AA7075 Composites Research Articles

Microstructure and properties of SiC particle reinforced AA7075 composites by friction stir processing

Microstructure and properties of SiC particle reinforced AA7075 composites by friction stir processing

Review of Aluminium (AA6061) Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) by Stir Casting Method

Industrial development has boosted the use of aluminium to accommodate high demand. Among the most popular aluminium alloys is the AA6061 of the 6xxx series due to it characteristics. AA6061 is a preferred matrix material for Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) fabrication. This study comprehensively reviews an AA6061 aluminium matrix composite produced through the liquid processing technique-stir casting. This review focuses on process parameters, manufacture of conventional mixtures, range of reinforcement, mechanical and tribology properties of AA6061 composites. Significant findings show that increased reinforcement in AA6061 matrix composites greatly improves the properties, such as strength, hardness, ductility, and wear resistance. Producing AA6061 composites with various reinforcements such as organic, inorganic (carbide, oxides, borides and nitrides), hybrid, and other nanomaterials makes the composites more appropriate for high-stress applications. The AA6061 matrix has effectively included a broad spectrum of reinforcing materials, from micro to nanoscale, showcasing the adaptability and versatility of the stir casting method. Future studies should focus on improving AA6061 composite manufacture using advanced casting processes and comprehensive material characterization. These composites have great potential as advanced materials for several industrial applications due to its remarkable mechanical and tribological properties.

Effect of Nano Particle Size on Mechanical and Fatigue Behavior of TiO2 Particular—Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites

Aluminum alloys are among the most widely used materials in the parts and vehicle sectors due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and qualities such as higher corrosion and wear resistance, as well as minimal thermal growth when compared to other metals. This research involved matrix alloy AA7075 aluminum reinforced with constant 7 wt. % TiO2 (with different particle sizes 30, 70, and 100 nm). The goal of this study is to improve the mechanical (impact strength and young modulus) and fatigue properties of AA7075 alloy-based metal matrix composites, and fatigue. AA7075 composites with a constant weight percentage of 7wt.% of TiO2 and variable particle size have been successfully synthesized by the stir casting route. Microstructural examinations revealed that nanocomposites with (30nm) particle size have better distribution and less porosity compared to the other particles size. The nanocomposite having 30 nm particle size was found to have maximum improvement UTS and YS in comparison with the other nanocomposites, 20.45%, and 12.87% respectively, and minimum elongation. An increase in particle size and fatigue results indicates the decreasing trend of fatigue life and strength. The higher endurance fatigue limit was recorded to be (23.875 MPa) for (30 nm) nanocomposite.

Wear behaviour analysis of thermo-mechanically processed AA7075 and AA7075/SiC/Graphite composite

Wear behaviour analysis of thermo-mechanically processed AA7075 and AA7075/SiC/Graphite composite

Improved mechanical and fretting wear behaviour of Stir-Cast AA7075 composites reinforced with hexagonally ordered MoS2 and SiC

Improved mechanical and fretting wear behaviour of Stir-Cast AA7075 composites reinforced with hexagonally ordered MoS2 and SiC

Enhancing tribological, mechanical, and microstructural properties of AA6061 composites with ceramic reinforcements (CrC, NbC, TaC) through friction stir processing

Enhancing tribological, mechanical, and microstructural properties of AA6061 composites with ceramic reinforcements (CrC, NbC, TaC) through friction stir processing

Optimization of Processing Parameters and Wear Performance of B4C Reinforced AA6061 Composites Through Taguchi Methodology

Optimization of Processing Parameters and Wear Performance of B4C Reinforced AA6061 Composites Through Taguchi Methodology

Synthesis, mechanical and tribological behaviours of boron nitride reinforced AA7075 composites produced by stir casting technique

This experimental investigation focused on synthesis of aluminium 7075-boron nitride (BN) composites (AA7075-BN), using stir casting technique. Four various proportions of BN of 0, 4, 8 and 12 wt% were used for the production of the composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the prepared composites. Using a pin-on-disc equipment, wear test was performed to analyse the tribological characteristics of the as-casted composites. The wear rate (WR) and the co-efficient of friction (COF) were determined by altering the input parameters, such as reinforcement (R), applied load (L), sliding velocity (V) and sliding distance (D). A grey relational technique (GRT) was applied to determine the appropriate conditions of parameters and showed low WR and COF for the composites. From the experimental results obtained, the least density of the composite was 2.70 g cm−3 for AA 7075–12 wt% BN. The mechanical properties of the composites were significantly improved. The highest tensile strength of 210 MPa was obtained from the same AA 7075–12 wt% BN. There was 26% of improvement in the tensile strength with 4 wt% of BN reinforcement in AA7075 matrix. Finally, the worn surface morphology confirmed plough and furrow formations on the AA 7075–4 wt% BN and AA 7075–8 wt% BN composites, respectively. Therefore, the applications of the various composites depend on their responses to the properties, as studied.

Optimizing process parameters for enhancing mechanical properties of aa6061 composites reinforced with walnut shell ash and silicon carbide

Optimizing process parameters for enhancing mechanical properties of aa6061 composites reinforced with walnut shell ash and silicon carbide

A Comprehensive Investigation of BN and VC Reinforcements on the Properties of FSP AA6061 Composites

This present study investigated the impact of incorporating boron nitride (BN) and vanadium carbide (VC) reinforcements on various properties of friction stir processed (FSP) AA6061 alloy composites, focusing specifically on grain structure, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and compressive strength. The findings indicate that VC more effectively refines the grain structure of the AA6061 alloy during FSP compared to BN. The inclusion of BN particles in the metal matrix composites resulted in a decrease in both thermal and electrical conductivity. In contrast, the addition of VC particles led to an increase in both thermal and electrical conductivity. The AA6061/VC composite material exhibited the highest thermal conductivity among all composites tested. The electrical conductivity of the hybrid-composite AA6061/30%BN+70%VC showed a slight reduction, measuring only 2.8% lower than the base alloy AA6061. The mono-composite AA6061/VC exhibited a marginal decrease in thermal conductivity, with a measured value only 7.5% lower than the conventional alloy AA6061. However, the mono-composite AA6061/BN displayed a more significant decline, exhibiting a loss of 14.7% and 13.9% in electrical and thermal conductivity, respectively. The composite material comprising 30% BN and 70% VC reinforcement demonstrated the highest compressive strength compared to all other tested composites. The observed percentage enhancement in the mechanical properties of mono and hybrid composites, compared to the parent AA6061 alloy, ranged from 17.1% to 31.5%.

Exploring the intricacies of machine learning-based optimization of electric discharge machining on squeeze cast TiB2/AA6061 composites: Insights from morphological, and microstructural aspects in the surface structure analysis of recast layer formation and worn-out analysis

Exploring the intricacies of machine learning-based optimization of electric discharge machining on squeeze cast TiB2/AA6061 composites: Insights from morphological, and microstructural aspects in the surface structure analysis of recast layer formation and worn-out analysis

Aluminium 6061 and Hybridized Agro-Marine Waste Particulate Composite: Review.

The use of agro-marine waste particulates in composites has gained attention as a result of the desire for sustainable and cost-effective materials. In this review, the biomechanical and crystallography properties of AA 6061 alloy reinforcement of various agro-marine waste particulates were investigated, including sugarcane bagasse, fly ash, coconut shell, eggshell, and seashell. The addition of agro-marine waste particulates significantly improved the mechanical characteristics of the composites, with coconut and egg shells hybridization showing the highest advancement in strength and resistance. TEM analysis confirmed good interfacial bonding. Agro-marine waste particulates are a promising candidate for sustainable and low-cost reinforcement materials in composites, owing to their abundance and environmental benefits. This review discusses recent research on how to use agro-marine particulates as reinforcement resources in Aluminium 6061 composites, including their mechanical, physical, and microstructural properties. The incorporation of agro-marine waste particulates has shown a substantial enhancement of the structural characteristics of the admixture, particularly tensile strength, stiffness, and resistivity of wear. Hybridization of different agro-marine waste particulates has further enhanced the quality of the composites, with microstructural analysis confirming good interfacial bonding. However, challenges such as optimizing processing methods, enhancing interfacial bonding, and assessing long-term durability must be addressed to realize the full potential of agro-marine waste particulates as reinforcement materials. This review highlights the potential of agromarine waste particulates as sustainable and low-cost reinforcement materials in Aluminium 6061 composites, which can contribute to environmental sustainability and improve the performance of composites in various applications. Future research should focus on addressing the challenges to optimize the properties of agro-marine waste particulatereinforced composites. Keywords: AA6061 composites, Agro-marine waste, Particulate composite, Sustainability, Interfacial bonding, Mechanical properties, Processing methods.

Influence of Metallic Particles on Properties of Aluminium Composites through Taguchi Technique

In this work, aluminium composites have been evaluated in terms of their characteristics and behaviour. Stirring metallics and a specific quantity of ceramic-derived silicon nitride resulted in AA6061 composites (Si3N4). The mechanical, corrosion, and tribological properties of composites were investigated. Tensile, corrosion, and hardness characteristics have been improved in composites with a constant weight percent of ceramic and advanced metallic fortification. The improved hardness of the composite has decreased wear and friction. Furthermore, by using ceramic strengthening with the metal, the impact strength of the composites was condensed. In addition to the research, the design of experiments method was used to optimize the important wear test elements such as reinforcement %, applied stress, sliding distance, and speed. Analysis of variance was used to find the most significant testing features and its interface with wear performance and the friction coefficient of the composite specimen.

Tribological and machining characteristics of AA7075 hybrid composites and optimizing utilizing modified PROMETHEE approach

In this research work an attempt was made to reinforce AA7075 composites with B4C and SiC particles through stir casting route. SEM with EDS mapping revealed that the reinforcement were uniformly over the composites and hardness reduces with the addition of SiC particles owing to the inverse hall petch effect. The results revealed that wear rate reduces with addition of SiC particles owing to the formation of mechanically mixed layer and protective oxide layer confirmed through SEM with EDAX mapping. Three distinct cracks were formed, when slides at different temperature as confirmed through worn surface morphology, pits cracks and plasticization of material were the other features observed. The used motor oil properties were analyzed and results divulged that the oil suitable for dielectric fluid. Increase in Material Removal Rate (MRR), reduction in Tool Wear Ratio (TWR) and Surface Roughness (Ra) was observed with the incorporation of powder particles owing to the bridging effect. Black spots, craters, micro pits, globules and micro crack are the distinct observed on the machined surface topography. The modified Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) optimization technique was utilized to find the optimal parametric combination.

Influence of Al2TiO5 particles on AA6061 composites fabricated by bottom pouring stir casting technique

Influence of Al2TiO5 particles on AA6061 composites fabricated by bottom pouring stir casting technique

Tribological Behavior of AA7075 Reinforced with Ag and ZrO2 Composites

In this study, an AA7075 composite material with a varying weight percentage of silver and zirconium oxide reinforcement is examined in terms of its properties. Reinforcement quantities ranging from 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 wt % were combined with the matrix using the in-situ technique of stir casting in the field. Tensile, mechanical hardness, and compressive strength were assessed in accordance with the standard. The X-ray diffraction and EDS were utilized to analyze AA7075 composites for the distribution and dispersion of particles. Different input parameters such as load (N), composites (wt %), and velocity (m/s) were used to evaluate wear resistance when using the pin-on-disc method. The wear rate (mm/m) was estimated for every weight percent of reinforced mass loss (g). Optimization methods such as Taguchi and analysis of variance were used to determine the AA7075’s optimal processing parameters and composites that were the most significant. In order to identify the best genetic algorithm results, theoretical and experimental results were evaluated.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION ON WIRE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING OF AA7075/ZRB2 IN SITU COMPOSITES

The AA7075 composites reinforced with 3, 6, and 9 volume fractions (vol.%) of ZrB2 particles have been successfully fabricated using in situ fabrication method. In this technique, the inorganic salts K2ZrF6 and KBF4 were added to the molten aluminum and retained the melting at 900∘C to form the required vol.% of ZrB2 particles. The aluminum-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) are commonly known as aluminum matrix composites (AMCs). This work carries the effects of various wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) input process parameters like pulse-on-time ([Formula: see text]), pulse-off-time ([Formula: see text]), wire feed rate (WFR), and gap voltage (GV) on the output responses such as material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), and Kerf-width ([Formula: see text]) of the fabricated AA7075/(3, 6, and 9) vol.% ZrB2 in situ AMCs. Based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array method, the design of experiments (DoE) was used to carry out the operations on the fabricated AMCs. The optimal level of process parameters was found by the main effects plot for signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, contour plots, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The effect of these process parameters on MRR and SR was analyzed and it is found that the maximum MRR was attained in the optimal parametric combination of GV [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V; [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s; [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s; WFR [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm/s; Reinforcement [Formula: see text] vol.%, and the minimum SR was attained in the optimal parametric combination of GV [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V; [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s; [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s; WFR [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm/s; Reinforcement [Formula: see text] vol.%.

Dispersion and Preparation of Nano-AlN/AA6061 Composites by Pressure Infiltration Method.

Nanomaterials play an important role in metal matrix composites (MMC). In this study, 3.0 wt.%, 6.0 wt.%, and 9.0 wt.% nano-AlN-particles-reinforced AA6061 (nano-AlN/AA6061) composites were successfully prepared by pressure infiltration technique and then hot extruded (HE) at 500 °C. The microstructural characterization of the composites after HE show that the grain structure of the Al matrix is significantly refined, varying from 2 to 20 μm down to 1 to 3 μm. Nano-AlN particles in the composites are agglomerated around the matrix, and the distribution of nano-AlN is improved after HE. The interface between AA6061 and nano-AlN is clean and smooth, without interface reaction products. The 3.0 wt.% nano-AlN/AA6061 composite shows an uppermost yield and supreme tensile strength of 333 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively. The results show that the deformation procedure of the composite is beneficial to the further dispersion of nano-AlN particles and improves the strength of nano-AlN/AA6061 composite. At the same time, the strengthening mechanism active in the composites was discussed.

Effect of ceramic particle reinforcement type and process parameters on abrasive water jet processing of aluminum metal matrix composites fabricated by stir casting and hot rolling

In the present study, three AA6061 composites reinforced with 8% SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 were produced using the stir casting method. The composite specimens were molded in the thickness of 20 mm, and then the thicknesses of the samples were reduced to 7 mm by employing a hot rolling process at 450 °C. The effect of abrasive water jet cutting parameters such as nozzle speed (NS) and stand-off distance (SOD) on the kerf taper angle (KTA) and surface roughness (SR) were studied. The experiments were conducted based on the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and the experimental results were analyzed by using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The test results revealed that the most effective cutting variable on the KTA and SR was the type of reinforcement ceramic particle. The lowest KTA and the best SR values were recorded in the cutting of the Al2O3-reinforced composite specimen. The influence of the ceramic particle reinforcements on the SR and KTA was 60.6% and 65.1%, respectively. The effect ratio of the SOD, the second most effective process variable, to the SR is 28.1%, while the effect ratio to the KTA is 22.0%. Predictive models were developed for the KTA ( R2 = 93.29%) and SR ( R2 = 91.84) by the regression analysis. A close correlation with the ratio of 95.43% was achieved between the KTA and SR.

Microstructure Evaluation on Micro and Nano Slag Particles Reinforced AA7075 Composites

The research work was focused on utilization of solid industrial waste. In order to investigate the properties of Fe-Cr slag particulates strengthened AA7075 composites. In this paper addition of ferrochrome slag particles as reinforcement in AA 7075 alloy processed through stir casting technique. By varying size of ferrochrome slag particles were added to evaluate the size effects in the given alloy matrix. Prepared composites were subjected to heat treatment and evaluated for microstructure analysis. The results show that there is a uniform distribution of particles in the matrix and that there is a strong bond between the matrix and the reinforcement. Grain refinement in the alloy matrix is observed by inducing slag particles. Further nanocomposites show lower grain size values.