Accessible Form Research Articles

For the love of insects: gardening grows positive emotions (biophilia) towards invertebrates

As growing urban populations have fewer chances to experience nature, i.e., ‘the extinction of experience’, the subsequent loss of emotional affinities for biodiversity (biophilia) pose major challenges to environmental conservation. Gardening, as an everyday nature interaction and window into invertebrate ecological functioning may offer opportunities to develop biophilia. However, the associations between gardening and biophilia/biophobia towards invertebrates remains untested. We conducted an online survey (n = 443) with adults in Japan about their nature and gardening experiences, demographics, and species identification knowledge in relation to their biophilia (like) and biophobia (dislike, fear, and disgust) towards invertebrates. We also asked participants about their perceptions of invertebrates as ‘beneficials’ or ‘pests’. From responses, we ranked invertebrates according to the attitudes held towards them. We found that frequent gardeners were more likely to express biophilia and perceive invertebrates as beneficial, and generally less likely to express biophobia towards invertebrates. Frequency of visits to recreational parks, but not national/state parks was associated with increased biophilia and reduced dislike and fear of invertebrates. Our results suggest that gardening, in addition to localised nature experiences, acts as a possible pathway towards appreciation of invertebrate biodiversity. We recommend that policymakers and conservation organisations view urban gardening as a potential tool to minimise the negative impacts of the extinction of experience.Implications for insect conservationAs people are more likely to conserve what they love, finding ways to nurture positive attitudes towards insects is critical for the public support needed for successful insect conservation. Considering gardening is a relatively accessible form of nature connection even in cities, our findings of the association between gardening and biophilia towards invertebrates holds promise for potential pathways towards fostering support for insect conservation now and into the future.

A qualitative investigation of resilience among small farms in western Washington State: Experiences during the first growing season of COVID-19

The 2020 growing season presented new and sig­nificant challenges for farmers and farms across the United States as they navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. The rich and diverse agricultural land­scape of Washington State offers a valuable micro­cosm in which to explore the experiences of farms in the U.S. during the pandemic. The pur­pose of this study was to qualitatively assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on directly marketing small farms in western Washington State, with a focus on farmers’ experiences with resilience. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 15 farmers and used thematic analysis to explore the influence of the pandemic on overall experiences, responses, and values and perceptions related to small farms. Interviewees provided insights on the impacts of the pandemic on their daily farm operations, production costs, marketing channels, demand, and revenue. Farmers also reported shifting personal and public attitudes towards small farms during the pandemic. Product diversity, flexibility, multiple forms of support, values, and access to resources emerged as drivers of COVID-19 impacts and farm adaptations. When compared to existing frameworks on farm resilience, farms in this study are seen to demon­strate resilience via buffer and adaptive capabilities, which enable them to absorb and adjust to shocks. Farmers also discussed resilience via transformative capability, the potential to create new systems, lev­eraging the collective power of small farms to shape future food systems. Future research on the resilience of small farms should focus on ways to both promote resilience attributes and facilitate the ability of farmers to act on resilience capabilities.

"I Called When I Was at My Lowest": Australian Men's Experiences of Crisis Helplines.

Background: Helplines are an accessible form of support for people struggling with difficulties in their lives and are key services in suicide prevention and intervention. Men’s experiences of telephone helplines are not well understood, despite high male suicide rates. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey with N = 684 Australian men (aged 17–83 years, M = 50.13) using open- and closed-ended questions about their experiences of helplines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics were analysed to investigate differences between men using and not using helplines. Qualitative responses were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Within the sample, 100 men (14.6%) had used a helpline service. Men using helplines were more likely to be unemployed and in younger age brackets than those not using helplines. They were also more likely to report experiencing stressors related to COVID-19, including financial stress and job loss, perceived impact on mental health and relationship breakdown. Qualitative analysis indicated varied experiences of helplines, with men shedding light on how their interaction with a counsellor, the structure of services and their expectations of the service impacted their experience. Conclusions: Further in-depth qualitative enquiry in this space is required, with the objective of understanding how helpline services may seek to better engage with male callers.

Repeated Intra-Articular Administration of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Clinical Case Series.

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are manifested, inter alia, by pain and limited scope of the mandibular abduction. Among the treatment strategies for these ailments, intra-articular injections of autologous blood preparations, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), are administered. This prospective case series was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of repeated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) administration to the TMJ cavities in terms of reducing articular pain and increasing the mobility of the mandible. Material and methods: 40 consecutive patients diagnosed with TMJ pain qualified for the case series. The entire treatment program consisted of five PRP administrations and a summary appointment. Regression was analyzed for (1) intensity of spontaneous pain; (2) effectiveness of spontaneous pain relief; (3) mastication efficiency values; (4) painless mandibular abduction; (5) maximum mouth opening. The correlations between the abovementioned variable series were analyzed. Results: The mean spontaneous pain decreased consistently with successive PRP administrations in line with the regression model: −0.4x + 4.2 (R2 = 0.98). Articular pain improvement was reported in 71% of joints treated. Improvement in chewing quality at the end of the entire injection cycle was found in 63% of patients. The equations for the linear regression models for painless mandibular abduction (five applications of PRP) and maximum mouth opening (the first four applications of PRP) were x + 34 (R2 = 0.89) and 0.6x + 43.6 (R2 = 0.96), respectively. Improvement in these domains was found in 78% and 53% of patients, respectively. The strongest correlations were found between pain and chewing efficiency (−0.95), pain and painless mandible abduction (−0.96), and painless mandibular abduction and mastication efficiency (0.94). Conclusion: PRP injections into TMJ cavities should be considered as a low invasive, highly accessible form of treatment for various TMDs causing pain and mandible movement limitation.

Concentration of online news traffic and publishers' reliance on platform referrals: Evidence from passive tracking data in the UK

Attention to online news is highly concentrated and increasingly shaped by platforms including search engines, social media, and aggregators that many use to find and access online news, potentially leaving some publishers highly reliant on platforms, raising the possibility of what has been called "platformization" or "infrastructural capture". We use passive tracking data from the UK to measure how concentrated attention to online news is across different types of access (direct, social media, search engines, aggregators) and to examine how reliant different individual news publishers are on platform referrals. We find that direct traffic to news sites is highly concentrated, whereas all the distributed forms of access analyzed have much lower levels of concentration. While we find that platform referrals are important for most publishers, we identify different profiles in terms of the volume of and reliance on referrals, suggesting that while some are very dependent on platforms, others are not. Overall, we find that while platforms themselves are part of the winner-takes-most concentration of attention overall on the internet, they simultaneously seem to contribute to less concentrated markets for attention to online news.

Physiotherapists’ perception on first contact practice in Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey

ObjectivesPhysiotherapy has evolved over the years in training and practice. Physiotherapists’ perception of first contact physiotherapy (FCP) and the patient self-referral (PSR) practice model in Nigeria may form a basis for the actualization of FCP practice in Nigeria. This study assessed physiotherapists’ perception of FCP practice and PSR in Nigeria.Design and settingThis study was a cross-sectional survey of 72 physiotherapists from purposively selected academic and health institutions.MethodsA previously validated questionnaire on the global view of FCP and PSR was used in this study. Data were analyzed descriptively.ResultsThe majority of the physiotherapists were aware of national legislation regulating physiotherapy practice (97.2%) and defined the scope of practice (94%) in Nigeria. Respondents who expressed the view that the expected competency of entry-level physiotherapy is sufficient for first contact practitioners were in preponderance (75%). More than half (52.8%) of the respondents perceived medical and political views, as well as professional skills of the physiotherapists as strong barriers to first contact physiotherapy practice in Nigeria.ConclusionPhysiotherapists in Nigeria seem to intuitively recognize some form of first contact practice or direct access to patients, but unfortunately lack the legislative backing for such practices. There is a widespread assumption of professional autonomy among physiotherapists in Nigeria.

Accessibility of education for persons with disabilities in China: transforming special and inclusive education

Introduction. The existing education system in the modern world is built on the principles of ensuring equal accessibility to all citizens of the right to receive education, regardless of their functional capabilities. In China, over the past 30 years, the concept of integrated education has made some progress. At the same time, the Chinese educational system is constantly looking for adequate solutions to eliminate barriers in the education of people with disabilities. Purpose setting. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the stages of development and improvement of special and inclusive forms of education aimed at eliminating existing problems of discrimination against persons with disabilities, respect for the rights and learning opportunities for persons with disabilities. Methodology of the study. A theoretical review based on the materials of Chinese and foreign authors is presented, which explains the long-term aspects of the formation and development in the PRC of accessible forms of education for schoolchildren and students with special educational needs. Results. The gradual development of the pedagogical method – «education in one class», only in the recent past, has been formed into a relatively complete integrated system of school education, which is inseparable from the guiding ideology and institutional guarantees of Chinese inclusive education. The symbiosis of general and higher vocational education adapted to the needs of people with disabilities ultimately allows Chinese citizens to better integrate into society, creating an atmosphere of equality and tolerance. Conclusion. It is shown that the innovative process in the field of formation of inclusive education depends entirely on the strategy of Chinese state policy, which considers the priority of the progressive stable economic and social development of the country.

Iny Karajá Presence: Material and Visual Culture of Ritxoko Dolls in Museums

AbstractMuseums face the challenge of the lack of information on their museological documentation of ethnographic objects, specially those collected from indigenous peoples in an array of colonial and post‐colonial contexts. The PPK research project presented in this paper aims to contribute to the improvement of documentation on the Brazilian indigenous Iny Karajá dolls (ritxoko), which have been identified in museum collections around the world. This is most relevant to understudied collections in those museums expected to substantiate exhibitions, educational actions and other forms of access and communication of the collections to the public. In order to address the goal, the PPK project traces the dolls and the museums collections' trajectories, and targets at specifics such as the study of the dolls' clothing and body adornments. Participative research methodologies have proved to be critical as the interpersonal interfaces between researchers/institutions and Iny Karajá indigenous groups provides new data and a fresh understanding of the artifacts in the contexts of museum practices. The information has been organized in a database, which will be available at the digital Platform Tainacan. The usefulness of these findings to the museum field are to acknowledge and disseminate more accurately the Iny Karajá doll collections; to meet UNESCO's Recommendation on the Protection and Promotion of Museums and Collections (2015); and to account for ritxoko dress, seeking to discuss the place of indigenous artifacts at “ethnic” niches in museums.

Usage Patterns of Telepsychology and Face-to-Face Psychotherapy: Clients' Profiles and Perceptions.

BackgroundCurrently, most people who might need mental health care services do not receive them due to a number of reasons. Many of these reasons can be overcome by telepsychology, in other words, the use of ICT technologies for therapy (e.g., phone, videoconferencing, and apps); given that it facilitates access to specialized interventions. In fact, telepsychology is currently offered as an active service in many psychotherapy centers. However, its usage, how it is perceived, and who uses it are still largely unknown.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was (1) to determine if any pattern exists in the usage of telepsychology and face-to-face psychology, (2) to clarify people’s perception of telepsychology in terms of the advantages, barriers and efficacy of online psychotherapy, and (3) to examine usage patterns in terms of individual characteristics and identify patients’ profiles.MethodsAn online survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 514 subjects recluted by using an online advertisement. The inclusion criteria were: (1) to be older than 18 years old and (2) to answer completely the questionnaire. Cluster analysis, ANOVAs, and discriminant analysis were performed to test our research objectives.ResultsThree usage clusters were found: (1) face-to-face psychotherapy (57%; n = 292); (2) non-therapy (36.8%; n = 189); and (3) combined face-to-face psychotherapy and telepsychology (6.4%; n = 33). In addition, the perception of telepsychology varied among usage clusters, but a common perception emerged about the main telepsychology advantages, barriers and efficacy. Finally, the results showed that personal characteristics differentiated people in each of these clusters.ConclusionThe most common form of access to psychotherapy is the face-to-face form but the second way of delivery was a combination between face to face and online psychotherapy (research objective 1). People who combine face to face with online psychotherapy perceives this last as more efficient and with less barriers to access (research objective 2). Finally, some characteristic as eHealth experience and sociodemographic variables can help to identify people that will attend telepsychology initiatives (research objective 3). These clusters provide insight into opportunities for face-to-face and online patient engagement strategies.

Telehealth, Social Media, Patient Empowerment, and Physician Burnout: Seeking Middle Ground.

The digital revolution is an ongoing process that has nevertheless profoundly affected century-old medical practice. Digitalization has many facets, ranging from telehealth to social media and even new instant communication devices, each of which affect both patients' and physicians' realities. Although the benefits of developments such as telehealth and novel applications of social media to medicine are more easily perceived by all stakeholders, they still have their own hurdles and risks, such as coldness and impersonal treatment in telehealth, and misinformation on social media. The widespread digitalization of health records has greatly facilitated patient access to health information, becoming a major patient empowerment tool; however, some forms of unrestricted access, such as to test results-in particular, prior to consultations-have unclear benefits to patients with cancer and have also become a hurdle for care teams. In addition, the advent of instant messaging, which is revolutionizing personal communication in many cultures, is gradually affecting patient-physician communication and, combined with unrestricted patient access to test results, is creating new challenges for physicians. How these transformations are affecting patients themselves and physicians' well-being and mental health are matters addressed in this text. Last, to address potential biases in an article written by two oncologists, and in line with this year's ASCO presidential theme of including a diversity of voices, we decided to give voice to patients with cancer by collecting the opinions of high-profile patient advocates about the controversial topics addressed in this text.

EVALUATION OF CAPTCHAs

CAPTCHAs are known as Captcha which stands for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computer and Human Apart. CAPTCHAs are used to prevent automated scripts from harvesting email addresses from publicly accessible forms on the internet and submitting them to spammers. CAPTCHAs are mostly utilised because computers have a difficult time deciphering the text concealed behind distorted visuals, but humans have an easier time deciphering the information hidden behind the distortions. As a result, the optimal response to a CAPTCHA assignment is considered to be a human return, and the individual is permitted entry to the website in question. The CAPTCHA is a useful tool for determining which clients are human and which are computer programmes.

АНАЛИЗ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫМИ МЕТАЛЛАМИ МЯГКИХ ТКАНЕЙ ДВУСТВОРЧАТЫХ МОЛЛЮСКОВ В ВОДОЕМАХ Г. ГОМЕЛЯ И ПРИЛЕГАЮЩИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

Currently, observations of the components of aquatic ecosystems - hydrobionts and bottom sediments with the ability to deposit pollutants - are of particular importance. Comprehensive studies of the behavior of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems are relevant and make it possible to provide an integral assessment of the state of the water body, determine the probability of secondary pollution, find out the migration paths of pollutants, and therefore their implementation is relevant. The article deals with the analysis of quantitative data on the content of heavy metals in the soft tissues of mollusks living in the reservoirs of Gomel and adjacent territories. An array of data was obtained for the period of research in 2010-2021, on the basis of which the choice of an ordinary pearl barley (Unio pictorum L.) as an object of monitoring studies of the ecological state of water bodies was justified. The change in the content of copper, lead and nickel in the tissues of the studied mollusk species during the period of research from 2010 to 2021 indicates a change in the physicochemical conditions in the studied reservoirs, as well as a change in the content of biologically accessible metal forms in water and bottom sediments of aquatic ecosystems. This fact confirms the presence of different routes of entry of heavy metals into the body of different species of bivalve mollusks, as well as the different availability of metal compounds in components of the same aquatic ecosystem for different species of mollusks. As a result of the analysis of the array of data obtained from 2010 to 2021, the authors determined the background concentrations of heavy metals in the tissues of common pearl barley living in the reservoirs of Gomel and adjacent territories: for lead - 0.17 mg/kg, zinc - 19.20 mg/kg, copper - 0.71 mg/kg, manganese - 1084.22 mg/kg, cobalt - 0.25 mg/kg, chromium - 0.71 mg/kg, nickel - 0.95 mg/kg. Patterns of change in the quantitative content of heavy metals in the soft tissues of molluscs are shown.

Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus onset using logistic regression-based scorecards.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for ~90% of all cases of diabetes, resulting in an estimated 6.7 million deaths in 2021, according to the International Diabetes Federation. Early detection of patients with high risk of developing T2D can reduce the incidence of the disease through a change in lifestyle, diet, or medication. Since populations of lower socio-demographic status are more susceptible to T2D and might have limited resources or access to sophisticated computational resources, there is a need for accurate yet accessible prediction models. In this study, we analyzed data from 44,709 nondiabetic UK Biobank participants aged 40-69, predicting the risk of T2D onset within a selected time frame (mean of 7.3 years with an SD of 2.3 years). We started with 798 features that we identified as potential predictors for T2D onset. We first analyzed the data using gradient boosting decision trees, survival analysis, and logistic regression methods. We devised one nonlaboratory model accessible to the general population and one more precise yet simple model that utilizes laboratory tests. We simplified both models to an accessible scorecard form, tested the models on normoglycemic and prediabetes subcohorts, and compared the results to the results of the general cohort. We established the nonlaboratory model using the following covariates: sex, age, weight, height, waist size, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index. For the laboratory model, we used age and sex together with four common blood tests: high-density lipoprotein (HDL), gamma-glutamyl transferase, glycated hemoglobin, and triglycerides. As an external validation dataset, we used the electronic medical record database of Clalit Health Services. The nonlaboratory scorecard model achieved an area under the receiver operating curve (auROC) of 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77-0.84) and an odds ratio (OR) between the upper and fifth prevalence deciles of 17.2 (95% CI 5-66). Using this model, we classified three risk groups, a group with 1% (0.8-1%), 5% (3-6%), and the third group with a 9% (7-12%) risk of developing T2D. We further analyzed the contribution of the laboratory-based model and devised a blood test model based on age, sex, and the four common blood tests noted above. In this scorecard model, we included age, sex, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), gamma glutamyl-transferase, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol. Using this model, we achieved an auROC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.85-0.90) and a deciles' OR of ×48 (95% CI 12-109). Using this model, we classified the cohort into four risk groups with the following risks: 0.5% (0.4-7%); 3% (2-4%); 10% (8-12%); and a high-risk group of 23% (10-37%) of developing T2D. When applying the blood tests model using the external validation cohort (Clalit), we achieved an auROC of 0.75 (95% CI 0.74-0.75). We analyzed several additional comprehensive models, which included genotyping data and other environmental factors. We found that these models did not provide cost-efficient benefits over the four blood test model. The commonly used German Diabetes Risk Score (GDRS) and Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) models, trained using our data, achieved an auROC of 0.73 (0.69-0.76) and 0.66 (0.62-0.70), respectively, inferior to the results achieved by the four blood test model and by the anthropometry models. The four blood test and anthropometric models outperformed the commonly used nonlaboratory models, the FINDRISC and the GDRS. We suggest that our models be used as tools for decision-makers to assess populations at elevated T2D risk and thus improve medical strategies. These models might also provide a personal catalyst for changing lifestyle, diet, or medication modifications to lower the risk of T2D onset. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.

COVID-Net CXR-2: An Enhanced Deep Convolutional Neural Network Design for Detection of COVID-19 Cases From Chest X-ray Images.

As the COVID-19 pandemic devastates globally, the use of chest X-ray (CXR) imaging as a complimentary screening strategy to RT-PCR testing continues to grow given its routine clinical use for respiratory complaint. As part of the COVID-Net open source initiative, we introduce COVID-Net CXR-2, an enhanced deep convolutional neural network design for COVID-19 detection from CXR images built using a greater quantity and diversity of patients than the original COVID-Net. We also introduce a new benchmark dataset composed of 19,203 CXR images from a multinational cohort of 16,656 patients from at least 51 countries, making it the largest, most diverse COVID-19 CXR dataset in open access form. The COVID-Net CXR-2 network achieves sensitivity and positive predictive value of 95.5 and 97.0%, respectively, and was audited in a transparent and responsible manner. Explainability-driven performance validation was used during auditing to gain deeper insights in its decision-making behavior and to ensure clinically relevant factors are leveraged for improving trust in its usage. Radiologist validation was also conducted, where select cases were reviewed and reported on by two board-certified radiologists with over 10 and 19 years of experience, respectively, and showed that the critical factors leveraged by COVID-Net CXR-2 are consistent with radiologist interpretations.

Catchment Area in Health Services: Studies in Kasembon and Pujon Subdistricts, Malang Regency

This study aims to analyze the application of health services in Kasembon and Pujon Districts in Malang Regency based on the catchment area perspective, as well as analyze the challenges of the practice of accessing health services. With the background of service improvement efforts that have been done a lot, but in fact, the accessibility is very difficult or even impossible to change. This study uses a qualitative method with a soft system methodology (SSM) approach. The data processing of the findings is carried out through a comparison of real facts with alternative normative models so that they have the opportunity to generate improvement ideas. The results of the study show that there are still challenges in the form of weak access to health insurance, facilities, and human resources, quality standards of health services, the role of monitoring stakeholders, to patterns of community participation. This then resulted in 3 main points of concern to produce corrective action, namely the evaluation of the health care system, health service practice standards, and the accuracy of the health service program targets. This study recommends a top-down mechanism priority by optimizing the improvement of the quality of health service standards in Kasembon and Pujon by policymakers and bottom-up through a participatory pattern by optimizing local public service agencies (BLUD) through community synergy with various institutions and government at lower levels. for managing access to health services.

Digital exclusion and its impact on journalism in Kashmir

With the introduction of personal computer systems and subsequent technologies that make flow of information fast and efficient, a new age emerged that is often termed as ‘digital age’ or ‘digital era’. During this age, the capabilities of individuals and societies to access and use multiple forms of convergent media content got enhanced manifold. It also led to a revolution in the industry of ‘news and views’. This convergent media is popularly known as the ‘New Media’. While this new (digital) media is taking new shapes across the globe, it is still struggling for survival in one part of the world called Kashmir. Due to frequent suspensions of internet service in the valley, the digital media of Kashmir faces multiple challenges that are mostly unknown to other parts of the world. During 2010, 2012 and 2016 uprisings in Kashmir and more recently in 2019–2020, when Indian government decided to scrap the autonomy and special status of the valley, this place was excluded digitally that had a huge setback not only to the growth of New Media, but on education, health and economy as well. This paper studies this digital exclusion and its impact on journalism and mass communication in Kashmir.

Effects of a Brief Stair-Climbing Intervention on Cognitive Functioning and Mood States in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Despite an abundance of evidence that exercise benefits cognition and mood, physical activity levels among older adults remain low, with time and inaccessibility posing major barriers. Interval stair climbing is an accessible time-efficient form of physical activity demonstrated to benefit cognition and mood in young adults, but effectiveness in older adults remains unknown. To address this, 28 older adults (Mage = 69.78 years, 16 females) undertook cognitive and mood assessments twice, 1 week apart, once preceded by interval stair climbing. A fairly large, albeit only marginally significant, effect size (ηp2=.12) indicated improved cognition following the moderate- to high-intensity intervention; however, rather than improving mood, older adults reported feeling more tired (g = 0.51). These outcomes provide initial indications that this mode of exercise that can easily translate to naturalistic settings offers promise as an intervention strategy, but more research is needed to optimize the protocol to suit aged populations (ACTRN1261900169014).

The Preference Analysis for Hikers’ Choice of Hiking Trail

Leisure time and its quality use is becoming increasingly important in society. We can spend it primarily on physical activity, which offer many options, as it provides an entertainment and has a complex effect on our physical and mental health. Walking as a basis for hiking is the most accessible form of physical activity. Hiking is known as a low-level adventure activity, making it popular, and therefore, it presents an important tourism product around the world. The aim of hiking is the improvement of spiritual wealth, physical capabilities, mental resilience, and the general health of a person. An essential activity of hiking is the exploration of natural beauties and monuments. The tourist chooses a certain attractive place based on the route by which he can arrive there. The aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of the motivations of mountain hikers and to discuss the issue in wider contexts. This study examines the individual components comprising the decision-making process when choosing a hiking trail, such as slope of a terrain, relief, hiking trail surface, difficulty level of hiking trail, natural monuments, environmental attractiveness, and hiker’s internal motivation. The study contributes to contemporary literature on soft adventure hiking. Definitively, the findings provide important data in the creation of attractive and sustainable tourism products tailored to and planning for sustainable development of the territory in terms of tourism.

Optimalisasi Mosque Share di Era Pandemi Covid-19

Since the Covid-19 pandemic hit the world in 2019, the stability of social life and the economy of the community began to be disrupted. One of the efforts that can be done to survive as well as normalize people's lives is to optimize the function and role of the mosque in providing important needs for the surrounding community. Based on observations in the field, there are several important things with the needs of the community in this era of the covid-19 pandemic, namely the need for clothing, food, shelter, and needs in the form of internet access for education. As a solution to these problems, community service activities in this pandemic era are optimizing mosques in the form of Baitul Mal formation activities and sharing free internet access for the community. With the establishment of the Baitul Mal, it is hoped that it can help the community's difficulties regarding the needs of cheap and affordable clothing, food, and housing using Community Burden Collaboration, namely collaborating on a burden that can be shared. While Mosque Shared is meant to provide free internet access for learning facilities. Mosque Shared is a mosque program that is believed to have a positive impact on the community because, in this digital era, internet services are a necessity for all parties. The two programs carried out showed a positive response from the community and even hoped that these programs should be developed because they could be a model for mosques in other areas.

Lifestyle, Entertainment and Retail Atmospherics of Customer’s Preference Towards A Shopping Mall

A shopping mall is defined as an aggregation of retail and other commercial establishments owned and managed as a single property. Today, shopping malls offer services to customers in the form of convenient access to a desirable mix of retailers within a managed environment to provide a satisfying and safe shopping and leisure experience. This study aims to understand the influence of lifestyle, entertainment, and retail atmospherics on customers’ preferences towards a shopping mall located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to collect information and a total of 250 usable questionnaires were further used for data analysis. The findings indicated that lifestyle and entertainment were significantly related to the customers’ preference towards the mall. Overall, this study provides an understanding of the customers’ preference for a mall and adds to the body of knowledge in understanding consumer behavior.