The surface hardness of powder injection molded (PIM) 316L is generally low due to the inherited austenitic structure and large grains induced during high-temperature sintering. To increase the surface hardness and the wear resistance, low-temperature carburization (LTC) was applied to PIM 316L. With carburization at 773 K (500 °C) for 24 hours, the resulting hardness at the surface increases from 160 to 810 HV due to the “colossal” supersaturation of interstitial carbon and M5C2 carbide, and the corrosion resistance is not deteriorated. The carburized depth is about 40 μm, and the carbon content in this layer is about 3.25 wt pct or 13.5 at. pct, which causes lattice expansion of the austenite. When the carburization temperature increases to 823 K (550 °C), or the carburization time increases to 72 hours, chromium carbides are observed and the corrosion resistance is impaired. One distinct advantage of applying LTC to PIM 316L is that no acid cleaning process is required, unlike for wrought counterparts, because of the clean surface of the sintered materials.