Accessible Form Research Articles

Relationship between the Use of Social Media and Knowledge on the Impact of Premarital Sexual Behavior during the Covid-19 Pandemic among Adolescents at SMA Negeri 10 Semarang

Social media usage has increased by 40% during the Covid-19 pandemic since many people use social media to communicate during the pandemic. This increase in use has an impact on adolescents in the form of negative access to social media which has triggered various negative behaviors among adolescents. This study aims to determine the use of social media in seeking information regarding the impact of knowledge on premarital sexual behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is expected that data regarding adolescents' knowledge on the use of social media can be a reference for content creators/writers on social media in a positive and more positive direction. Innovative to be easily accepted by teenagers. This was a quantitative analytic study with correlational design to determine the relationship between daily use of social media during the Covid-19 pandemic and knowledge on the impact of premarital sexual behavior among adolescents. The samples involved 88 students who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test. It was found that 50 respondents (56.8%) who used social media to find information on the impact of premarital sexual behavior had good knowledge and 7 respondents (7.95%) had poor knowledge. Meanwhile, 20 respondents (22.7%) who did not use social media to find information on the impact of premarital sexual behavior had poor knowledge and 11 respondents ​​(12.5%) had good knowledge. Analysis through Chi Square test obtained a p-value of 0.001 and correlation coefficient (r) 0.829 (>0.60). Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a significant relationship between the use of social media and knowledge on the impact of premarital sexual behavior among adolescents.

One-Step Acid Bleachable Pretreatment with a Recyclable Acid Hydrotrope and Chlorate for Biomass Valorization

Pretreatment is a necessary step to converting lignocellulosic biomass from its native form into a more accessible form for the value-added utilization of its main components. Herein, we developed a one-step acid bleachable pretreatment method using a recyclable acid hydrotrope (p-toluenesulfonic acid, p-TsOH) and chlorate to achieve the fibers bleaching and lignin extraction simultaneously. Under a pretreatment condition of a p-TsOH concentration of 80 wt.%, a pretreatment temperature of 80 °C, and a pretreatment time of 45 min, 84.33% of hemicelluloses and 76.79% of lignin were dissolved out from poplar wood. The obtained dispersed solids with a whiteness of 60.13% can be used for papermaking or ethanol production. The results from quasi-simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and combined fermentation (Q-SSF) of the pretreated substrate indicated that the ethanol concentration and yield reached to 39.30 ± 0.57 g/L and 82.36 ± 1.15%, respectively. According to the results of lignin characterization, the aromatic rings in extracted lignin were opened forming dicarboxylic acids as well as derivatives due to the oxidation effect of chlorate, which is beneficial for its catalytic upgrading and composites preparation. Therefore, this study is important to valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.

Social Differentiation and ‘Accumulation from Above’ in Zimbabwe’s Politicised Agrarian Landscape

The fast-track land reform programme in Zimbabwe radically transformed the country’s agrarian structure from one dominated by white-owned, large-scale farms to one dominated by a large group of black family farmers. Since 2017, a set of explanations has emerged that attempts to explain processes of social differentiation in the countryside. These explanations are predominantly informed by a materialist approach and conceptualise this process as accumulation from below, whereby the resettled farmers become internally differentiated through their own agricultural production resulting in different ‘class formations’. This materialist approach focuses on relations of production on the farm but does not pay close attention to the role of wider state practices and political processes involved in shaping accumulation dynamics in highly politicised agrarian landscapes. This paper argues that processes of social differentiation in Zimbabwe cannot be adequately studied in isolation from the political developments of the post-2000 period, when the state increasingly became reconfigured as a site of violence and patronage legitimated by patriotic history narratives. Based on new evidence on the 2007–08 state-led farm mechanisation scheme that was intended to distribute farm equipment to resettled farmers, I argue that the processes of differentiation largely took the form of preferential access to farming equipment both at the national and local levels. I term this ‘accumulation from above’ by patronage clients of the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union (Patriotic Front) (ZANU[PF]). These clients include grassroots and senior party members or those linked to it, cabinet ministers, judges, members of the security sector, civil servants, national election administrators and traditional leaders who in turn sustain ZANU(PF)’s political hegemony in an unstable political agrarian landscape.

Glycogen overload transforms the liver.

Glycogen is a fast and accessible form of energy. Glycogen accumulation occurs when it is synthesized excessively or is not broken down, and it plays an important role in many physiological processes. In addition, the accumulated glycogen may provide nourishment or serve as a mediator in nutrient-poor tumor environments thereby potentiating tumor growth. Liu et al. reveal that accumulated glycogen promotes liver tumor initiation by inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway. Furthermore, it spontaneously undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). The retention of Mst1/2 in glycogen droplets formed by LLPS subsequently blocks the Hippo pathway, activates YAP and promotes liver tumorigenesis. This study highlights the importance of glycogen accumulation in liver tumorigenesis and expands the drugs targeting accumulated glycogen, which may open a new avenue for the early detection and treatment of liver tumors.

Pengaruh tata elemen fisik terhadap pola aktivitas pengunjung pada Taman Lila Ulangun di sempadan Sungai Oongan Denpasar

The river border arrangement can be used as a place for public activities, which one is the Lila Ulangun Park on the Oongan River (tukad) border, Tonja Village, Denpasar. Previously, this area was an unorganized area that it had minimal activity. With the arrangement on this river border, indirectly invites people or visitors to do activities in here. Activities that occur in Lila Ulangun Park are related to physical element settings. This study aims to identify utilization activity patterns and the influence of the physical setting at Lila Ulangun Park. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques by means of literature studies, interviews and field observations. The results of this study indicate that the intensity of visitors in the classification of time units looks different where the most activity occurs in the afternoon. From the research results, it was also found that there was a relation between activity and the physical setting of the park as well as the influence of activity. Shade in the form of shady trees, gazebo, accessibility, open space, and lighting are the most influential physical elements in safety and comfort in activities with different time contexts. Researchers provide recommendations in the form of facilities such as gazebos, shade trees, and lighting at several points of the room.

Creation of a core competency framework for clinical informatics: From genesis to maintaining relevance

BackgroundThe United Kingdom's Faculty of Clinical Informatics (FCI) embarked on the creation of a core competency framework in response to the need to provide support to those working in clinical and health and social care that also hold informatics roles. MethodsThe work spanned several phases and utilised a mixed-methods approach consisting of interviews, surveys, job listing analysis, expert discussions and a systematic literature review. The work presented here explores the lessons learnt from the process of creating the framework and the next steps for ensuring its use and continued relevance. ResultsA core competency framework was generated with six domains, 36 sub-domains and 111 individual competency statements. A discussion and eight key recommendations are presented based on the development of this framework. ConclusionDefinition of the target audience is important to manage scope and define purpose. The use of robust reproducible methods helps to establish a strong evidence base. Competency frameworks should be living documents, ideally presented in an accessible digital form to enable easy use and embedding in other tools (e.g. for accreditation or to search competencies).

Growth and B-Phycoerythrin Production of Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Porphyridiales, Rhodophyta) under Different Carbon Supply.

Red microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Drew is a well-known object of biotechnology due to its unique ability to synthesize a wide range of biologically active compounds. Enough minerals in an accessible form in a medium are a prerequisite for maintaining a high growth rate of P. purpureum. Carbon is the main element of microalgal biomass and is a component of all organic compounds. The work aimed to study the morphological features of cells and the accumulation and production of B-phycoerythrin and total protein in P. purpureum biomass in different ways of supplying CO2 into the culture. In Variant 1, CO2 was directly injected into a gas-air mixture (2-3 percent v/v) used for culture bubbling via capillary. In Variant 2, the air was supplied to the culture through the aquarium sparger. Variant 3 was like the first one but without the additional introduction of carbon dioxide. The application of the method for sparging atmospheric air led to a significant increase in both the productivity of the P. purpureum and the rate of protein and B-phycoerythrin synthesis in comparison with growing it using the air without spraying (two-and-a-half times, five times, and more than eight times, respectively). Moreover, there were significant changes in the morphological structure of P. purpureum cells, which were visualized both by microscopy and by changes in the color of the culture. Based on the experimental data obtained, the variants for the carbon supply experiment were ranked as follows: Variant 1 is better than Variant 2 and Variant 3. The use of atomization as a technological method made it possible to speed up the transfer of carbon dioxide from the air to the medium, which helped to keep the growth rate of P. purpureum biomass and B-phycoerythrin accumulation high.

DrugTax: package for drug taxonomy identification and explainable feature extraction

DrugTax is an easy-to-use Python package for small molecule detailed characterization. It extends a previously explored chemical taxonomy making it ready-to-use in any Artificial Intelligence approach. DrugTax leverages small molecule representations as input in one of their most accessible and simple forms (SMILES) and allows the simultaneously extraction of taxonomy information and key features for big data algorithm deployment. In addition, it delivers a set of tools for bulk analysis and visualization that can also be used for chemical space representation and molecule similarity assessment. DrugTax is a valuable tool for chemoinformatic processing and can be easily integrated in drug discovery pipelines. DrugTax can be effortlessly installed via PyPI (https://pypi.org/project/DrugTax/) or GitHub (https://github.com/MoreiraLAB/DrugTax).Graphical

IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 10 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL UNTUK MENANGGULANGI KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN BEKASI

The issue of poverty is a problem that has existed for a long time. In the past, in general, people who experienced poverty were not only due to lack of food needs, but poverty took the form of accessibility or minimal material. Through various measures of modern life today, there are still those who do not get educational, health facilities and various things that make it easier for them to be provided. The occurrence of poverty is partly due to the increasing number of workers, but the opportunity to get a job is very limited and the level of income is low in various other activities, the dense population and the higher number of prospective new workers who are still not qualified to do the work, of course. can have an influence on the level of prosperity of the population. The objectives of this research are: 1. Analyzing the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2012 concerning the Implementation of Social Welfare to Relieve Poverty in Bekasi Regency 2. Analyzing the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals point 1 (one) through Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2012 concerning the Implementation of Social Welfare in the Regency Bekasi. This study uses a constructivism paradigm with a qualitative research methodology accompanied by a case study approach. The data collection techniques include: observation, in-depth interviews, literature study, and documentation. The results of this study are that the implementation of regional regulations in the implementation of social welfare to reduce poverty has not been implemented according to the rules because there are still many recipients of social assistance who are mistargeted and also the distribution of social assistance is not evenly distributed, socialization about the existence of assistance is still limited, this shows the district government's efforts in seeking social welfare and poverty alleviation has not been serious and systematic.

COVID-19-Infections and Immunization of Inmates in Penitentiary Institutions in Poland in 2021.

Susceptibility to infection and the risk of a severe course of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 among inmates are greater than in the general population. Therefore, it is extremely important to control infections in penitentiary institutions and to vaccinate as many inmates as possible. The objectives of the study are to present the number and percentage of inmates quarantined, infected with the SARS CoV-2 virus, and vaccinated against COVID-19 in 2021, and to describe the rules and organization of immunization. The information presented in the study was obtained from the Ministry of Justice in the form of access to public information. In 2021, 2065 cases of SARS CoV-2 infection were detected among inmates, and 5707 people were quarantined. The waves of infections among inmates in Poland ran parallel to those in the general population. Immunization of inmates began at the turn of February and March 2021. It took place in accordance with the provisions of the National COVID-19 Immunization Program. The program ensured equality of the inmates' population with the group to which individual inmates belong in the community. In 2021, nearly half of the inmates were covered by the full vaccination course. Inmates were vaccinated immediately after the vaccines were made available. There have been cases of refusals among inmates. There are no data that could determine the magnitude of the phenomenon and its exact causes.

Knowledge economy and gender inequality

The paper analyzes how gender inequality is created in the knowledge economy through forms of exclusion of women from certain areas of knowledge, and the simultaneous higher social valuation of men’s monopolized knowledge as against women’s knowledge in the commons. Gendered knowledge inequality has consequences for other forms of inequality, such as in status, ownership of property, distribution of labor and even consumption. Besides explicit exclusions, the definition and responsibility of women as bearers and nurturers of children and for domestic care work becomes a severe constraint in their ability to access and use forms of monopolized knowledge.

PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY ASSESSMENT USING SPATIAL AND NETWORK ANALYSIS: A CASE OF SOFIA CITY

Abstract. Walking is the most accessible form of mobility, delivering different benefits to the cities and their residents such as improved public health, community liveability, efficient land use and cost savings in terms of needed space to allow movement. Walkable neighbourhoods provide a high-quality urban environment with public spaces and a variety of activities and services. To increase walkability, a focus should be placed on the pedestrian network which integrates all transportation modes, making it a subject of network-based analyses related to pedestrian accessibility, connectivity, and walkability. This paper aims to assess pedestrian accessibility in Sofia, Bulgaria by applying network and spatial analysis. It analyses the macro scale of the integration and availability of the street network. It also investigates the access to selected urban facilities, which help to increase the quality of life, such as public transport stops and parks. The results prove that such analyses could support the assessment of the feasibility of infrastructure projects and their efficiency. The analyses show that Sofia has a very good distribution of public transport stops and the parks and smaller gardens are also relatively evenly spread across the urban area. Despite this, the results discover some areas where specific measures need to be taken to provide pedestrian access to these amenities, especially in neighbourhoods where investments are high, and the need for such access is increasing.

Причинно-следственный анализ проблем геометро-графической подготовки обучающихся технического вуза

This article discusses the prospects for applying cause-and-effect analysis - the Ishikawa diagram for visualizing the problems of geometric-graphic training of students of a technical university. The structure of the study using the diagram included the implementation of successive stages. At the first stage, an exhaustive list of problems affecting the level of geometric and graphic training at the university was compiled. At the second stage of the cause-and-effect analysis, problems (factors) were systematized according to semantic sections (logical blocks): employees and the student (person, human factor), material and technical base and educational environment (equipment and other means to ensure the educational process); educational technologies and organization of the educational process, means and technologies for assessing learning outcomes. The next stage included systematization and ranking of problems within logical partitions. This made it possible to identify in a simple and accessible form the most significant factors in the emergence of the problem under study at three levels. The implementation of the last three stages made it possible to complete the study with obtaining the final structure of the factors of the problem of a low level of geometric and graphic training of students. The result of the study was a graphical interpretation of the results of the cause-and-effect analysis. Thus, the possibility of using the diagram to identify the most significant cause-factors that affect the level of mastering the disciplines of the graphic cycle by students, as well as a means of visualizing the cause-and-effect analysis, is shown.

Risk Factors for Midline Catheter Failure: A Secondary Analysis of an Existing Trial.

ObjectiveWhile midline catheters (MCs) are considered to be a reliable form of vascular access, up to 25% of the placements culminate in failure. We aimed to explore risk factors for MC failure.MethodsWe performed an analysis of existing randomized controlled trial data involving a comparison of two midline catheters. The study aimed to assess risk factors related to MC failure, including patient, procedure, catheter, and vein characteristics. Cox regression was used for univariable and multivariable analyses to evaluate the association between characteristics and MC failure.ResultsAmong 191 patients that were included in this secondary analysis, more patients were female (114/191 [59.7%]) and average age was 60.2 (SD = 16.7) years. Clinical indications for MC placement included antibiotics (60.7%), difficult venous access (32.5%), or both (6.8%). In a univariable Cox regression analysis, the increase in pulse rate (HR 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00–1.04; P=0.02), temperature ≥38°C (HR 5.59; 95% CI, 1.96–15.94; P=0.001), oxygen saturation <93% (HR 2.91; 95% CI, 1.03–8.24; P=0.04), norepinephrine in dextrose infusion (HR 2.41; 95% CI, 1.17–4.97; P=0.02) and cephalic vein insertion (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.09–5.57; P=0.03) were all associated with higher risk of MC failure. In a multivariable Cox model, difficult venous access (aHR 2.05; 95% CI, 1.04–4.05; P=0.04) and norepinephrine in dextrose (aHR 2.29; 95% CI, 1.09–4.82; P=0.03) was associated with catheter failure.ConclusionElevated pulse rate, decreased oxygen saturation level, temperature ≥38°C, and norepinephrine use were each associated with an increased risk of MC failure. These factors should be considered when selecting the most appropriate vascular access device for individual patients. Additionally, the cephalic vein insertion has the highest risk for MC failure and other access points could be preferentially considered.

MEKANISME AKSES NELAYAN DALAM AKTIVITAS ILLEGAL FISHING DI DANAU TEMPE

This study describes the access mechanism of fishermen involved in illegal fishing activities in Lake Tempe. The purpose of this research is to explain the forms of fisherman's access and the biophysical factors that support fishermen's access in the practice of illegal fishing. This research used a qualitative approach. Informants were determined using the Snowball method. Data were collected by using technique of indept intervew, participant observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that: 1) rights-based access mechanisms are obtained through cooperation with fishing area owners; 2) structural and relational-based access mechanisms are obtained through relations with capital owners, law and government officials, and social identities; and 3) water level conditions of the lake make it easier for fishermen to access illegal fishing practices and make it difficult to supervise. For this reason, fishery resource management planning in Lake Tempe is needed by considering social and environmental conditions through collaboration between fishermen and the government.

Using CRF Tool for Analyzing the Resilience of Cities

The new sustainable development goals set by the UN include a goal of making cities inclusive, safe, sustainable, and resilient. Cities are growing at huge rates, and conditions of deteriorating QOL̛s are increasing in the form of poor access to services, and slums are remarkable, especially in the cities of the Middle East; hence, the research problem can arise from a lack of knowledge regarding the in determination of a way to assess the resilience of cities to develop mechanisms that will improve the quality of urban life. In this study, a tool called CRF has been applied for the assessment of the city's resilience principles of health and quality of life, economics and social, infrastructure and environmental systems, and the principles of governance and strategic leadership. The research aims to determine the efficiency of Kufa City in achieving the principles of resilience according to the CRF. The research is based on the descriptive analytical method. The research concluded that the city of Kufa achieves low levels of some indicators of resilience, especially on the imposition of security and the rule of law, transportation, and communications, and achieves reasonable rates of resilience regarding opportunities for creating a sustainable economy and achieving basic needs. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-10-013 Full Text: PDF

Implementation of signature-based intrusion detection system using SNORT to prevent threats in network servers

Security is an important factor in today's digital era. In a network, implementing a security system is the focus of a network developer. One of the most basic network securities is in the form of access. To manage the security of a system must be known in advance who is involved in the system and what activities are carried out. Just like a security alarm, which monitors work conditions, this is the function of the Intrusion Detection System (IDS). IDS has several effective methods for detecting threats, one of which is the Signature-based method. IDS can be implemented through the open-source SNORT application, and the method works with rules which are commands to IDS to recognize various attacks. IDS rules will be included in the signature matching process, which means matching between rules and incoming attacks and views of both protocols, then the IDS will generate alerts that contain notifications. This study conducted a reading of the MIT-DARPA 1999 dataset on 1,252,412 packages and tested alerting with Network Scanning and DoS attacks. Analyze Package Data runs at a speed of 83,494 packets /second and gets a true positive percentage reaching 100% and an accuracy of 98.10%.

Levels of formation of visual competence of future teachers

Introduction. Today, the main informational need of a person is to extract the meaning of the transmitted data in large amounts of information. A popular way to optimize the perception and transmission of information is its visualization. A modern teacher should be ready to convey to the students the necessary amount of knowledge in an accessible form, to increase and maintain interest in the subject being studied. Therefore, for the future teacher, it is relevant to have competencies in the field of perception and development of visual images that determine his visual competence. Understanding what level of formation visual competence corresponds to helps to evaluate the achieved result, to establish strategies for further learning. The purpose of the study is to determine and theoretically substantiate the levels of formation of the visual competence of a future teacher.Materials and Methods. A systematic approach was used as the methodological basis of the study. To achieve the goal of the study, various methods were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, formalization, pedagogical design.Results. Four levels of development of visual competence of future teachers are indicated: initial, basic, practice-oriented, professionally-oriented. To determine the student's compliance with a specific level of visual competence, a number of criteria were defined: possession of graphic knowledge and skills, search and analysis of information, selection and analysis of the capabilities of software tools and services, use of the capabilities of graphic editors to build visual images, use of the capabilities of visual tools in professional activities. Compliance indicators are indicated for each criterion.Discussion and Conclusions. The formation of visual competence is an extended process and is carried out in the study of the subject-methodological module, the passage of educational and pedagogical practices, and the performance of research activities. Compliance with the designated criteria at a certain level gives an idea of the preparedness of the future teacher for professional activities.

Analysis and Justification of the Choice of a Simplified Taxation System for Sustainable Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses

Sustainable business development involves, among other things, the choice of the optimal taxation system. The study provides specific practical recommendations for choosing a simplified taxation system. The authors compared two taxation systems in Ukraine in an accessible visual form: common and simplified, highlighted the advantages of the simplified one and developed practical recommendations for choosing a taxation system. In particular, the authors developed an Algorithm for justifying the transition to a simplified taxation system and also presented and described in detail the Sequence of actions during the transition to a simplified taxation system. A feature of the study is the lack of an expanded theoretical base in favour of methodological justification, namely the use of official documents: the Tax Code of Ukraine and other legislative acts relating directly or indirectly to the taxation of a private entrepreneur. Thus, the proposed recommendations can help the entrepreneur choose a simplified taxation system, which will significantly speed up the process of interaction with the client and reduce the subjective factor.

Effective 2-D cursor control system using hybrid SSVEP + P300 visual brain computer interface.

Acursorcontrolsystembasedonbrain-computer interface (BCI) provides efficient computer access. These systems operate without any muscular activity from the user. ConventionalBCI-basedcursorcontrolsystemshaveseverallimitations. Therefore, hybrid SSVEP + P300 visual BCI (VBCI)-basedcursorcontrolisneeded to overcome these limitations. This paper explores the feasibility of using noninvasive hybrid SSVEP + P300 VBCI for cursor control as a universal form of computer access. The proposed cursor control system has a graphical user interface (GUI) design that simultaneously evokes both SSVEP and P300 signals in the human cortex. The performance metrics of the proposed system are compared with conventional SSVEP VBCI and P300 VBCI-based cursor control systems. The proposed hybrid SSVEP + P300 BCI-based cursor control system achieves a maximum accuracy of 97.51% with a 27.15 bit/min information transfer rate (ITR). The results proved that the proposed system performed more efficiently than other systems. The proposed system was tested in a noisy environment and found to be suitable for real-world applications.