Ab Values Research Articles

Assessment of humoral and cellular immunity induced by the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthcare workers, elderly people, and immunosuppressed patients with autoimmune disease.

The development of vaccines to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection has mainly relied on the induction of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, but there is growing evidence that T cell immune response can contribute to protection as well. In this study, an anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody assay and an INFγ-release assay (IGRA) were used to detect humoral and cellular responses to the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine in three separate cohorts of COVID-19-naïve patients: 108 healthcare workers (HCWs), 15 elderly people, and 5 autoimmune patients treated with immunosuppressive agents. After the second dose of vaccine, the mean values of anti-RBD antibodies (Abs) and INFγ were 123.33 U/mL (range 27.55–464) and 1513 mIU/mL (range 145–2500) in HCWs and 210.7 U/mL (range 3–500) and 1167 mIU/mL (range 83–2500) in elderly people. No correlations between age and immune status were observed. On the contrary, a weak but significant positive correlation was found between INFγ and anti-RBD Abs values (rho = 0.354, p = 0.003). As to the autoimmune cohort, anti-RBD Abs were not detected in the two patients with absent peripheral CD19+B cells, despite high INFγ levels being observed in all 5 patients after vaccination. Even though the clinical relevance of T cell response has not yet been established as a correlate of vaccine-induced protection, IGRA testing has showed optimal sensitivity and specificity to define vaccine responders, even in patients lacking a cognate antibody response to the vaccine.

Adsorption mechanism of typical monohydroxyphenanthrene on polyvinyl chloride microplastics

为丰富微塑料与有机污染物间的相互作用机制相关数据,以3-羟基菲(3-OHP, C14H10O)为菲单羟基衍生物代表污染物,聚氯乙烯(PVC)微塑料为研究对象,研究了PVC微塑料在水环境中对3-OHP的吸附行为,并就相关吸附机制进行了深入探讨。该研究借助扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)等仪器对PVC微塑料进行表征,利用紫外分光光度计得出目标污染物的紫外吸收光谱标准曲线,标准曲线拟合相关系数(R2)>0.99。为保证紫外吸收光谱的准确性,污染物浓度梯度设置为吸光度(Abs)大于0.438,之后根据标准曲线方程计算其浓度,结合相关吸附模型(吸附动力学、吸附等温线和吸附热力学)并配合密度泛函理论(density functional theory, DFT)探讨了在水环境中PVC微塑料对3-OHP的吸附机制。结果如下:(1)吸附动力学实验结果显示伪二级动力学模型拟合程度最好,吸附动力学拟合系数R2=0.998。因此,PVC吸附3-OHP可能是以表面吸附和外液膜扩散的吸附方式,吸附发生24 h后的平衡吸附量为36.866 μg/g; (2)吸附等温线实验表明Langmuir和Freundlich等温线模型拟合度较高,吸附等温线拟合系数R 2分别为0.956和0.907,更加适合描述PVC对3-OHP的吸附过程,吸附模式主要为单层吸附,也存在小部分多层吸附,PVC对3-OHP的最大吸附量为408 μg/g; (3)吸附热力学结果显示PVC微塑料对3-OHP的吸附效率随着温度升高而降低,这表明PVC对3-OHP的吸附为自发、放热的吸附反应;(4)盐度实验结果表明,盐度对3-OHP在PVC上的吸附效率影响不大;(5)DFT理论计算结果表明PVC对3-OHP结合能相对较低,因此推测PVC对3-OHP的主要吸附机制可能是疏水作用,还可能存在弱氢键作用、卤素键作用以及π-π共轭作用。研究揭示了PVC微塑料与有机物相互作用方式,明确了PVC微塑料对3-OHP的吸附模式,探讨了PVC微塑料对3-OHP的相互作用机制,有助于更好地了解PVC微塑料在水溶液中的环境行为。该研究为科学评价微塑料的环境影响提供数据参考,并进一步补充了微塑料的毒理学机制数据。

In-office tooth bleaching with chitosan-enriched hydrogen peroxide gels: in vitro results.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding chitosan to 35% hydrogen peroxide gels (for in-office bleaching), with or without calcium gluconate, on tooth properties and bleaching efficacy. Bovine enamel/dentin specimens (4 × 4 × 2.5mm) were randomly allocated into groups (n = 10): negative control (unbleached), bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (35% HP, commercial gel); 35% HP with 2% chitosan (% wt) (35% HP + chitosan), 35% HP and calcium (35% HP + Ca, commercial gel), and 35% HP + Ca + 2% chitosan. Variation of surface profile (ΔRa) and color analyses(ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, ΔE*ab, ΔE00, and ΔWID) were performed comparing specimens at baseline (initial) and 24h after of storage in artificial saliva (final). Surface microhardness (KHN) values and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were obtained on conclusion. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests (KHN), generalized linear models (ΔL*, ΔEab, ΔE00, ΔWID, ΔRa), and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (Δa*, Δb*) (α = 0.05). Considering ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, ΔE*ab, ΔE00, and ΔWID values, the bleached groups differed from negative control. For ΔRa, chitosan-based groups showed lower variation in surface roughness compared to 35% HP, without significant difference from negative control. For KHN, chitosan groups did not differ from negative control (unbleached control = chitosan groups > 35% HP + Ca > 35% HP). For SEM, slight surface changes were observed in all bleached groups, but the intensity varied according to gel used (35% HP > gels with Ca > gels with chitosan). Chitosan-enriched hydrogen peroxide gels can reduce negative impacts on tooth properties without affecting bleaching efficacy. Although commercial gels containing remineralizing agents such as calcium reduce the negative effects on the properties of teeth, the addition of chitosan appears to be a promising approach to preservation of dental properties without interfering in bleaching efficacy.

Correlation of anti-γ/ε nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antibody levels with anti-desmoglein 1,3 antibody levels and disease severity in pemphigus vulgaris.

A role for nondesmoglein antigens in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) has been suggested in several studies. Acetylcholine receptors (AchR), are one of the most important groups of these antigens. However, the exact role of both antimuscarinic (m) and nicotinic (n) AchR antibodies (Abs) is still controversial. To evaluate anti-desmoglein (Dsg)1, Dsg 3 and anti-γ/ε nAchR Abs values in patients with PV before and 3months after rituximab (RTX) treatment, and to assess their correlation with disease severity. In total, 75 patients with PV (26 men, 49 women) who were planned to receive RTX were enrolled. Disease activity was assessed by using the Pemphigus Disease Area Index (PDAI). Using ELISA, anti-Dsg1,3 and anti-γ/ε nAchR Abs were determined at baseline and 3months after RTX treatment. At baseline, 53.33% patients had positive values for anti-Dsg1, 89.33% for anti-Dsg3 and 13.33% for anti-γ/ε nAchR Abs. All patients with positive anti-γ/ε nAchR Abs had the mucocutaneous phenotype. PDAI, anti-Dsg1,3 and anti-γ/ε nAchR values were dramatically decreased 3months after RTX infusion (P<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between disease activity and anti-γ/ε nAchR values at baseline (P=0.04), whereas no significant correlation was observed between anti-Dsg1,3 and anti-γ/ε nAchR values at baseline and 3months after RTX infusion. The reduction in anti-γ/ε nAchR Abs with clinical improvement in this study may suggest a synergic role for anti-γ/ε nAchR Abs with anti-Dsg1,3 Abs, or it could be an epiphenomenon.

Colorimetry analysis of coat color and its relationship with fiber traits in alpacas

Addressing the improvement of the textile characteristics is currently required in natural color production of alpaca fiber. This study analyses the possibility of implementing a genetic improvement program aiming to reduce the fiber diameter and the percentage of medullation in natural colors under the incomplete definition of the natural colors of alpaca fiber. The study considers color determination analysis in three separate steps. The first step aimed at finding the values of lightness (L*), red/green axis (a*), yellow/blue axis (b*) of three-dimensional space of color and chroma (C*ab), tone (h*ab) and color difference (ΔE) with mathematical models for the description of the coat color. The second analysis is aimed at estimating genetic parameters of color traits and their correlation with fiber traits (fiber diameter, standard deviations and percentage of medullation – PM). The third step was to determine the potential selection criteria of breeding animals based on the parameters provided by a three-dimensional space values regarding the coat color assignment in alpacas. The colorimetric data were taken using a Chroma meter device analyzing 3 008 records from Huacaya type alpacas, collected between 2018 and 2019. In the first objective of the study, the color traits were subjected to a principal component analysis. The analysis of variance components and the estimation of genetic parameters were carried out using a restricted maximum likelihood procedure. The discriminant analysis was used for the correct assignment of the coat color. The principal component analysis results showed that the L*, a*, b*, h*ab and ΔE values can be grouped into two Principal Components (PC) to describe the color, where the L* value is mainly distributed in PC2, b* is distributed in PC1, while a* is distributed in both components. The heritabilities found were 0.144, 0.128, 0.151, 0.104 and 0.152 for L*, a*, b*, PC1 and PC2. The relevant genetic correlations were between L*-PM (−0.557) and b*-PM (−0.622). The discriminant analysis showed a high percentage of correct assignment in white (99.15%) and black (99.19%) coat colors for Huacaya type alpacas, while for the intermediate colors, the accuracy was lower. The three analyses showed that there is no pure natural color, but a range of color variation. It is better to use the values of the three-dimensional space and within them, the values of L* and b* are potential selection criteria to be included in a genetic improvement program.

Preparation of Electric- and Magnetic-Activated Water and Its Influence on the Workability and Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar

Cement-based materials prepared with activated water induced by a magnetic field or electric field represent a possible solution to environmental issues caused by the worldwide utilization of chemical admixtures. In this contribution, electric- and magnetic-activated water have been produced. The workability and mechanical properties of cement mortar prepared with this activated water have been investigated. The results indicate that the pH and absorbance (Abs) values of the water varied as the electric and magnetic field changed, and their values increased significantly, exhibiting improved activity compared with that of the untreated water. In addition, activated water still retains activity within 30 min of the resting time. The fluidity of the cement paste prepared with electric-activated water was significantly larger than that of the untreated paste. However, the level of improvement differed with the worst performance resulting from cement paste prepared with alternating voltage activated water. In terms of mechanical properties, both compressive strength and flexural strength obtained its maximum values at 280 mT with two processing cycles. The compressive strength increased 26% as the curing time increased from 7 days to 28 days and flexural strength increased by 31%. In addition, through the introduction of magnetic-activated water into cement mortar, the mechanical strength can be maintained without losing its workability when the amount of cement is reduced.

Rate of change in acetylcholine receptor antibody levels predicts myasthenia gravis outcome

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between changes in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR Ab) levels induced by immunosuppressive treatment and myasthenia gravis (MG) prognosis at 1-year post-treatment in patients with MG.MethodsWe included...

Visual and instrumental color evaluation of computerized color matching system for color reproduction of maxillofacial prostheses

Statement of problemA commercially available computerized color matching system (e-Skin) has been introduced for maxillofacial prostheses. However, studies that have tested its ability to produce an acceptable color match for skin color are lacking. PurposeThe purpose of this clinical study was to determine the color match acceptability of light and dark skin silicone replicas fabricated with the use of the computerized color matching system. Material and methodsFifteen participants with light skin and 15 participants with dark skin were recruited through personal invitation. These 30 participants (aged around 20 years) voluntarily consented to forearm skin color measurements with a spectrophotometer and a spectrocolorimeter integrated in a computerized color matching system. Silicone skin replicas for each participant were produced from the color formulations provided by the online calculator tool of the system according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The color difference between initial skin color measurements with the spectrophotometer and skin replica color measurements with the spectrophotometer for all participants was calculated by using both the CIELab (ΔE∗ab) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) color difference formulas. To compare the instrumental and visual evaluation of color match, 3 observers (a maxillofacial prosthodontist, a prosthodontist, and a postgraduate student) visually evaluated and rated the color match of each silicone replica on a 5-point scale. Statistical analyses were performed by using the Student t, Mann Whitney U, and chi-square tests (α=.05). ResultsNo significant differences were detected between the light and dark skin groups in terms of the ΔE∗ab and ΔE00 values obtained between the first skin color measurements and their silicone replica color measurements (P=.573, P=.338, respectively). However, a significant difference was found between light and dark skin groups for the ΔL and Δa values obtained from the same measurements (P=.031, P=.017, respectively). L∗, a∗, and b∗ values of light skin were significantly higher than those of their silicone replications (P=.008, P=.033, P=.046, respectively). Color match ratings of observers did not significantly differ when comparing the ratings of light skin replicas to ratings of dark skin replicas. ConclusionsThe e-Skin system provided skin replicas that matched the skin color within clinically acceptable thresholds and with ratings of at least “good” by experienced dental clinicians.

Color Analysis of Batik Fabric by Facile Smartphone Colorimetry

The color of a textile material is the first attribute and key component considered by consumers while purchasing cloth. However, measurement of fabric color is a very challenging task in the textile fabrication process. Colorimeters aids this measurement by adding objective assessments to a generally subjective process. The colorimeter application in Android smartphones provides a simple alternative to dedicated colorimetric devices. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of the smartphone colorimetry application for a Batik fabric color measurement. The colors of various Batik fabric images in the International Commission on Illumination L*a*b* color space, which includes all the colors that are visible by the human eye, obtained by a spectrophotometer and the colorimeter application were compared. Data of Batik fabric images acquired at three different distances of 10, 20, and 30 cm were analyzed. The color differences between the colorimeter and spectrophotometer results are various depending on the distance from the target. The ΔE*ab and ΔE*ch metrics were used to evaluate the color differences between the reference and sample fabric colors. The lowest mean of ΔE*ab values was 12.11 ± 5.29 measured 20 cm away from each fabric. The mean values of ΔE*ab between pairs of color symbols from the Colorimeter application were comparable to those obtained by the spectrophotometer. The ΔE*ab values were more suitable for fabric color measurement than ΔE*ch. The results indicate that smartphone colorimetry provides reasonable accuracy, is simple to use for amateurs, suitable for fabric color matching, and can satisfy fabric market requirements.

A fungal‐based anthraquinone emodin for polylactide and polyethylene terephthalate in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) dyeing

AbstractBio‐based materials and new dyeing technologies have gained growing interest, as companies actively want to enhance their products sustainability and remove environmental and hazardous pollutants. This article describes for the first time waterless dyeing studies using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) and a natural anthraquinone dye emodin for polylactide (PLA) and polyester (PET) fabric colouration. The colour of the dyed materials was measured as CIELab values, and the K/S (λmax,abs) value was reported. Colour fastness to rubbing and light was studied according to the relevant ISO standards. The results show that the small size and hydrophobic nature of the anthraquinone dye resulted in a uniform dyeing on PLA and PET fabrics with SC‐CO2 dyeing medium. The excellent rubbing fastness, and microscopic evaluation revealed that the dye had penetrated into the fiber structure completely. Also the light fastness properties were exceptionally high for natural dyes. Increased usage of biodegradable and recycled materials in textiles would benefit from biocolourants which are stable under end‐use conditions, produce bright colours and have acceptable tinctorial strength.

A piezoelectric power generator based on axisymmetrically distributed PVDF array for two-dimension vibration energy harvesting and direction sensing

To achieve vibration energy collection in multiple directions, this paper reports a piezoelectric power generator with an axisymmetrically distributed PVDF array, which is used to acquire 2D vibration energy and monitor the vibration direction. The simulations and the experiments demonstrated that the flexible cylinder with an arc-shaped axisymmetrically distributed PVDF array, can harvest vibration energy form multiple directions. Meanwhile, the concept of angular bandwidth is proposed, which can describe the multi-directional vibration energy capability of the harvester. Experiments show that the design has a large AB value (89.2°). Furthermore, increase the output performance of the harvest by reverse series and parallel connection. Finally, a detailed study and summary of the output characteristics of all PVDFs in PVEH confirm that PVEH has potential as a vibration direction sensor. The PVEH can monitor the vibration direction of 8 areas in real-time.

Nocardioides stalactiti sp. nov., isolated from a cave stalactite surface.

An aerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-stain-positive, actinobacterial strain, designated 1.0914T, was isolated from a stalactite sample collected from a cave located in Guizhou Province, southwest PR China. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain 1.0914T shared highest similarities values with Nocardioides pelophilus CGMCC 4.7388T (97.7 %), Nocardioides immobilis CCTCC AB 2017083T (97.5 %) and Nocardioides silvaticus CCTCC AB 2018079T (97.3 %) and values lower than 97.0 % to other members of the genus Nocardioides. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 1.0914T formed an isolated branch with N. pelophilus CGMCC 4.7388T, N. immobilis CCTCC AB 2017083T and N. silvaticus CCTCC AB 2018079T. The polar lipids contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and one unidentified phospholipid in the cellular membrane. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c, C17 : 1 ω8c and C16 : 0. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4) and ll-diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The genomic DNA G+C content was 71.1 mol%. The orthologous average nucleotide identiy values between N. pelophilus CGMCC 4.7388T, N. immobilis CCTCC AB 2017083T, N. silvaticus CCTCC 2018079T and strain 1.0914T were 82.3, 81.7 and 81.9 % respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization values between N. pelophilus CGMCC 4.7388T, N. immobilis CCTCC AB 2017083T, N. silvaticus CCTCC 2018079T and strain 1.0914T were 25.2, 24.6 and 24.5 % respectively. The phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data supported the classification of strain 1.0914T as representing a new species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides stalactiti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1.0914T (=CCTCC AB 2018266T=KCTC 49243T).

From Rheumatoid Factor to Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies for Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease mainly involving synovial inflammation and articular bone destruction. RA is a heterogeneous disease with diverse clinical presentations, prognoses and therapeutic responses. Following the first discovery of rheumatoid factors (RFs) 80 years ago, the identification of both anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) and anti-carbamylated protein antibodies (anti-CarP Abs) has greatly facilitated approaches toward RA, especially in the fields of early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of the disease. Although these antibodies share many common features and can function synergistically to promote disease progression, they differ mechanistically and have unique clinical relevance. Specifically, these three RA associating auto-antibodies (autoAbs) all precede the development of RA by years. However, while the current evidence suggests a synergic effect of RF and ACPA in predicting the development of RA and an erosive phenotype, controversies exist regarding the additive value of anti-CarP Abs. In the present review, we critically summarize the characteristics of these autoantibodies and focus on their distinct clinical applications in the early identification, clinical manifestations and prognosis prediction of RA. With the advancement of treatment options in the era of biologics, we also discuss the relevance of these autoantibodies in association with RA patient response to therapy.

Evaluating the Antifungal Activity of α-Bisabolol in Association with NaCl on Fusarium oxysporum in Maize Grains.

Fusarium infections result in reduced maize grain (Zea mays L.) yields and notable impacts on human and animal health. Research involving natural products to control fungi in food is a promising alternative. Combinations of α-bisabolol (AB) and sodium chloride (NaCl) may suggest the use of lower effective concentrations of the drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of AB associated with NaCl against Fusarium oxysporum strains isolated from maize. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values of AB and NaCl were determined by microdilution, and an association study was performed (checkerboard). Effects on fungal mycelial growth (poisoned substrate technique) and a maize grain contamination model were analyzed. AB presented MIC values ranging from 128 and 1024μg/mL; NaCl inhibited fungal growth at 16,384μg/mL. The AB/NaCl association study revealed synergism by decreasing inhibitory concentrations by eight times. In corn kernels, AB and NaCl, whether isolated (at MIC) or in association (at sub-inhibitory concentrations), significantly inhibited in vitro mycelial growth (P < 0.05). Further analysis of liquid from a canned maize sample also revealed the fungistatic effects of the compounds associations (P < 0.05). The results confirm the antifungal potential of AB, whether isolated or in association with NaCl to control F. oxysporum in maize.

Comparison between nanohybrid filler and submicron composite resin shade on color changes after polymerization

Background: Initial color determination of composite resins before polymerization is crucial to achieve an esthetic result that mimics the original tooth color. A filler particle size and composition affect the color change of the composite resin after polymerization despite the improvement in the chemical composition and filler of the composite resin. Objective: The effects of nanohybrid filler and submicron composite resin shade on color changes after polymerization were determined. Methods: Disc-shaped composite resin samples (diameter and thickness of 12 mm and 2 mm, respectively) were categorized into six groups, with each group containing 10 plates, according to the shade and type of filler (nanohybrid UD1, UD2, UD3; submicron OA1, OA2, OA3). Digital photographs were taken before and after polymerization. The changes in color (ΔE*ab values) were determined using software via eLABor_aid. Result: Only the Micerium EHRi UD1 composite resin group exhibited ΔE*ab < 3.3. The independent t-test revealed significant differences in the ΔE*ab (P < 0.05) between the nanohybrid and submicron composite resins in all shade groups (A1, A2, and A3). One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in ΔE*ab (P < 0.05) among A1, A2, and A3 between the nanohybrid and submicron composite resin groups. Tukey’s post hoc test revealed significant differences in ΔE*ab (P < 0.05) for the Micerium EHRi UD1 group compared with those of the UD2 and UD3 groups, as well as in the case of the Tokuyama Palfique OA1 group compared with those of the OA2 and OA3 groups. Conclusion: Nanohybrid filler and submicron composite resin shade affected color changes after polymerization. Compared to the darker color groups, brighter shades (UD1 and OA1) exhibited a lower-intensity color change.

Evaluación de indicadores de degradación y biomasa radical en mallines de una cuenca hídrica del sur de Santa Cruz

We conducted a study in order to analyze the association between vegetation and soil indicators, to assess the variation of these variables between sectors and condition of degradation, and to evaluate parameters of groundwater and root biomass between meadows with different condition in a watershed of southern Santa Cruz. Cover of the main forage species, litter, bare soil (BS), species that indicate degradation (IS), standing dead plant material and aerial biomass (B) were determined during three years in five contrasting meadow conditions (wet sector in good condition and wet and dry sectors in moderate and highly degraded conditions). Soil mechanical resistance, bulk density (BD), pH, electrical resistance, soil organic matter, groundwater electrical conductivity, sodium absorption ratio and root biomass were measured. Vegetation and soil variables were analyzed using an experiment tri-factorial 2x2x3 (i.e., Sector [S, Wet and Dry], Date [December and April] and Condition [C, Good, Moderate and Highly Degraded]). A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications and subdivided plots arrangement was used. The study identified vegetation and soil variables associated with the C and S. Highly degraded meadows showed high IS and low AB values. BD was higher (P&lt;0.05) in the highly deteriorated meadow. Root biomass was reduced with the deterioration of meadow. We conclude that it is possible to analyze the associate vegetation and soil variables with the C and S of meadow and explain the variation of radical biomass in relation to condition of degradation.

The use of surrounding rock loosening circle theory combined with elastic-plastic mechanics calculation method and depth learning in roadway support.

The objective is to study the design method of roadway support and provide technical support for coal mining and other mining methods that need deep roadway excavation. Through literature review, the occurrence, development mechanism and influencing factors of surrounding loose rock zones of roadways are analyzed. A method of detecting is selected according to the characteristics of surrounding rock loosening. Knowledge of elastoplastic mechanics is used to theoretically study the failure mechanism of surrounding rock in deep re-mining roadways. Based on the artificial neural network prediction model (ANN), the surrounding rock is classified and a support network model of the decision system is constructed. After the design of roadway support, a sharp change of vault subsidence normally occurs within about 7 days after excavation, and the total subsidence is 14 mm. In the following month, deformation is slow, subsidence is small, and it is basically stable after one month. The curve of the vault subsidence rate shows that the vault subsidence rate is less than or equal to 1mm/d after 7 days. The convergence rate is also less than 1 mm/d after 7 days. There are two cave mouths AB and CD, and the convergence value of AB is 6.47mm, CD is 10.26mm: CD is slightly larger than AB, and it is close to stable one month later. It is essentially consistent with the time of vault settlement and stability, and the amount of deformation is approximately the same. This shows that, with the advance of the working face, the displacement of the surrounding rock in the section away from the working face will gradually decrease and the surrounding rock will be stable. The stability time of surrounding rock displacement of the portal section is the same as that of vault subsidence under the initial support, and the amount of deformation is approximately the same, indicating that the support parameters and construction methods are reasonable.

Morphometric Analysis of the Corpus Callosum Using Cadaveric Brain: An Anatomical Study.

Purpose:The present study was conducted to measure the longitudinal and vertical lengths of the brain hemisphere, longitudinal length of the corpus callosum (CC), and distances of CC from the frontal and occipital poles, in order to define its topographic location within the brain hemispheres.Materials and Methods:Fifty formalin-fixed human brains were dissected in the midsagittal plane. The parameters measured were as follows: (i) straight distance between frontal and occipital pole (AB); (ii) vertical distance (height) between the upper and lower surface of the brain hemisphere (CD); (iii) frontal pole to anterior-most point of CC (EG); (iv) occipital pole to posterior-most point of CC (ZO); (v) anterior-most point to posterior-most point of CC (EZ); and (v) anterior edge of genu to the upper end of lamina terminalis (EF).Results:The mean value of AB, CD, EG, ZO, EZ, and EF was 15.47 ± 0.94 cm, 9.48 ± 0.83 cm, 3.31 ± 0.29 cm, 5.65 ± 0.54 cm, 6.96 ± 0.55 cm, and 2.1 ± 0.39 cm, respectively. AB had the strongest positive correlation with ZO (0.79), whereas CD (height) had it with EZ (0.59). Both AB and CD had a strong positive correlation with EZ. The ratios EZ/AB = 0.45 (P = 0.001) and EZ/CD = 0.73 (P = 0.003) illustrated a steady and significant proportions, present in all the brains studied. Although the mean values of all the parameters were greater in males than in females, only two parameters (ZO and EZ) showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) gender differences.Conclusion:The precise anatomical knowledge regarding the morphometry of CC will provide baseline data for the diagnosis and progression of disease affecting it.

P239 Third generation APCA improve prediction of clinical arthritis in at-risk individuals with positive second generation ACPA

Abstract Background Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) are important biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and can predict arthritis development in at-risk individuals. ACPA are conventionally detected using the second-generation or third generation IgG anti-CCP antibody (Ab) assays. Although the value of anti-CCP2 Ab for predicting progression to RA in at-risk individuals is well understood, very little knowledge exists for anti-CCP3.The objectives of this study were: i) To evaluate the prevalence of serum anti-CCP3 Ab in serum anti-CCP2 Ab positive at-risk individuals (CCP2+ at-risk); ii)) To study the incremental value of anti-CCP3 Ab in CCP2+ at-risk subjects for predicting progression to clinical inflammatory arthritis (IA). Methods Anti-CCP3 Ab were tested on stored serum samples obtained from 347 CCP2 + (BioRad, USA) at-risk individuals from the Leeds CCP study. Anti-CCP2 and anti-CCP3 tests positivity threshold was &amp;gt;2.99 IU/ml and &amp;gt;20 units, respectively. Moreover, anti-CCP2 and anti-CCP3 titres were categorised according to manufacturer’s cut-off: low (LT) and high (HT) for anti-CCP2, negative/weak/moderate/strong for anti-CCP3. Progression to IA was defined as the development of clinical synovitis in at least one joint. Only subjects with at least one follow-up visit were included in the progression analysis (n = 317). Results Anti-CCP3 Ab were negative in 138/347 (39.7%) CCP2+ individuals, and weakly, moderately, and strongly positive in 15/347 (4.3%), 5/347 (1.4%) and 189/347 (54.4%) individuals, respectively. LT and HT anti-CCP2 Ab were found in 103/347 (29.7%) and in 244/347 (70.3%) individuals, respectively. Eighty-eight/317 subjects (28%) developed IA. The rate of progression of LT and HT anti-CCP2, when anti-CCP3 was negative, decreased from 6.5% to 2.7%, and from 36.6% to 9.4%, respectively. Progression in anti-CCP2 HT increased from 36.6% to 45.6% when anti-CCP3 was positive (Table 1). Conclusion Our results support an important role for anti-CCP3 Ab in improving prediction of IA in CCP2+ at-risk individuals. Disclosures A. Di Matteo None. K. Mankia None. L. Duquenne None. M. Mahler Other; Inova Diagnostic. D. Corscadden None. K. Mbara None. L. Garcia-Montoya None. J. Nam None. P. Emery Honoraria; AbbVie, BMS, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd.

Case Report on Importance of Role of Selenium Supplementation in Autoimmune Thyroiditis: 8 Months Follow-Up with Variable Doses

Introduction: India in present situation has passed through the Iodine deficient to Iodine sufficient country due to higher access of iodised salt to people consuming higher iodine intake. Higher iodine intake increases the risk of lymphocytic infiltration of thyroid gland by 3 folds, and this has increased the prevalence of thyroid autoantibody positivity by almost 40-50%. Background: Selenium as know n has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property, and has the highest concentration in the thyroid gland. Several studies have shown that or studied that selenium has a close relationship with Hashimotos Thyroiditis characterized by presence of antithyroid peroxidase auto antibody. Aims and Objective: To study the effect of selenium supplementation in autoimmune thyroid disease. Two patients A and B with hypothyroidism both females with mean age 40+2 years were taken for this study, euthyroidism was achieved with substitutional therapy of levothyroxine of 100mcg dose. Both were then supplemented with selenium therapy. Results: Female patient A whose (mean TPOAb was 815) received 200 mg L-selenomethionine per day, orally for 4 months, and other female patient B whose (mean TPOAb was 790 IU/ml) also received 200mg of L-selenomethionine per day for duration of 4 months. The profile was assessed with the compared value of Anti TPO Ab and found decrease in the level of TPO antibodies by around 10-12 % after 8 weeks of therapy as assessed by the lab values, patient A values were 716 IU/ml and patient B values were 695 IU/ml, and 18-20 % at the end of 16 weeks i.e. 4 months, patient A values were 669 IU/ml and patient B values were 631 IU/ml. After 1st phase the thyroid profile of both the patients were stable on 100mcg. After duration of 6 months Female A was continued on L-selenomethionine 200 mg/day, while other female B the dose was reduced to 100 mg/day. Serum titers of TPOAb was assessed in both the female patients after 4 months. TPOAb titers increased significantly in female patient B with values of 820IU/ml around 30% as compared to female patient A with further decrease in titre values of 600 IU/ml.