A Body Shape Index Research Articles

Do Time-Dependent Repeated Measures of Anthropometric and Body Composition Indices Improve the Prediction of Incident Diabetes in the Cohort Study? Findings from a Community-Based Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.

Cumulative evidence consistently shows that anthropometric and body composition measurements are strongly linked to the risk of incident diabetes, typically based on baseline measurements. This study aims to assess whether repeated measurements enhance the prediction of diabetes risk beyond baseline assessments alone. We utilized data from a 16-year population-based follow-up cohort within the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, comprising 6,030 individuals aged 40 to 69 years at baseline. We included eight indices: a body shape index (ABSI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), weight-adjusted skeletal muscle index (SMI), percent body fat, and fat-to-muscle ratio. The effect of these measurements for incident diabetes was estimated using Harrell's C-indexes and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals, employing time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models. Over the 16-year follow-up, 939 new diabetes cases were identified (cumulative incidence, 15.6%). The median number of indicator measurements per participant was eight. The basic model, including 10 features (sex, age, education levels, physical activity, alcohol intake, current smoking, total energy intake, dietary diversity score, and log-transformed C-reactive protein levels, and quartiles of unweighted genetic risk score at baseline), yielded a Harrell's C-index of 0.610. The highest C-index in repeated measurements was for WC (0.668) across the general population, weight-adjusted SMI in men, and WHR in women. However, except for ABSI and BAI, the diabetes predictive power of the other indicators was comparable. Additionally, repeated measurements of WC, BMI, and WHR in women were found to contribute to improved discrimination compared to baseline measurements, but not in men. Utilizing repeated measurements of general and central adiposity to predict diabetes may be helpful in predicting hidden risks, especially in women.

Abstract 4137933: High ABSI is associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular events

Background: A Body Shape Index (ABSI) has been reported to have associations with cardiovascular risk factors. However, there is no information on the association between ABSI and incidence of cardiovascular events. Methods: We investigated the associations between ABSI and first major cardiovascular events (death from cardiovascular disease, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, and nonfatal stroke) in 1857 subjects from the database of Flow-Mediated Dilation Japan registry and from Hiroshima University Vascular Function registry. Results: The areas under the curves of ABSI to predict the first major cardiovascular events were 0.672 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.568-0.761) in men and 0.749 (95% CI, 0.624-0.842) in women. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the cutoff value of ABSI for predicting first major cardiovascular events: a low ABSI group (<0.0822 in men and <0.0814 in women) and a high ABSI group (≥0.0822 in men and ≥0.0814 in women). During a median follow-up period of 41.6 months, 56 subjects died (23 from cardiovascular causes), 16 had nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, and 14 had nonfatal stroke. The Kaplan-Meier curves for first major cardiovascular events were significantly different between the two groups (men, P<0.001; women, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that high ABSI remained an independent predictor of first major cardiovascular events (men: hazard ratio, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.07 to 5.06; P=0.033; women: hazard ratio, 8.33; 95% CI, 1.06 to 65.49; P=0.044). Conclusions: High ABSI is independently associated with incidence of cardiovascular events. ABSI calculation should be performed for evaluation of risk of cardiovascular events.

Abstract 4138547: The A Body Shape Index and Type 2 Diabetes are Mutually Independent Predictors of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Established Coronary Artery Disease

The A Body Shape index (ABSI) is a validated measure of visceral adiposity that is calculated based on waist circumference, height and BMI. Its power to predict cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear and is addressed in the present study. We prospectively recorded cardiovascular events in a cohort of 938 patients with CAD over a mean follow-up time of 8.1±4.2 years. At baseline, the ABSI was higher in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM; n=308) than in those who did not have diabetes (8.4±0.6 vs. 8.3±0.5; p=0.032). Prospectively, the ABSI significantly predicted the incidence of cardiovascular events (n=389) after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and T2DM (standardized adjusted HRs 1.12 [1.03-1.22]; p=0.009, respectively). T2DM in turn also significantly predicted cardiovascular events in this model with a HR of 1.23 [1.02-1.49]; p=0.034 after adjustment for ABSI. We conclude that ABSI and T2DM are mutually independent risk factors for cardiovascular events in patients with established CAD.

Association of body indices with mortality in older population: Japan Specific Health Checkups (J-SHC) Study.

Obesity indices reflect not only fat mass but also muscle mass and nutritional status in older people. Therefore, they may not accurately reflect prognosis. This study aimed to investigate associations between a body shape index (ABSI), body mass index (BMI), and mortality in the general older population. This nationwide observational longitudinal study included individuals aged between 65 and 74 years who underwent annual health checkups between 2008 and 2014. Exposures of interest were ABSI and BMI, and the primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Association between the ABSI and BMI quartile (Q1-4) and mortality was assessed using Cox regression analysis. A restricted cubic spline was also used to investigate nonlinear associations. The missing values were imputed using multiple imputation by chained equations. Among 315,215 participants, 5074 died during a median follow-up period of 42.5 (interquartile range: 26.2-59.3) months. Compared with ABSI Q1, ABSI Q3 and Q4 were associated with increased risk of mortality, with the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1.13 (1.05-1.22) and 1.23 (1.13-1.35), respectively. Compared with BMI Q3, BMI Q1 and Q2 were associated with an increased risk of mortality, with aHRs and 95% CIs of 1.51 (1.39-1.65) and 1.12 (1.03-1.22), respectively. The impacts of these indices were greater in male than in female. The heatmap of the aHR for mortality by continuous ABSI and BMI showed that higher ABSI was consistently associated with higher mortality risk regardless of BMI, and that the combination of low BMI and high ABSI was strongly associated with increased mortality risk. High ABSI and low BMI are additively associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in the general older population in Japan. Combination of ABSI and BMI is useful for evaluating mortality risk in older people.

Abdominal Obesity: A Lethal Factor in Elderly Male Osteoporosis Patients—Insights from NHANES

Background and AimThis study aims to investigate the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) Z-score and all-cause mortality among osteoporotic patients using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods and ResultsWe analyzed NHANES data from 2005 to 2010, 2013 to 2014, and 2017 to 2018, focusing on individuals aged 50 and above with complete bone mineral density (BMD) data. The ABSI Z-score, calculated by adjusting waist circumference (WC) for height and weight, was used to independently assess abdominal fat beyond Body Mass Index (BMI). Mortality status was confirmed by linking NHANES data with the National Death Index (NDI), with follow-up until December 31, 2019. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were employed for analysis, adjusting for age, gender, race, fracture history, anti-osteoporosis treatment history, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study included 1,596 participants. Higher ABSI Z-scores were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality risk, especially among elderly male osteoporotic patients. This association remained robust after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. ConclusionThe ABSI Z-score serves as a valuable non-invasive screening tool that effectively identifies osteoporotic patients at higher risk of mortality. These findings emphasize the importance of body management in health, supporting further research to explore the practical utility of ABSI Z-score in osteoporotic patients and how body management can enhance long-term survival rates.

Associations between Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and incident stroke among community populations in Pudong New Area, Shanghai

BackgroundTo analyze the relationship between Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI) and stroke in Pudong New Area, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of this condition. Materials and MethodsBased on the Follow-up Cohort Program of Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Pudong New Area, a total of 7,194 residents from 12 townships and 35 village committees or neighborhood committees were selected. The cohort data in 2016 served as the baseline, and a follow-up was conducted on 5462 individuals from 2019 to 2020. ResultsIn the analysis of stroke incidence, 5,462 subjects were included, with 616 stroke events recorded. The incidence density of stroke was 33.41 per 1000 person-years, while the China standard rate and the world standard rate were 13.78 and 12.52 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The incidence density of stroke rose with increasing quartiles of CVAI. After adjusting for potential confounders, the risk of stroke for males and females with CVAI ≥ 132.11 was 2.492 times (95% CI: 1.457 ∼ 4.260) and 1.759 times (95% CI: 1.070-2.891), respectively, compared to the groups with CVAI < 81.91. Among the eight obesity indicators, including CVAI, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist Height Ratio (WHtR), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI),and Body Roundness Index (BRI), CVAI has the highest diagnostic accuracy for female stroke using Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves (the Area under the ROC curve/AUC = 0.619). Subgroup analysis showed that smoking and dyslipidemia significantly modified the association between CVAI and stroke risk in females (interaction P < 0.05). ConclusionsCVAI is identified as a significant risk factor for stroke and serves as a valuable predictor of stroke, particularly in females.

Associations between anthropometric indices as complementary predictors and incidence of type 2 diabetes; Panasonic Cohort Study 21

AimsTo compare the predictive abilities of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-corrected BMI (wBMI), a body shape index (ABSI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for the incidence of type 2 diabetes and determine the practical cut-off values for the Japanese population. MethodsThis study used data from 155,623 participants who had medical checkups with Panasonic Corporation between 2008 and 2021. Predictive abilities of anthropometric indices were evaluated at 13 years using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Results8,800 developed type 2 diabetes during the study period. The area under the ROC curve for the WHtR was high (0.717, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.710–0.724), with cut-off value of 0.497 in men, while those for wBMI (0.829, 95 % CI: 0.808–0.848) and WHtR (0.826, 95 % CI: 0.806–0.845) were high in women, with cut-off values of 18.6 kg/m and 0.510, respectively. It was also showed WHtR was the most effective in men, while WHtR and wBMI outperformed WC and were comparable to BMI in women for predicting type 2 diabetes. ConclusionsWHtR demonstrated superior effectiveness in predicting type 2 diabetes in men, while both WHtR and wBMI showed higher effectiveness than WC and were almost equivalent to BMI in women.

The association between low carbohydrate dietary score (LCDS) and cardiovascular risk factors: results from the Shiraz Heart Study (SHS)

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death and recent studies have highlighted the potential role of dietary carbohydrate indices in cardiovascular health. Given the controversial results in this field, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between low carbohydrate dietary score (LCDS) and CVD risk factors in a population of Iranian adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted within the framework of the Shiraz Heart Study (SHS) including 1982 adults. The validated 168 items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess participants’ dietary intakes. To investigate the association between LCDS and cardiometabolic risk factors, logistic regression, was conducted.ResultsDuring 5 years of follow-up, a total of 1982 adults, with a mean age of 53.07 ± 8.38 years, were included to the analysis. The adjusted model based on known confounding factors (age, sex, smoking, physical activity, energy intake and body mass index) revealed a significant decrease in a body shape index (ABSI) (OR = 0.70, 95% CI= (0.50 to 0.98), P = 0.038) comparing highest LCDS tertile vs. the reference. In contrast, risk of hypertension (HTN), body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were not significantly associated with LCDS.ConclusionCurrent findings suggest that adherence to a low carbohydrate diet reduces ABSI, a main indicator of central obesity.

The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and novel anthropometric indices and the severity of diabetic foot ulcers in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundResearch on the relationship between dietary phytochemical intake and the anthropometric indices as well as the diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remains inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the associations of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with the novel anthropometric indices and the severity of DFUs.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 339 adults with type 2 diabetes. Dietary intake was assessed using three 24-hour dietary recalls. To quantify the phytochemical content of the diet, the DPI estimation was done through an equation proposed by McCarty. The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) criteria and Wagner classification system were applied to assess DFUs. New anthropometric indices including a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI) and abdominal volume index (AVI) were calculated based on formulas. We employed analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression to explore associations between DPI and the anthropometric indices and DFU variables.ResultsOur results revealed no significant association between DPI and the foot ulcer indices, following adjusting for the possible covariates. Furthermore, we also examined the relationship between diabetic neuropathy, as measured by monofilament score, and the DPI. Similarly, we did not find any substantial relationship between the DPI and monofilament score (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.66–2.09; Ptrend = 0.56), as well as biochemical indices. Our analysis did not reveal any significant associations between the DPI and ABSI (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.35–1.38; Ptrend = 0.30), BRI (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.33–1.95; Ptrend = 0.59), and AVI (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 0.92–4.33; Ptrend = 0.08).ConclusionsOur study revealed no significant links between the DPI and foot ulcer indices, neuropathy measures, and anthropometric indices. These findings imply that factors beyond dietary phytochemical intake may exert greater influence on the development of foot ulcers in diabetes.

Association of ultra-processed food consumption with cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus

BackgroundUltra-processed foods mainly have high energy content and density and low nutrients. Unhealthy lifestyles mainly develop cardiovascular diseases and, as a result, unhealthy food patterns.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of novel cardiovascular disease (CVDs) in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM).MethodThis is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 490 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire evaluated food intake. Ultra-processed foods were assessed according to NOVA classification. Cardiovascular risk factors such as Castelli risk index 1 and 2 (CRI-I and II), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and cholesterol index (CI) were assessed by traditional CVD risk factors. The anthropometric indices predicting CVD, such as a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), and abdominal volume index (AVI), were assessed.ResultsEach 20-gram increase in UPF consumption was associated with a significant elevation in serum level of TC [B (SE): 1.214 (0.537); 95% CI: 0.159–2.269] and lower HDL serum concentration [B (SE): −0.371 (0.155); 95% CI: −0.675 to −0.067]. The crude model for CRI 1 [B (SE): 0.032 (0.012); 95% CI: 0.009–0.056], CRI 2 [B (SE): 0.022 (0.009); 95% CI: 0.004–0.040], and AIP [B (SE): 0.006 (0.003); 95% CI: 0.000–0.012] showed significant adverse effects.ConclusionsOur study showed that higher consumption of UPFs is associated with higher chances of developing cardiovascular diseases in T2DM patients.

The Abdominal Adiposity Index (A Body Shape Index) Predicts 10-Year All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Active Non-Obese Subjects

Background/Objectives: A Body Shape Index (ABSI), which accounts for waist circumference relative to mass and height, shows a robust association with mortality risk. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of ABSI as a predictor of 10-year all-cause mortality in physically active, non-obese elderly individuals. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 159 volunteers (94 women, aged 60–80 years), recruited in the frame of the “Physical Activity and Nutrition for Great Ageing” (PANGeA) Cross-border Cooperation Program Slovenia–Italy 2007–2013, and followed for 10 years. Baseline characteristics included anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and cardiovascular fitness tests (VO2max). Statistical analyses (Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier survival) were conducted to examine the relationship between ABSI and mortality. Results: During the 10-year follow-up, 10 deaths (6.7%) were recorded. ABSI (adjusted for age, smoking, comorbidities, and therapy) was an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio = 4.65, p &lt; 0.001). Higher ABSI scores were linked to reduced VO2max (r = −0.190, p = 0.017) and increased systolic blood pressure (r = 0.262, p = 0.001). An ABSI-based predictive model showed strong discriminatory power (AUROC = 0.91). Conclusions: ABSI is a reliable predictor of 10-year mortality in active, non-obese elderly individuals and may improve risk stratification in clinical practice.

Association between "a body shape index" (ABSI) with periodontitis in a hypertension population from the NHANES 2009-2014.

A body Shape index (ABSI), defined as waist circumference (WC)/(body mass index (BMI)2/3 × height1/2), is unique in that the ABSI is positively associated with visceral obesity and is independent of BMI. The ABSI has also been shown to be positively and linearly correlated with the amount of visceral adiposity in the general population and with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is uncertain whether ABSI is associated with periodontitis in hypertensive patients. A cross-sectional study of 2,482 hypertensive patients (mean age 65.2 ± 9.1 years) was conducted using the ABSI Z score, periodontitis as a dichotomous variable, the ABSI Z score as a continuous variable, and multiple covariates such as age, gender, and race. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression model, subgroup analysis with EmpowerStats (version 4.2), and curve transformation plots were generated. In multiple regression model analysis, ABSI Z score showed a significant positive association with periodontitis in the hypertensive population in all three models. When ABSI Z score was divided into low, moderate, and high three groups, we observed that those with the highest ABSI Z score had a 20% increased risk of periodontitis among people with hypertension (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.0, 1.5; p = 0.046). We used smooth curve fitting to confirm the results and found that these results were still supported, and additional subgroup analyses showed that the positive association between ABSI Z score and periodontitis in hypertensive population was stable and consistent in the general population. The present cross-sectional investigation showed a positive association between ABSI Z score and periodontitis in a hypertensive population.

Hubungan Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) dan A Body Shape Index (ABSI) dengan Tekanan Darah pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran

Prehypertension is a condition that can increase the risk of developing hypertension and lead to various diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, and chronic kidney disease. Lifestyle factors significantly influence blood pressure, with obesity being one of the key risk factors for prehypertension. Obesity can be assessed using anthropometric measurements such as Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) and A Body Shape Index (ABSI). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between WHR and ABSI with prehypertension among male students at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. The study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The respondents consisted of active male medical students from the class of 2019–2021, with data collected using random proportional-to-size sampling. Among the 74 respondents, 28.4% had normotensive blood pressure, while 71.6% exhibited elevated blood pressure. Regarding WHR, 28.4% of respondents had values indicating a risk of hypertension, and for ABSI, 25.7% of respondents had values indicating similar risks. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between WHR and ABSI with prehypertension (p = 0.024, p = 0.045). In conclusion, this study found a significant association between WHR and ABSI with prehypertension among male medical students at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia.

Accuracy of novel anthropometric indices for assessing the risk for progression of prediabetes to diabetes; 13 years of results from Isfahan Cohort Study.

We examined the accuracy of novel anthropometric indices in predicting the progression of prediabetes to diabetes. This study was performed on the pre-diabetic sub-population from Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS). Participants were followed up from 2001 to 2013. During every 5-year follow-up survey, patients' data regarding the incidence and time of incidence of diabetes were recorded. We evaluated the association between the risk of developing diabetes and novel anthropometric indices including: visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation products (LAP), deep abdominal adipose tissue (DAAT), abdominal volume index (AVI), A body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI) and weight-adjusted waist index (WWI). We categorized the indices into two groups according to the median value of each index in the population. We used Cox regression analysis to obtain hazard ratios (HR) using the first group as the reference category and used receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis for comparing the predictive performance of the indices. From 215 included subjects, 79 developed diabetes during the 13-year follow-up. AVI, LAP, BRI, and VAI indicated statistically significant HR in crude and adjusted regression models. LAP had the greatest association with the development of diabetes HR = 2.18 (1.36-3.50) in multivariable analysis. ROC curve analysis indicated that LAP has the greatest predictive performance among indices (area under the curve = 0.627). Regardless of baseline confounding variables, prediabetic patients with a higher LAP index may be at significantly higher risk for developing diabetes.

Clinical utility of novel anthropometric indices in identifying type 2 diabetes mellitus among South African adult females.

To assess the clinical utility of novel anthropometric indices and other traditional anthropometric indices in identifying the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) among South African adult females. In the first South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1), traditional [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)] and novel [a-body shape index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI), body roundness index (BRI), conicity index (CI), and Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE)] anthropometric indices were assessed. T2D was diagnosed using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5% among participants without known T2D. Basic statistics and multiple regression analyses were explored the association between anthropometric indices and newly diagnosed T2D. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to measure the predictive ability of both traditional and novel indices. Among 2 623 participants, 384 (14.6%) had newly diagnosed T2D. All anthropometric indices mean values were significantly higher among participants with T2D (most p < 0.001). Higher mean values increased T2D odds e.g., in the model adjusted for age, employment, residence, and population group, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for T2D with some of anthropometric indices were: 1.86 (1.60-2.15) for WC, 1.84 (1.59-2.13) for WHtR, 1.73 (1.51-1.99) for AVI, 1.71 (1.49-1.96) for BRI and 1.86 (1.57-2.20) for CUN-BAE. The top quartile for all indices had the highest T2D odds (p < 0.05). These outcomes were the highest for WC, AVI, and CUN-BAE and remained so even after removing the confounding effects of age, employment, population group, and residence. Based on the ROC analysis, none of the anthropometrical indices performed excellently (i.e., had an area under the curve [AUC] > 0.80). The WC, WHtR, AVI, BRI, and CUN-BAE, however, performed acceptably (AUCs 0.70-0.79), while also exhibiting corresponding cutoff values of 86.65cm, 0.57, 15.52, 3.83, and 38.35, respectively. The data shows that traditional and novel anthropometric indices similarly identifying newly diagnosed T2D among adult South African females. We recommend the continuing the use of traditional indices, as they are affordable and easy to use in our setting.

Associations between body fat anthropometric indices and mortality among individuals with metabolic syndrome

BackgroundThe distribution of body fat and metabolic health may contribute to the onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the associations between body fat anthropometric indices (AIs) and mortality in individuals with MetS remain unclear.MethodsParticipants aged 18 years or older with MetS were recruited from the NHANES 1999–2018. The body fat anthropometric indices included the a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), cardiometabolic index (CMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), waist triglyceride index (WTI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and triglyceride‒glucose (TyG) index. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATPIII) criteria. Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index through December 31, 2019.ResultsData were collected from 8,379 individuals with MetS, with a median follow-up of 8.5 years, of whom 1,698 died from all causes and 568 from the CCD. The random survival forest (RSF) analysis indicated that the ABSI had the strongest predictive power for both all-cause mortality and CCD mortality among the eight body fat AIs. After adjusting for multiple variables, the ABSI was found to be linearly and positively associated with all-cause and CCD mortality in individuals with MetS. Participants in the highest quartile of ABSI had an increased risk of all-cause (HR = 1.773 [1.419–2.215]) and CCD (HR = 1.735 [1.267–2.375]) mortality compared with those in the lowest quartile. Furthermore, the ABSI predicted areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.735, 0.723, 0.718, and 0.725 for all-cause mortality at 3, 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively, and 0.774, 0.758, 0.725, and 0.715 for CCD mortality, respectively.ConclusionAmong eight body fat AIs, the ABSI exhibited the strongest predictive power for mortality in individuals with MetS. Higher ABSI values significantly increased all-cause mortality and CCD mortality in participants with MetS.

Increased Cardiometabolic Risk in Dynapenic Obesity: Results from the Study of Workers' Health (ESAT).

Background: The coexistence of obesity and low muscle strength-denoted dynapenic obesity (DO)-has been associated with an unhealthy metabolic profile and increased risk for metabolic syndrome. However, there is a lack on studies investigating if DO exhibits higher cardiometabolic risk than non-dynapenic obesity. Objectives: To assess if individuals with DO exhibit elevated cardiometabolic risk compared to non-dynapenic obesity. Methods: a cross-sectional study that analyzed the data of workers from a quaternary care hospital collected between November 2018 and March 2020. Participants were stratified into the following anthropometrical and peripheral muscle strength profiles: non-obese/non-dynapenic (NOND), non-obese/dynapenic (NOD), obese/non-dynapenic (OND), and obese dynapenic (OD). Cardiovascular risk was evaluated by Atherogenic Index (AI), Plasma Atherogenic Index (PAI), Hypertriglyceridemic Waist (HW), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Atherogenic Dyslipidemia (AD), Castelli Indices I and II, and Framingham Score (FS). Results: the OD group had significantly lower HDL compared to all others (p = 0.009), and despite exhibited lower prevalence of HW compared to OND (p < 0.01), a higher cardiometabolic risk compared to OND profile was observed assessing AI (p = 0.05), Castelli I (p < 0.05) and Castelli II (p < 0.05) scores. Conclusions: in the studied population, individuals with DO exhibit elevated cardiometabolic risk compared to other anthropometrical and peripheral muscle strength profiles.

Anthropometric indices in predicting 10-year cardiovascular risk among males and females aged 40–74 years in south and southeast Asia: analysis of 12 WHO STEPS survey data

The relevance of anthropometric indices in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD risk factors is established across different countries, particularly in the high-income countries. However, past studies severely lacked representation from the south and southeast Asian countries. The main aim of this study was to determine the performance of conventional and new anthropometric indices to best predict 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in south Asian and southeast Asian populations. The present study examined data from 14,532 participants in three south Asian and 13,846 participants (all aged between 40 and 74 years) in six southeast Asian countries, drawn from twelve cross-sectional studies (WHO STEPwise approaches to NCD risk factor surveillance [STEPS] survey data from 2008 to 2019). A Predictive performance of ten anthropometric indices were examined for predicting 10-year CVD risk ≥ 10% (CVD-R ≥ 10%). The 10-year CVD-R ≥ 10% was calculated by utilising the WHO CVD risk non-laboratory-based charts. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the optimal anthropometric index. Among the ten anthropometric indices, a body shape index (ABSI), body adiposity index (BAI), body roundness index (BRI), hip index (HI), and waist-height ratio (WHtR) performed best in predicting 10-year CVD risk among south Asian males and females. Improved performances were found for ABSI, BRI, conicity index (CI), WHtR, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) for 10-year CVD-R ≥ 10% predictions among southeast Asian males. Contrastingly, among southeast Asian females, ABSI and CI demonstrated optimal performance in predicting 10-year CVD-R ≥ 10%. The performance of anthropometric indices in predicting CVD risk varies across countries. ABSI, BAI, BRI, HI, and WHtR showed better predictions in south Asians, whereas ABSI, BRI, CI, WHtR, and WHR displayed enhanced predictions in southeast Asians. None.

Comparison of obesity indicators for predicting cardiovascular risk factors and multimorbidity among the Chinese population based on ROC analysis

To date, the best obesity-related indicators (ORIs) for predicting hypertension, dyslipidaemia, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and multimorbidity are still controversial. This study assessed the ability of 17 ORIs [body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), c-index, Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE), a body shape index (ABSI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), abdominal volume index (AVI), triglyceride glucose index (TYG), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), waist triglyceride index (WTI) and cardiometabolic index (CMI)] to predict hypertension, dyslipidemia, T2DM, and multimorbidity in populations aged 40–69 years. From November 2017 to December 2022, 10,432 compliant residents participated in this study. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the ability of ORIs to predict target diseases across the whole population and genders. The DeLong test was used to analyse the heterogeneity of area under curves (AUCs). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the association of ORIs with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, T2DM, and multimorbidity. The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia, T2DM, and multimorbidity was 67.46%, 39.36%, 12.54% and 63.58%, respectively. After excluding ORIs associated with the target disease components, in the whole population, CVAI (AUC = 0.656), BMI (AUC = 0.655, not significantly different from WC and AVI), CVAI (AUC = 0.645, not significantly different from LAP, CMI, WHR, and WTI), and TYG (AUC = 0.740) were the best predictor of hypertension, dyslipidemia, T2DM, and multimorbidity, respectively (all P < 0.05). In the male population, BF% (AUC = 0.677), BMI (AUC = 0.698), CMI (AUC = 0.648, not significantly different from LAP and CVAI), and TYG (AUC = 0.741) were the best predictors (all P < 0.05). In the female population, CVAI (AUC = 0.677), CUN-BAE (AUC = 0.623, not significantly different from BF%, WC, WHR, WHtR, BRI and BMI), CVAI (AUC = 0.657, not significantly different from WHR), TYG (AUC = 0.740) were the best predictors (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for all covariates, all ORIs were significantly associated with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, T2DM, and multimorbidity (all P < 0.05), except for ABSI and hypertension and BAI and T2DM, which were insignificant. Ultimately, after considering the heterogeneity of prediction of ORIs among different populations, for hypertension, BF% was the best indicator for men and CVAI for the rest of the population. The best predictors of dyslipidaemia, T2DM, and multimorbidity were BMI, CVAI and TYG, respectively. Screening for common chronic diseases in combination with these factors may help to improve the effectiveness.

Association between a body shape index and female infertility: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and female infertility is not well understood. ABSI, a novel anthropometric measure, is gaining recognition for its ability to more accurately capture visceral fat characteristics than traditional metrics like BMI. This study aims to explore the association between ABSI and female infertility, considering its potential applications in medical screening and risk assessment.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from the NHANES from 2013 to 2020. Female infertility was assessed through reproductive health questionnaires, and ABSI was calculated using waist circumference, BMI, and height. Weighted logistic regression models and trend tests were used to evaluate the association between ABSI and female infertility. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to explore potential nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the consistency of the association across various demographic and health-related factors. Sensitivity analyses were also performed, including the exclusion of participants with missing covariate data, the application of propensity score matching, and restricting the analysis to women aged 20–45 years.ResultsThe study included 3,718 participants, 433 of whom were diagnosed with infertility. Higher ABSI was associated with an increased risk of female infertility (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.21-2.00, P = 0.001), as demonstrated by weighted logistic regression and trend tests. Women in the highest ABSI quartile had a significantly higher prevalence of infertility compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.27–2.37, P = 0.001). RCS curves indicated a linear positive relationship between ABSI and infertility risk, with a critical value at 0.079. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a positive linear relationship between ABSI and the risk of female infertility. The use of a simple, non-invasive ABSI measurement could facilitate the early identification of high-risk individuals in large-scale screenings, potentially helping to prevent or reduce the incidence of infertility.