Abstract Objective Research Articles

부모의 심리적 통제가 아동의 열등감을 매개로 역기능적 분노표현에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine moderated mediation effects of self-compassion through inferiority between parental psychological control and child's dysfunctional anger expression. Methods To this end, 348 children in the 4th to 6th grades of five elementary schools located in Daegu and Gyeong sang buk-do were analyzed using the parental psychological control scale, dysfunctional anger expression scale, inferiority scale, and self-compassion scale. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between measurement variables using SPSS 23.0 and SPSS Macro PROCESS v3.0, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to verify the mediating effect, and regulatory regression analysis was conducted to verify the moderating effect. Results The results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that inferiority partially mediated the psychological control of parents and the dysfunctional anger expression of children. Second, it was found that self-compassion controls the relationship between the child's inferiority and dysfunctional anger expression. Third, it was found that there was a moderated mediation effect of self-compassion in the effect of parental psychological control on dysfunctional anger expression through the child's inferiority. Conclusions Through the results of this study, it was confirmed whether self-compassion can control the effect of psychological control of parents perceived by children on dysfunctional anger expression through an inferiority. Through this, it suggests that it is important to cultivate an individual's receptive and flexible attitude as well as a family parenting environment in order to lower children's dysfunctional anger expression. Therefore, information was provided to establish specific intervention strategies in counseling and education sites to improve the level of self-compassion.

중학생 그릿 요인구조와 발달적 변화에 대한 종단연구

Objectives This study investigated the items and factor structure of grit of middle school students and analyzed the longitudinal change of grit sub-variables. Methods The researcher analyzed 2,338 middle school students’ responses from the Daegu Longitudinal Study data for three years (2017-2019) and implemented factor analysis and model’s goodness of fit through convergent validity and discriminant validity. The potential growth model was also explored. Results At all three years, the second factor of grit was valid. All grit sub-variables were non-linear and V-shaped. The statistical difference was confirmed in the variance of change rate. The researcher found a difference in the degree of change at all three years in persistence of effort and consistency of interest. Conclusions Based on a sharp decline in grit for 8th graders, educators need to implement curriculum restructure based on cooperation in school education. Also, the effectiveness of the free year program should be reexamined.

유아 교육기관의 교사 관련 평가지표의 내용 비교 분석

Objectives This study examined teacher-related accreditation system in Korea's kindergarten and daycare center to see if the contents related to teachers are properly evaluated, and compared them to those of accreditation system conducted in other countries. Methods To this end, from five accreditation systems, Korea's 5th Period Kindergarten accreditation system, Daycare Center accreditation system, the NAEYC accreditation system in the United States, the ACECQA accreditation system in Australia, and the ERO accreditation system in New Zealand, teacher-related information was extracted, coded according to standard of analysis, and thereby the analysis of frequency was executed per item. Results The analysis results are as follows. First, the accreditation of kindergartens in Korea, NAEYC in the United States, and ERO in New Zealand included a larger number of items compared to the accreditation system of daycare centers in Korea and ACECQA in Australia. Second, regarding the assessment of “Teacher management”, the role of the teacher is the sub-scale with the largest number among items in the five accreditation systems, while the qualification of the teacher is the sub-scale with the smallest nunmber among items in the five accreditation systems. Third, regarding the assessment of “Teacher relationship”, the relationship with colleagues is the sub-scale with the largest number among items in the five accreditation systems, while the relationship with parents is the sub-scale with the smallest nunmber among items in the five accreditation systems. Conclusions Through these analysis results, it was suggested that both of the accreditation systems in Korea should be supplemented to the contents on the relationship with learners and education and training of teachers. Also, it was proposed that the contents of the accreditation systems for kindergartens and daycare centers should be complemented each other, and that the accreditation systems need to be modified and supplemented for parts requiring commonality.

국내 인공지능 교육 연구 동향 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine what the main agenda of social formation is and how it changes through the research by utilizing big data from the Artificial Intelligence Education in Korea, and to suggest the direction of future reporting. Methods To this end 314 artificial intelligence education articles from March 1, 2014 to December 31st, 2021 were collected and a topic modeling analysis, LDA a machine learning algorithm, was conducted. Results Topics are (1) Research on strengthen AI literacy competency based on school environments (design, model, course development), (2) Research on interactive chatbot design and language (Korean, English, Chinese) education, (3) Research on convergence talent education program using AI and big data, (4) Research on humans and AI’s collaboration and relation. Conclusions Based on the results, it proposed developing basic AI knowledge and curriculum by life stage, developing AI convergence education programs and faculty competency on AI literacy, developing AI-related technologies, and revitalizing case studies.

10대 및 20대 학습자의 성취목표 잠재프로파일 분류 및 예측변인 탐색

Objectives This study classified potential profiles according to the level of achievement goal orientation targeting Korean learners in their teens and 20s, and investigated explicit and implicit should-thought, gender, subject, fear of failure, academic difficulty (comprehension and amount), and positive and negative emotional reaction to to study, explicit and implicit emotional exhaustion about schoolwork, and academic procrastination to predict potential group classification. Methods The study participants were 629 teenagers and 864 students in their 20s who participated online. Latent profile analysis was conducted through the results of the achievement goal orientation scale, and multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the influence of predictor variables on the latent profile. Results As a result, teen learners were divided into 3 potential groups and learners in their 20s into 5 potential groups, and the three groups of High All Goals, High-intermediate All Goals, and Average All Goals were identified in both age groups. Low All Goals and Mastery Goals were identified in 20s only. It was confirmed that fear of failure, academic efficacy, and should-thinking, and positive emotions to studying were related to High All Goals, and academic efficacy, should-thought, and positive emotions to studying were found to be related to High-intermediate All Goals. In addition, factors that act differentially according to the age of the potential group were also found. Conclusions These results suggest the need to consider the learner's developmental level in understanding the latent group profile and predictive factors, and help the learner's academic adjustment by exploring the relevance of the profile by dealing with relevant variables that affect academic adjustment. It is meaningful in that it provided implications for the intervention necessary for this purpose.

온라인 수업에서 하브루타 학습법이 간호대학생의 자기주도적 학습능력, 학업적 자기효능감, 학습몰입 및 비판적사고 성향에 미치는 효과

Objectives This study applied the Habruta learning method in an online class to enhance the understanding of basic major subjects, which are essential for effective nursing practice. It was carried out to confirm the effect. Methods The subjects of this study were 57 second-year nursing students enrolled in a university, and the Habruta learning method was applied for 10 weeks. This is a single-group pre- and post-primitive experimental study that investigated the self-directed learning ability, academic self-efficacy, learning immersion, and critical thinking tendency of subjects before and after the application of the Habruta learning method. IBM SPSS WIN 26.0 program was used for data analysis, and the general characteristics of subjects were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and the effects of dependent variables were analyzed by paired t-test. Results As a result of the study, Self-directed learning ability (t=3.73, p<.001) increased after the application of the Habruta learning method, and the learning plan of the sub-domain (t=2.10, p=.040), learning evaluation (t=29.72, p<.001) was significantly increased. Academic self-efficacy (t=2.39, p=.020) was sub-domain self-regulation efficacy (t=2.47, p<.017), confidence (t=2.28, p<.026). was significantly increased. In the case of learning immersion (t=3.30, p=.002), the immersion condition (t=2.70, p=.009) and immersion experience (t=3.27, p=.002) of the sub-domains were statistically significantly increased, critical As for the thinking propensity (t=2.13, p=.038), the lower-order memory systemicity (t=2.48, p=.016) was statistically significantly increased. Conclusions By applying the Habruta learning method to the nursing major basic subject in the online class, the self-directed learning ability, academic self-efficacy, learning immersion, and critical thinking tendency of nursing students were improved. In the future, it is necessary to apply the Havruta learning method to various online nursing online classes to confirm the effect.

학생설계전공 제도 운영 현황 분석 및 학생 지원방안 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate a support plan to reinforce the students' major design capabilities for substantiality of student designed major. Methods This study was to suggest a support plan by analyzing major approval process and support system of 11 universities located in Seoul, and execute a perception survey targeted to the students in the university ‘A’. Results First, the approval process for the student designed major was operated in form of deliberation by committee at the department level and committee at the university headquarter level. At that point, the students were given a high-stakes task to describe designed major name, curriculum design table and subject planning, and plan for completion, etc. in detail. Second, in order to use the student design major system, students must have ‘understanding systems and procedures’, ‘cultivation of basic knowledge for curriculum design’, and ‘curriculum design competency’. Each can be proposed for the purpose of a student design major support plan, and differentiated support must be provided according to the university-affiliated. Third, as a result of conducting the perception survey for support plan to reinforce the students' major design capabilities as an object of 281 students in the university ‘A’, they answered that it was necessary to reinforce the major design capabilities to provide actual data supply and supply of learning opportunity in order of data distribution of major design exemplification, sharing meeting of major design exemplification, and distribution of guidebook. There was a difference in the degree of recognition of the need for support measures by university-affiliated. Conclusions To conclude, based on these research findings above, this study was to suggest a practical plan to support the students who wanted to complete their student designed majors in the future, and concept and procedural knowledge that must be guided.

외국인 유학생의 상담 관련 연구 동향 분석 및 대학생활 적응 관련 변인 간의 상관관계 메타분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the research trends related to counseling for foreign students and to explore the effect size by performing a meta-analysis of correlations between college life adaptation and related variables. Methods In November 2021, a total of 53 studies were selected for counseling-related research on foreign students published in the registered journals and candidate journals of the National Research Foundation of Korea. Based on previous research, analysis criteria were established and analysis was conducted on year, nationality, research method, research topic, etc. Among them, meta analysis of cognition cognition, emotion, and relationship-related variables for 10 studies on college life adaptation of foreign students was conducted. Results First, the research on counseling for foreign students started in 2008, and the research on Chinese students was the most frequent with 35 (66.0%). Second, as for the research method, quantitative research was the largest with 36 (67.9%). Third, the most research topics were personality and adaptation with 31 (58.4%). Fourth, as a result of meta-analysis, a small effect size appeared in the emotional and relational variable group, but no effect size was found in the cognitive variable group. Conclusions Based on these results, directions for research related to counseling for international students, intervention methods in the counseling scene for international students, and implications for follow-up studies were presented.

초등학생 개인 변인에 따른 국어과 의사소통 역량의 차이 및 연관성 분석

Objectives The objectives of the study are to carry out an analysis of differences and associations for ‘Korean language education communicative competency’ depending on the personal variables of elementary school students. In this way, the study aims at providing students participating in the study a meaningful chance to self-examine their language in daily life and thus draw out meaningful educational implications for revitalizing the research of ‘Korean language education communicative competency’. Methods The study diagnoses ‘Korean language education communicative competency’ and ‘various personal variables(self-efficacy, self-esteem, public speaking anxiety, motivation to learn the Korean language subject, academic engagement for Korean language education, listening, empathizing, communication etiquette, peer relationships)’ with a focus on 5th and 6th grade elementary school students in the Gyeongnam region. Analysis methods involve ANOVA(one-way and two-way ANOVA) and cross-tabulation analysis with the purpose of analyzing the differences and associations for ‘Korean language education communicative competency’ depending on the personal variables of elementary school students. The analysis tools were Excel and SPSS(ver 23.0). Results Upon analyzing differences in ‘Korean language education communicative competency’ by each personal variable of the elementary school students, the study revealed statistically significant differences in ‘Korean language education communicative competency’ between groups(advanced, intermediate, beginner) in terms of overall personal variables(self-efficacy, self-esteem, public speaking anxiety, motivation to learn the Korean language subject, academic engagement for Korean language education, listening, empathizing, communication etiquette, peer relationships). Furthermore, the study confirmed a statistically significant association between over-all personal variables(self-efficacy, self-esteem, public speaking anxiety, motivation to learn the Korean language subject, academic engagement for Korean language education, listening, empathizing, communication etiquette, peer relationships) and ‘Korean language education communicative competency’. Conclusions The study analyzed differences and associations regarding ‘Korean language education communicative competency’ depending on the personal variables of elementary school students and, on this basis, drew out educational implications. Having provided students with a meaningful chance to self-examine their language in daily life, having accumulated information related to subject competencies, and having offered a model for subject competency assessment, the present study is capable of making contributions in terms of revitalizing education and research for ‘Korean language education communicative competency’.

학교-직장 이행기 청년의 부정적 자기개념, 진로자기효능감, 직업가치관의 종단적 관계

Objectives This study conducted analysis to examine longitudinal relationships among the negative self-concepts, career self-efficacy, and occupational values of young people experiencing school-to-work transition periods that affect job decisions and choices. Methods For this, an autoregressive cross-lagged model was utilized on data from the 8th (2014) to 12th (2018) Youth Panels of the Korea Employment Information Service, which provides representative statistics on the youth labor market and school life. Results The main results were as follows. First, negative self-concepts, career self-efficacy, and occupational values during the college period stably predicted those in the future during the working period and previous early working periods stably predicted working periods after two years. The autoregressive parameters of negative self-concepts and career self-efficacy appeared lower than those of occupational values, showing that the variability of negative self-concepts or career self-efficacy can be more dynamic than that of occupational values. Second, higher occupational values of previous points in time led to higher career self-efficacy and less negative self-concepts at later points in time, verifying that occupational values are an extremely important factor in the lives of young people experiencing school-to-work transition periods. Conclusions Based on these research results, verifications were made that education on occupational values must be conducted at sites of career education and further, this provided implications regarding the importance of career education program management, the roles of universities, and counseling intervention.

수능 영어 절대평가 세대 대학생들의 영어 능력 인식, 향상 추구 영역, 교양영어 만족도 및 향후 개편 방안 연구

Objectives This study examined the students’ perceptions about English competence, domains to improve, satisfaction with college English program and an reorganization for the future. Methods The research questions were designed to report participants’ perceptions about four categories as follows: (1) how to perceive about their own English competence (2) what English doamin(s) they want to improve, (3) whether they are satisfied with current college English program, and (4) what type of English program would work best for achieving their ideal English performance. A total of 60 research participants who registered two subjects of liberal arts classes in a university located in Seoul completed a perception analysis questionnaire at the fifteenth week of their courses. The normality test verified the homogeneity of variance of these groups. Results The analysis results demonstrated that these participants perceived their English abilities negatively in the domain of speaking, writing, listening, reading and grammar respectivly. They also wanted to improve their abilities of speaking and writing meanwhile they were not satisfied with the current English program provided by their general English education program. As a result, while they wanted to improve their abilites of speaking and writing, they also showed some interests in improving their English ability affiliated with major area. These ideals were revealed through their wishes to be educated from a writing and speaking - centered prospective college English program. Conclusions The findings imply that new-age learners who were admitted from a new college entrance admission process need to be provided with more satisfactory general English education curriculum with students. By doing this, the university administration may successfully meet the needs of college students while assisting students’ needs of improving major-affiliated English abilities and developing teaching and learning program required for the colloege level higher-education. The further studies regarding how to reflect learners' needs as well as to improve their English competence of speaking and writing affiliated with major are sincerely recommended.

유아의 일상적 스트레스와 심리적 안녕감 및 회복탄력성 간의 관계 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between children’s daily stress, psychological well-being and resilience and to examine the mediating effect of resilience. Methods The subjects of this study were 226 children aged 5 years from G city, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program. First, the correlation between children’s daily stress, psychological well-being and resilience was examined. Next, the mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between children’s daily stress, psychological well-being was analyzed. Results As a result of the study, first, as a result of examining the correlation between children’s daily stress, psychological well-being and resilience, it was found that there was a significant correlation between variables. In other words, there was a correlation between children’s daily stress and psychological well-being, children’s daily stress and resilience, and there was a correlation between psychological well-being and resilience. Second, as a result of examining the mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between children’s daily stress and psychological well-being, it was found that resilience partially mediates the relationship between children’s daily stress and psychological well-being. This can be explained by the direct or indirect effect of children's resilience on the relationship between daily stress and psychological well-being. Conclusions In conclusion, it suggests that more practical studies on the reduction of daily stress and improvement of resilience are continuously needed to promote psychological well-being and resilience of children.

초등학교 프로젝트 수업의 교사-학생 상호작용 특성 분석

Objectives This study focused on the interaction between teachers and students among the various characteristics of project based learning, and attempted to reveal the characteristics by observing project-based elementary school classes. Methods To this end, The AF analysis was used to analyze the language interaction between teachers and students, and the CLASS analysis was used to analyze the ‘emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support’ interaction between teachers and students. In addition, Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to confirm the correlation between the Flanders area analysis, the Flanders Top 10 Index, and the CLASS analysis. In addition, Classes were classified by type to confirm the results of the interaction analysis of ‘emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support’ according to the type of language interaction, and the results were compared. Results First, In the project based learning, the ratio of items 0 (others) was the highest, followed by items 5 (lecture), items 9 (student-led remarks), and items 4 (teacher's questions). Second, In the project based learning, the index in which teachers accept students' opinions or emotions and the index in which students take the initiative in asking and speaking were high. In addition, the index of teachers asking questions using students' remarks was also high. On the other hand, In the project based learning, the index in which teachers criticize students or justify teachers' authority was low. Third, In the project based learning, the flow of ‘teacher's lecture-nonverbal situation-teacher's lecture’ was high. Fourth, In the project based learning, the ‘emotional support’ area was the highest, followed by the ‘classroom organization’ and ‘instructional support’ area. However, the average for all three areas showed a moderate or higher level, and the deviation was not large, showing a similar tendency. Conclusions First, Project based learning is a class that utilize directive remarks from teachers to induce student-led inquiry activities. Second, Project based learning is a class that emphasizes the attitude of warm-hearted acceptance of students' opinions or emotions without advocating the authority of teachers. Third, Project based learning is a class with a high percentage of students leading throughout the class. Fourth, Project based learning is a class that mainly utilize teachers' questions as feedback on students' remarks. Fifth, Project based learning is a class in which non-verbal situations such as student-led inquiry activities or waiting time for student to think account for a high percentage. Sixth, The flow of project based learning is at a very high rate of ‘teacher's lectures-nonverbal situations-teacher's lectures’. Seventh, Project based learning is a class in which interactions through ‘emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support’ appear positively.

Microbiological analysis of sterile and nonsterile gloves before and during root canal treatment procedures

Objective: To evaluate the microbiological contamination of sterile (SG) and non-sterile (NSG) gloves before and during different stages of endodontic treatment. Methodology: Five brands (n = 10 per brand) of NSG (Supermax, UniGloves, Lemgruber, Nugard and Embramac) and four brands (n = 10 per brand) of SG (Sensitex, Sanro, Mucambo, Madeitex) were analyzed. Microbiological collections were performed at 3 different time-points: immediately after opening the packages (S1); after performing rubber dam placement (S2); and at the end of root canal treatment (S3). In the NSG group, to assess possible contamination by exposure to the clinical environment, samples were also collected within 24 hours (S4) and 7 days (S5) after opening the packages. After smearing the gloves with sterile swabs, the samples were immediately placed in test tubes containing specific BHI culture medium. These samples were incubated for 24 and 48h and the turbidity of the medium was evaluated. For turbid samples, bacterial identification was performed through culture and biochemical tests. Results: At S1, only the NSG UniGloves and Nugard brands showed contamination, while no contamination was observed in the SG. After S2 and S3 all brands showed contamination. In the NSG assessments, 24h after opening the packaging (S4) only the UniGloves brand showed no contamination, but this was not observed after 7 days (S5). The most observed species were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus ssp, Staphylococcus intermedius, Neisseria ssp, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Conclusion: The NSG can be contaminated after opening the packaging and their exposure to the dental office environment can make it contaminated. SG are sterile but can also become contaminated during procedures. In the trans-operative period of root canal treatment, both NSG and SG can be contaminated by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Effect of Cryotherapy plus Flurbiprofen Axetil for Pain Management in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy.

Objective To investigate the effect of cryotherapy using ice pops for physical analgesia and preventive analgesia using flurbiprofen axetil for pain management in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Methods A total of 120 children scheduled for tonsillectomy were recruited after assessment for eligibility and assigned to a control group (group C), flurbiprofen axetil group (group F), cryotherapy group (group I), and cryotherapy plus flurbiprofen axetil group (Group FI) via the random number table method. Groups F and FI were given 1 mg/kg of flurbiprofen axetil through intravenous injection 30 min before surgery, while group C received an equal amount of saline at the same time point. Groups I and FI received sweet ice pops for pain relief after recovery from anesthesia. The modified Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (mCHEOPS) scores and pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scores at 5 minutes (T1), 30 minutes (T2), 60 minutes (T3), 4 hours (T4), and 24 hours (T5) postoperatively, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the children were recorded by investigators who were masked to the grouping results. Results From T1 to T4, significantly lower mCHEOPS scores and PAED scores were observed in group F, group I, and group FI versus those in group C (P < 0.05). At T2, group FI showed significantly lower mCHEOPS scores and PAED scores versus groups F and I (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the mCHEOPS scores and PAED scores between the four groups at 24 h postoperatively (P > 0.05). The differences in the documented postoperative complications between the four groups did not come up to the statistical standard (P > 0.05). Conclusion Cryotherapy plus flurbiprofen axetil for pain management significantly mitigates post-tonsillectomy pain and delirium in children and facilitates recovery, with no significant adverse events.

The Relationship Between Incidence of Depression After Myocardial Infarction (MI)

Objective: Depression is predicted to be the leading cause of mortality and morbidities in the next few years. Its association with cardiovascular diseases is well-established from various researches. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of depression of co-morbid psychiatric disorders among patients with a recent history of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with a history of myocardial infarction marked by electrocardiographic (ECG) and enzymatic findings referred to our psychiatric center were included. The MMPI questionnaire was used to evaluate the prevalence of depression along with other psychiatric disorders. SPSS v18 was used to evaluate the data recorded and analyzed from these questionnaires. Results: Of 50 patients studied, the prevalence of depression is the greatest (63%) in patients with anterior septal MI. Furthermore, 26% of women and 24% of men with depression and hysteria were the common comorbidity reported. To it, 15 patients aged 60-69 years had post-MI depression. Conclusion: Our study reports an increased incidence of post-MI depression in the general targeted population. Further investigation and therapeutic measures can decrease future repercussions and the incidence of other cardiovascular events, including recurrent MI.

Atorvastatin Rapidly Reduces Hepatitis B Viral Load in Combination with Tenofovir: A Prospective Clinical Trial.

Method In this single-blind clinical trial, 40 patients with active chronic hepatitis B were randomly allocated to treatment or control groups. The treatment group received the standard treatment for chronic HBV (300 mg tenofovir twice a day) along with 40 mg/day atorvastatin for 12 months, while the control group received a placebo once daily in addition to the standard tenofovir regimen. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and HBV DNA copy numbers were measured at the beginning of the treatment and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months later. Results One month after starting the treatment, the HBV copy number in the atorvastatin + tenofovir-treated group was significantly lower, by 200×, compared with the control group. After three months of the treatment, there was no detectable HBV DNA in 50% of the atorvastatin + tenofovir-treated group compared with 30% in the control group. The half-life of plasma viral load was 2.03 and 3.32 months in the atorvastatin + tenofovir-treated and control groups, respectively. No adverse events due to taking atorvastatin were observed. Conclusions The combination of atorvastatin with tenofovir increased antiviral activity and led to a faster recovery from viral infection. Therefore, this modality can be recommended as a safe combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B patients.

Predictors of early adverse events after ascending aortic replacement

Objective. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of adverse events after ascending aortic replacement for the aortic aneurysms in the early postoperative period.Material and Methods. The analysis included 151 patients with ascending aortic aneurysm who underwent non-hemiarch or hemiarch repair. The following adverse outcomes were selected: postoperative delirium, respiratory failure, bleeding, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and in-hospital mortality. Predictors of adverse clinical events were identified by constructing uni- and multivariate logistic regression.Results. Significant predictors of early outcomes and mortality after ascending aortic replacement were as follows: female gender, atrial fibrillation, low glomerular filtration rate, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aortic root repair, multiple organ dysfunction, duration of cardiac arrest, operation time, and reoperation for bleeding.Conclusions. The risk factors of adverse outcomes after ascending aortic replacement were decreased kidney function, atrial fibrillation, female gender, aortic root repair, and increased duration of cardiac arrest and operation time.

MRI study of cerebroprotective effects of renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective. To assess the changes in subclinical MRI signs of brain damage in relationship with the changes in blood pressure, proinflammatory cytokines, and endothelial function one year after renal denervation (RDN) in patients with resistant hypertension (RHTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Material and Methods. The prospective interventional study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT02667912 and NCT01499810) analyzed qualitative brain MRI imaging data from 39 patients with RHTN and T2DM. All patients underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), brain MRI scan (1.5 T), blood tests for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) measurements by high-resolution ultrasound. Patients were taking an average of 4.5 (3–6) antihypertensive drugs and were instructed not to change the therapy regimen throughout the study. A total of 29 patients completed the one-year follow-up.Results. A significant decrease in average daily systolic/diastolic blood pressure by 12 [95% CI 4.1; 19.8]/5.9 [95% CI 0.4; 11.3] mmHg (p = 0.004/0.038) according to 24-h ABPM, increase in FMD (p = 0.008), and a decrease in hsCRP level (p = 0.04) were observed one year after RHTN. Over half of patients (57%) had a decrease in 24-h systolic blood pressure by ≥ 10 mm Hg; target level of blood pressure was achieved in 38% patients. No changes in the MRI signs of brain damage (linear dimensions of liquor systems, white matter lesions [WMLs], brain damage MRI score, and intensity of MRI signal from the basal nuclei and WMLs) were observed except for a decrease in the severity of liquorodynamic disturbances. Reduction or stabilization of WML degree was observed in 24 patients (86%). No relationships were found between the dynamics of WMLs and the changes in blood pressure, FMD, and hsCRP.Conclusion. Administration of RDN to patients with RHTN and T2DM allowed to limit the WMLs in most cases and reduce the severity of liquorodynamic disorders during one-year of follow up.

Clinical and laboratory features of the course of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Uzbekistan

Objective: In this research, the clinical and laboratory characteristics of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Uzbekistan were studied. The study is considered useful for prevention and case detection, especially in condition of limited sources.Materials and Methods: This study was aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 81 confirmed cases of CCHF among patients who were admitted to infectious diseases hospitals in Uzbekistan from June 2011 to June 2018. The results of this study are based on a retrospective analysis of all confirmed patients.Results: 81 patients with CCHF confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods were examined. The research participants were mainly rural residents – 73 people (90%), 7 people from cities (8.5%), 1 person (1.5%) – a resident of the capital – Tashkent. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 66 years, with an average of 35.9 ± 12.4 years. 39.5% (32 people) of the participants were women, the remaining 60.5% (49 people) were men. Mortality was 23% (19 patients) with an insignificant difference between men and women (p = 0.8). Most cases were reported from June to September.Conclusion: The occurrence of CCHF among rural residents once again confirms the geographical features and focal nature of the infection. The high contagiousness of the disease is demonstrated by the infection of medical workers, due to the close contact of staff with patients.We did not note the significant relationship between mortality and the period from the onset of the disease to hospitalization. However, there was a strong correlation of mortality with the days of hospital stay, with the blood clotting time and with the level of consciousness of patients.