temporary crown (n=40) and PFM crown surfaces (n=40). Subgroup A surfaces were primed with Transbond XT and bonded using Transbond XT adhesive paste to metal brackets and ceramic brackets. Subgroups B were primed with Assure Plus and bonded using Transbond XT adhesive paste. After debonding procedure, SBS was assessed. Group-III showed higher SBS values compared to Group-II and Group-I. The least SBS was seen in Group I, Subgroup-I B, Assure Plus Primer and metal brackets combination and the highest was seen in Group-III, Subgroup-III B, Assure Plus Primer and ceramic brackets combination.

SIMULATION OF NEUTRON RESPONSE FUNCTIONS OF SILICON SENSOR APPLIED TO REAL-TIME PERSONAL ALBEDO NEUTRON DOSEMETER IN THE ENERGY RANGE BETWEEN 0.01EV AND 10KEV.

Neutron response functions of a silicon sensor, which is applied to a new real-time personal albedo neutron dosemeter, have been simulated for low energy neutrons from 0.01eV to 10keV using the Monte Carlo technique. The angular neutron response functions were obtained by multiplying simulated neutron energy spectra crossing the neutron sensor and the cross-section of the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction. The neutron response functions have been closed to the dose conversion coefficient of personal doses, Hp(10) recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection by selecting neutrons incident from angles of 105° to 180° with respect to an axis perpendicular to an acrylic phantom surface. From these simulation results, the neutron energy response function has been improved by shielding the sensor with cadmium box without a face toward the phantom. The neutron sensor provides a good conformance to the Hp(10) conversion coefficients within 15% for low energy neutrons.

Mechanical and antimicrobial effects of riboflavin-mediated photosensitization of in vitro C. albicans formed on polymethyl methacrylate resin

PurposeThis study assessed the potential of riboflavin-mediated photodynamic therapy (RF-PDT) against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and compared the effects of RF-PDT with other therapeutic modalities in terms of mechanical and surface characteristics of acrylic denture base material. Materials and methodsMolds (10 × 10 × 2 mm) of acrylic resin specimens were prepared and underwent artificial ageing. C. albicans were grown aerobically over the specimens and divided into four groups (n = 10/group); Group-I: no decontamination; Group-II: nystatin suspension; Group-III: riboflavin 0.1% in darkness, Group-IV: blue LED light only, and Group-V: riboflavin 0.1% for 10 minutes (pre-irradiation time) and photoactivated by the blue LED light (light dose). Fungal viability was assessed using MTT assay and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser microscopy (CLSM). Treated specimens were subjected to surface roughness (Ra), flexural strength (FS), and flexural modulus (FM). ResultsGroup-I showed the highest C. albicans viability followed by Group-III. Nystatin group (Group-II) showed ∼50% of the viability while RF-PDT showed the least C. albicans viability among the four groups (p<0.05). On SEM, specimens treated with Group-IV and V showed almost clear and free from C. albicans that was evidenced on CLSM. Post-treated specimens and storage after 72 h revealed that FS was significantly higher for RF-PDT group as compared to any other group (>105.82 MPa) (p<0.05). The FM and Ra showed statistically no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). ConclusionRF-PDT showed the highest anti-fungal capacity against C. albicans over acrylic denture surface without any surface deterioration.

Transparency and water resistance of a superhydrophobic acrylic surface prepared using THF/IPA etching-assisted SiO2 NPs

A transparent and water-resistant superhydrophobic acrylic surface was successfully fabricated via the use of tetrahydrofuran/isopropyl alcohol (THF/IPA) etching-assisted SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). A coating solution was prepared by mixing methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS)-modified SiO2 nanoparticles in THF/IPA at different ratios to improve the superhydrophobicity and roughness of the acrylic surface. The acrylic was then dipped into the coating solution for 1 min under ambient air. Superhydrophobicity with a high water contact angle (>155°) and low sliding angle (<5°) was observed after modification of the acrylic surfaces. A sample prepared using a THF/IPA ratio of 50/50 showed a normalized transmittance of 88%, which was determined to be the optimum condition. Moreover, the water resistance of samples prepared using a THF/IPA ratio higher than 50/50 reached over 18,000 drops, which is a necessary requirement for transparent self-cleaning applications.

Trinseo will buy acrylic sheet firm Aristech Surfaces

Trinseo will buy acrylic sheet firm Aristech Surfaces

Bioinspired Triboelectric Soft Robot Driven by Mechanical Energy

AbstractA sustainable power source is a key technical challenge for practical applications of electrically responsive soft robots, especially the required voltage is over several thousand volts. Here, a practicable new technology, triboelectric soft robot (TESR) system with the primary characteristics of power source from mechanical energy, is developed. At its heart is TESR with bioinspired architectures made of soft‐deformable body and two triboelectric adhesion feet, which is driven and accurately controlled through triboelectric effect, while reaching maximum crawling speeds of 14.9 mm s−1 on the acrylic surface. The characteristics of the TESR, including displacement and force, are tested and simulated under the power of a rotary freestanding triboelectric nanogenerator (RF‐TENG). Crawling of TESR is successfully realized on different materials surfaces and different angle slopes under the driven of RF‐TENG. Furthermore, a real‐time visual monitoring platform, in which TESR carries a micro camera to transmit images in a long narrow tunnel, is also achieved successfully, indicating that it can be used for fast diagnosis in an area inaccessible to human beings in the future. This study offers a new insight into the sustainable power source technologies suitable for electrically responsive soft robots and contributes to expanding the applicability of TENGs.

Easy-to-Make Polymer Hydrogels by UV-Curing for the Cleaning of Acrylic Emulsion Paint Films.

The cleaning of acrylic emulsion paint surfaces poses a great challenge in the conservation field, due to their high water sensitivity. In this article, we present easy-to-make polymer hydrogels, made by UV-photopolymerization, that show excellent cleaning properties. The formulation of hydrogels obtained by UV-curing and their performance as dry cleaners for acrylic paints was investigated. First, different hydrogel formulations based on functional acrylic monomers were used to formulate a series of UV cross-linked hydrogels by fast UV photopolymerization. Their effectiveness on surface dirt removal was investigated by SEM microscopy and colorimetry. The hydrogels showed excellent cleaning properties and controlled water release, and they still performed satisfactorily after several cleaning uses. The obtained UV-hydrogels were compared to the well-known agar gels, showing benefits in terms of reducing excess water. This article shows that easy-to-make UV-cured hydrogels are an efficient tool for the cleaning of surface dirt from water-sensitive paintings, overcoming the limits of traditional cleaning methods.

THE EFFECT OF RETENTION FORMS ON ACRYLIC BASE SURFACES ON ADHESIVE STRENGTH OF DENTURE RELINER MATERIALS

Background: Acrylic prosthesis that are used for a long time are often not sticky anymore and easy off. Treatment that can be done is relining, which is resurfacing with new material addition to prosthesis surface in contact with mucosa. One of materials used is denture reliner made of acrylic material (heat and self cured acrylic). The successful use of this reliner material depends on the retention of acrylic base surface. There is some retentions namely bur strokes, ethyl acetate and Al2O3 sandblast. Purpose: To determine effect of retention in form of bur strokes, Ethyl Acetate and Al2O3 sandblast on acrylic bases surface on adhesive strength of reliner denture material. Method: Research using samples in form of acrylic blocks with a length of 80mm, a large block width of 10 x10 mm and small block of 10 x 8 mm, reliner material thickness is 3 mm. Total of 64 samples were divided into 2 groups based on reliner materials (heat and self) and each group was divided into 4 groups based on treatment (control, bur stroke, ethyl acetat and Al2O33 sandblast). All samples were subjected to tensile test using UTM to obtain tensile strength values. Result: Heat CA tensile strength value was greater than self CA and the two groups were significantly different (p&lt;0.05), while lowest tensile strength value in control group followed by ethyl acetate and largest value in Al2O3 sandblast and almost all groups were significantly different (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Heat CA is more adhesive than self CA and retention on acrylic surface is proven to be effective in increasing adhesive strength of acrylic surface against denture reliner.

Efficient Prevention of Marine Biofilm Formation Employing a Surface-Grafted Repellent Marine Peptide.

Creation of surfaces resistant to the formation of microbial biofilms via biomimicry has been heralded as a promising strategy to protect a range of different materials ranging from boat hulls to medical devices and surgical instruments. In our current study, we describe the successful transfer of a highly effective natural marine biofilm inhibitor to the 2D surface format. A series of cyclic peptides inspired by the natural equinatoxin II protein produced by Beadlet anemone (Actinia equine) have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit the formation of a mixed marine microbial consortium on polyamide reverse osmosis membranes. In solution, the peptides are shown to effectively inhibit settlement and biofilm formation in a nontoxic manner down to 1 nM concentrations. In addition, our study also illustrates how the peptides can be applied to disperse already established biofilms. Attachment of a hydrophobic palmitic acid tail generates a peptide suited for strong noncovalent surface interactions and allows the generation of stable noncovalent coatings. These adsorbed peptides remain attached to the surface at significant shear stress and also remain active, effectively preventing the biofilm formation over 24 h. Finally, the covalent attachment of the peptides to an acrylate surface was also evaluated and the prepared coatings display a remarkable ability to prevent surface colonization at surface loadings of 55 ng/cm2 over 48 h. The ability to retain the nontoxic antibiofilm activity, documented in solution, in the covalent 2D-format is unprecedented, and this natural peptide motif displays high potential in several material application areas.

Antimicrobial activity of experimental chitosan solutions on acrylic resin and cobalt-chromium surfaces.

To evaluate the application of chitosan as a cleanser in the control of biofilm formation on cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy and acrylic resin surfaces. In total, 172 Co-Cr discs and 172 acrylic resin discs (14 mm x 3 mm) were contaminated with Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, or Candida glabrata and incubated for 48 hours. Then, specimens were randomly divided into groups and immersed in the following solutions for 15 minutes: WC = solution without chitosan (control); CH = chitosan solution (5 mg/mL); CN = chitosan nanoparticle solution (3.8 mg/mL); and ET = effervescent tablet. Biofilm recovery rates (n = 9) were evaluated by counting the colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Biofilm morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Data were compared with Kruskal-Wallis or analysis of variance followed by Tukey post hoc tests. For acrylic resin, ET showed the lowest number of CFU for S aureus and S mutans (P < .001). CH exhibited intermediate values for S mutans, S aureus, and C albicans, and CN exhibited intermediate values for S mutans and S aureus. For C glabrata, there was no statistical difference between the solutions (P = .264). For Co-Cr, ET showed the highest level of antimicrobial action against all microorganisms (P < .001), and CH showed an intermediate level of action against S mutans and S aureus. Against C albicans and C glabrata, there was no significant difference among CH, CN, and WC. Although ET had a broader spectrum of antimicrobial action, the chitosan solution showed promise as a denture cleanser.

Efficacy of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) against Candida albicans over acrylic denture surface: An in vitro study

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this article is to assess the efficacy of red betel leaf against Candida albicans over acrylic denture surface. Materials and Methods: This research used an experimental design. The efficacy of red betel leaf was assessed through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and immersion tests. The results of MIC test using microdilution method were determined using turbidimetric and spectrophotometric methods. The immersion test used 30 sterilized identical heat-cured acrylic resin plates (10×10×2 mm), five each for six groups contaminated by Candida albicans and immersed in different denture cleansers (red betel leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, alkaline peroxide denture cleanser “fitty dent”® as positive control, and sterile distilled water as negative control). The number of microorganisms was calculated and analyzed using analysis of variance followed by post hoc test. Results: MIC of red betel leaf extract was 2.34% (turbidimetric method) and 0.29% (spectrophotometric method). The immersion test showed that the statistical analysis of the six groups was significant (P<0.01). The more the concentration of red betel leaf extracts (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%), the lesser the number of colonies of C. albicans (48, 8.6, 4.4, and 4.2 ×103 CFU/mL); meanwhile, the reduction value increased to 62.09%, 93.21%, 96.53%, and 96.68%. There were no significant differences between 30% and 40% red betel leaf extract concentration (P = 0.89). The highest number of colonies was in negative control (126.6 × 103 CFU/mL) and the smallest was in positive control (1.3×103 CFU/mL). Conclusion: Red betel leaf had efficacy against C. albicans over acrylic denture surface at 30% concentration.