Abdominal Obesity: A Lethal Factor in Elderly Male Osteoporosis Patients—Insights from NHANES

Abstract

Background and AimThis study aims to investigate the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) Z-score and all-cause mortality among osteoporotic patients using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods and ResultsWe analyzed NHANES data from 2005 to 2010, 2013 to 2014, and 2017 to 2018, focusing on individuals aged 50 and above with complete bone mineral density (BMD) data. The ABSI Z-score, calculated by adjusting waist circumference (WC) for height and weight, was used to independently assess abdominal fat beyond Body Mass Index (BMI). Mortality status was confirmed by linking NHANES data with the National Death Index (NDI), with follow-up until December 31, 2019. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were employed for analysis, adjusting for age, gender, race, fracture history, anti-osteoporosis treatment history, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study included 1,596 participants. Higher ABSI Z-scores were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality risk, especially among elderly male osteoporotic patients. This association remained robust after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. ConclusionThe ABSI Z-score serves as a valuable non-invasive screening tool that effectively identifies osteoporotic patients at higher risk of mortality. These findings emphasize the importance of body management in health, supporting further research to explore the practical utility of ABSI Z-score in osteoporotic patients and how body management can enhance long-term survival rates.