4th Industry Research Articles

IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DIGITAL ECONOMY ON INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4: EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH

This research investigates effects of artificial intelligence and digital economy on the 4th industry revolution from the perspective of Bangladesh. Artificial intelligence affecting the labor market both positively and negatively. Because of artificial intelligence, few existing jobs have been demolished and few new jobs have been emerged as well. Digital economy in Bangladesh is now an emerging issues with the blessings of artificial intelligence. Few employment opportunities will be created in Bangladesh because of emerging digital economy. The objective of this research is to analyze these opportunities and come out with few policy recommendations to implement towards industry revolution 4. Secondary data have been used along with recent relevant literatures to achieve the above stated objective as this is an empirical research. Ideas regarding revised national plan, financial tools, emerging digital economy in Bangladesh are the prominent outcome of this research. The policy recommendations of managing the gap between digital economy and industry revolution 4 regarding artificial intelligence could be helpful to The Government of the Peoples’ Republic of Bangladesh to implement policies.

Advanced building materials - prefabricated and modular designs as part of Construction 4.0 with a focus on transport constructions

Digital and technological innovations that have grown rapidly in recent years have been referred to as the 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. The paper comprehensively deals with the description of the Advanced building materials, Prefabricated and modular designs as part of Construction 4.0 with a focus on transport construction. The aim of the article is description of this issue comprehensively and with the help of SWOT analysis identify weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats with focus on the transport constructions. The content is complemented by an assessment of the current situation, indicating the possibility of use in practice.

Message from editors

In recent years, 4th Industrial Revolution and Industry 4.0 have swept the world and deeply influenced the development of global industry market. This movement arises wide attention to electric motor drive system which is playing an increasing important role in energy consumption transformation and environment protection.

4차 산업혁명 시대와 실용음악 교육의 방향 연구 - 교육기관과 전공생들의 인식 연구를 중심으로 -

This paper aims to help the field of practical music education respond effectively to future education systems, describes the need for education using the 4th Industrial Revolution, and studies how universities teaching practical music and students majoring in practical music in Korea perceive and prepare for the future field of practical music. The research method analyzed whether or not universities in Seoul area recognize and educate future education centered on the 4th industry through curriculum analysis, and surveyed students on practical music major in the same area about how new technologies could change if they were applied those to their majors. As a result of the study, most practical music universities did not have curricula corresponding to future education and academic convergence, and it was analyzed that students' perceptions of them were also low. However, since the MZ generation experienced metaverse through various media and games before the older generation, they were quick to recognize or understand these technologies and were able to present creative ways to effectively apply them to detailed their majors. If in the music-education field students' abilities to recognize and respond to the future market are improved, they will be able to cultivate musical talent to effectively respond to the upcoming Fourth Industrial Revolution.

DC 1500V 철도차량 급속 충방전 시스템 개발 및 적용시험

By using energy storage technology, which is attracting attention as an element technology of the 4th industry, the energy required for train driving can be quickly charged at the station and the regenerative energy generated during braking can be stored as much as possible, so station-fast-charging method has emerged. The fast charge/discharge system, which is a key electronic component of this method, must reflect the characteristics required to be applied to railway vehicles, such as weight and size restrictions due to on-board installation, interface with high power energy storage packs, and energy transfer according to operation patterns. Accordingly, this paper introduces the development case of the first 1500V fast charge/discharge system for railway vehicles and proposes an applicability test method using an actual vehicle that can confirm whether the actually manufactured fast charge/discharge system satisfies the required characteristics of station-fast-charging railway vehicles.

DECENTRALIZED ELECTRONIC VOTING USING SMART CONTRACTS (DEV-SC)

For a citizen, voting is the fundamental tool to bring change in the country for good governance, through electing suitable candidates or a party to give them the power to govern. There are many forms of elections be it in the democratic or monarch systems. Each way, the vote has the power to elect the next people’s representatives. For a long time, paper-based voting was the only system being used globally for years; after the dot-com bubble, many countries emerged with electronic voting. But the problems such as security, transparency, and integrity of elections and the voting process are still under question. The issue with paper-based voting was accessibility, voter turns around and tallies, electronic voting has its own advantages and disadvantages such as a single point of failure, trustful systems, and loopholes to forge the electronic voting systems to alter the outcomes. To solve the problems related to the electronic voting process security, integrity, and transparency, an advanced approach is required to adopt. With the advancement of technologies, 4th industry revolution technologies give us Blockchain, Distributed Ledger and Smart Contract types of technologies which may be beneficial to solve the current problems in electronic voting systems. In this paper, we proposed a research-based case study to implement Decentralized Electronic Voting using Smart Contracts (DEV-SC) to solve security, transparency, and integrity-related problems available in the electronic voting process. This will ensure and enhance the voting process easily, trustable, and verifiable.

(Invited) Building Colloidal Quantum Dot Solids for Efficient Infrared Optoelectronics

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are semiconducting nanoparticles, having quantum confinement effects and thereby rendering a strong advantage to adjust optical properties via tuning their physical structure. Therefore, CQD materials have drawn an attention as a next-generation optoelectronic material. In particular, broadband photo-response of CQD across visible to infrared enables to realize infrared luminescence, sensing, and energy conversion: essential function for the 4th industry revolutions, including autonomous driving, virtual reality (VR), Internet of Things (IoT), and smart systems. In this talk, we showcase the recent advances of CQD as infrared optoelectronics sources and discuss current limitations. We specifically describe various engineering methodology that can maximize quantum efficiency, which is a key factor in photodetection and photovoltaic. Finally, we present the future perspective of CQD-related optoelectronic research fields.

Energy Monitoring Platform: AHigh-Performance Smart Meter Data Analytics Engine

4th Industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 is a concept of factories in which machines are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors, connected to a system that can visualize the entire production line and make decisions on its own. To remain competitive, Industries or factories are one of the major factors leading to the consumption of energy. However, these industries are facing two obstacles. The first one is the low availability of energy and the other is increased cost of the current available energy. Different alternatives like Generators and Inverters have their limitations when it comes to cost and supply. The industries need to optimize the usage to stay price in check. It has become a necessity for the industries reduce energy consumption for a comparable level of activity to observe it. The platform is the answer to these problems. It is a solution that puts the client/user in control of their energy consumption by enabling live monitoring of the energy smart grid data via a dedicated online platform.

Regulation of Lifelong in Education and İts Economic, Social Benefits

Sustainability in education is important in ensuring knowledge-based and innovation-driven development and human capital reproduction. Sustainability is particular important for the prevention of some economic and social problems that may arise in the future and raising the competitiveness of the country. Sustainability - the prevention as some of economic and social problems that may arise in the future is of particular importance in raising the country's competitiveness.
 The aim of the research is to estimate the economic-social benefits of regulation of sustainability in education and to give the suggestions in the direction of the improvement of the effectiveness of the regulation.
 The impact of continuity in education on the formation and development of human capital, knowledge-based society building, labour intelligence, competitiveness and the improvement of welfare are assessed cross-country in the article. In particular, in recent years, researches and politicians have analysed the ‘4th industry’ revolution (‘Industry 4.0’) ‘the benefits and losses in the medium and long-term perspective and its interaction with the sustainability of education. Here are two issues: 1) socioeconomic disadvantages of ensuring sustainability in education, 2) socioeconomic advantages of ensuring sustainability in education. Firstly, it is analysed the impacts of increased unemployment, reduction of employment income, declining social security and welfare that will be resulted as problems on economic development. Secondly, it is analysed (ensuring in sustainability condition) the distinguished factors of rapid technological innovation, labour productivity, repatriation of human capital, raising competitiveness on the international level, innovation-based development, economic benefits of knowledge and skills.

마할라노비스 거리법을 이용한 절단 품질에 대한 연구

Social interest in the 4th industry, intelligent factories, and smart manufacturing is continually growing along with the core technologies like big data and artificial intelligence, which can generate meaningful information by collecting and accumulating sensor data. Demand for industrial automation equipment is increasing worldwide due to the efforts needed to modernize manufacturing facilities, reduce automation and cycle time, and improve quality. Currently, the majority of research is focused on the development of automation facilities and improving productivity. The research on the contents of real-time data considering the characteristics of the cutting machine plasma machine is insufficient. In this study, based on the current data measured according to cutting current and cutting speed, a reference value for cutting quality is presented and the optimal process parameter has been selected. A model for predicting cutting quality by introducing the Mahalanobis Distance Method is presented. An attempt has been made to derive selection and optimal cutting process variables. Based on the predictive model, threshold values were specified and used in real-time data to consider the correlations between multivariate variables and evaluate the degree of scattering around the average of specific values of each variable. Also, process parameters suitable for surface roughness were calculated.

Message from editors

CURRENTLY, 4th Industrial Revolution and Industry 4.0 have been the biggest move in the world from several years ago. Electrical vehicle and other electrical mobility system such as ship and aircraft, Smart factory and manufacturing have become the main issues of global industry market. Conventional power drive systems using internal combustion engine has been replaced by electric motor drive systems having high performance and ecofriendly features.

A Study on the Characteristics of the Spatial Distribution of the 4th Industry

A Study on the Characteristics of the Spatial Distribution of the 4th Industry

An Empirical Analysis of the Agglomeration Effects of the 4th Industry on Local Economy

An Empirical Analysis of the Agglomeration Effects of the 4th Industry on Local Economy

4차산업혁명 기술이 호텔기업 및 직무역량에 미치는 중요도 및 영향 관계

This purpose of this study was to investigate importance and effects on hotel enterprise and employees’capability of the 4th Industrial Technologies. An online questionnaire was distributed to the students of majoring hotel management who were taking IT courses and having experiences of visiting hotels. Data collection period was from June 1 to 15, 2020. Results showed that, first, the 4th industrial revolution technologies such as ‘Big Data’, ‘Mobile’, ‘Internet of Things’ and ‘Platform’ have a lot of influence on current hotel companies and job competency. Secondly, attitude and personality competence was the most required for the hotel company employees and the 4th industrial revolution technology applied to hotels was the most important and influenced by the hospitality service ability. In relation to personality competency, robot service technology showed a negative effect. Therefore, it is necessary to actively utilize the 4th Industrial Technology in customized services for customer satisfaction, appropriate capacity distribution of human services, and robot services.

제4차 산업 활성화를 위한 세제지원 방안

제4차 산업혁명은 빅데이터(Big Data), 인공지능(AI), 블록체인, 클라우드(Cloud) 등과 같은 다양한 기술들이 활용되어 우리의 삶을 비롯하여 기존의 산업구조에 엄청난 변화를 가져오고 있다. 기업뿐만 아니라 국가들은 제4차 산업혁명 관련 산업 및 기술 분야에 대한 적극적인 투자를 하고 있다. 그런데 제4차 산업혁명 관련 산업과 기술은 기존의 산업과 다름에도 불구하고, 현재의 정부 정책은 기존의 생산ㆍ수요ㆍ경쟁방식에 최적화되어 있어 제4차 산업혁명과 관련된 산업 및 기술 분야를 포섭하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 제4차 산업혁명에서 나타나는 산업생태계를 조성하기 위해서는 신산업의 출현에 적합하도록 제도적 여건을 개선하는 것이 필요하다. 그러므로 정부는 기업의 투자 및 연구개발을 유인하기 위해 현행법상 지원방식에 대한 전환이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 기존 산업의 세제지원 범위를 벗어나지 못하고 있는 현행 조특법에 대해 제4차 산업혁명 관련 산업 및 기술 분야를 활성화하기 위한 세제방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 먼저 현행 조특법상 신성장ㆍ원천기술 뿐만 아니라 사업화 시설에 대한 열거주의 방식은 제4차 산업혁명 관련 산업 및 기술 분야의 전체, 그리고 계속적으로 새롭게 등장하는 산업 및 기술 분야에 대응할 수 없다. 따라서 현행 세제지원방식이 연구개발 등을 뒤처지게 하는 요인으로 작용할 수 있기 때문에, 이를 제외방식(Negative System)으로 전환할 필요성이 있다. 또한 조특법상 신성장ㆍ원천기술을 사업화하기 위한 투자의 범위는 유형자산ㆍ무형자산의 투자를 포함하고 이와 관련된 서비스 이용을 통한 투자에 대해서도 확대하는 방안을 고려하여야 할 것이다. 다음으로 제4차 산업혁명에서는 소프트웨어 또는 연구소 등을 소유하지 않고 공유를 통한 연구개발, 위탁 또는 공동으로 하는 연구개발 등을 진행하는 경우가 많기 때문에, 기업의 연구개발활동을 저해하지 않도록 기업 간의 공동연구와 위탁연구에 대한 세액공제의 요건을 완화할 필요성이 있다. 그리고 현행 조특법은 제조업 관점에서 신성장 연구개발 대상기술을 규정하고 있기 때문에, 서비스산업과 관련된 서비스개발에 대한 연구개발 활동에 대해서는 세액공제를 받지 못하는 경우가 발생할 수 있다. 그러므로 제4차 산업혁명 산업과 관련된 서비스개발에 대해서도 연구개발 활동으로 인정할 필요성이 있다. 마지막으로 신성장ㆍ원천기술의 범위를 선정할 때에는 관련 전문가들이 적극적으로 참여하여 새로이 등장하는 제4차 산업혁명 관련 산업과 기술 또는 서비스가 신성장ㆍ원천기술로 선정될 수 있도록 하고, 관련 기술 등에 대한 세제지원 여부를 판단할 때에도 제4차 산업혁명과 밀접한 관련이 있는 전문가를 다수 포함시킬 필요가 있다.

부동산 거래에 부동산 블록체인의 활용에 관한 연구 - 국제 부동산 거래의 Propy 사례를 중심으로 -

The blockchain-based real estate transaction system will bring a great change to the real estate market and real estate industry in the future. In the case of Propy in the United States, which succeeded in international real estate brokerage, it is necessary to define the issues of conversion cost, data security and responsibility as a blockchain real estate transaction system as an operational barrier to the adoption of blockchain technology. Regulatory barriers include legal framework and technology transparency, the possibility of smart contract enforcement, and the right to remove records. As a social barrier, it is necessary to overcome the problems of adopting innovative technologies in the blockchain real estate transaction system, changing the real estate transaction organization, public rejection, and problems with PropTech and Blockchain data ethics. In order to improve these problems and settle blockchain-based real estate transactions, a lot of preparations must be made, such as enactment of laws, changes in institutions, changes in national consciousness, provisions of ownership and tax laws, and establishment of operational jurisdiction. In order to maximize the impact of the value chain due to changes in the 4th industry, both countries, businesses, and citizens must establish and accept strategies for change. Propy's implications should be reflected in order to successfully settle a blockchain real estate transaction pilot project currently being promoted by the government.

KEY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES OF INDUSTRY 4.0

In the last ten years, three new information technologies have emerged, representing the realization of old (by the time of emergence) theoretical concepts, but new in creativity and innovation, as well as incredible potential for the realization of revolutionary ideas and changes in all areas of human activity, which by one name they call 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. They are: Big Data Analytics technology, Cloud Computing and Blockchain technology. Each of them individually represents the realization of new paradigms of computer data processing, which could not be practically implemented until the development of information and communication technologies, especially the Internet, Web applications, new operating systems, network technologies, mobile telephony, technologies of advancement of hardware performances, internet of things, etc. The primary aim of this paper is to get acquainted with the characteristics of these technologies and their potentials, their advantages and disadvantages in relation to traditional technologies, identification of areas and ways of their both current and future applications. The ultimate goal is to explain the incredible potential of these technologies, creating the foundation for their combined application in the creation of new Industry 4.0 products, which should result in a synergistic effect.

3D printers as part of Construction 4.0 with a focus on transport constructions

Digital and technological innovations that have grown rapidly in recent years have been referred to as the 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. The paper comprehensively deals with the description of the 3D printers as part of Construction 4.0 with a focus on transport construction. The aim of the article is description of this issue comprehensively and with the help of SWOT analysis identify weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats with focus on the transport constructions. The content is complemented by an assessment of the current situation, indicating the possibility of use in practice.

A Corpus-Based Study of Heteroglossic Features in 2018 BRICS Talk from the Perspective of Engagement System

Under the guidance of engagement system, which belongs to appraisal theory, this study analyzes data from 2018 BRICS talk through both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative approach is used to find out the list, characteristics and frequency of engagement resources of the speakers’ utterance. Qualitative approach is employed to explore what interpersonal meaning it implies and how speakers position their own voices among the multi-voices. The results show that the theme of 2018 BRICS talk is about cooperation, development, unilateralism, protectionism, and opportunity for BRICS. With regard to engagement resources, expansion resources are used much more frequently than contraction resources. Furthermore, most of the speakers prefer entertain resources, especially, median and low value of modality resources. Within contraction sub-system, speakers are more willing to use disclaim rather than proclaim to contract dialogic space because proclaim may present more obvious subjective intervention. The engagement distribution features do present interpersonal meaning of BRICS members. On one hand, speakers tend to open up the dialogic space and welcome different opinions from other BRICS members, which indicates that a harmonious discussion atmosphere is established in 2018 BRICS talk. Moreover, median and low values of modality make it easier for audience to accept their points of view and helpful to establish solidarity with other BRICS members because high value modality is sort of assertive. On the other hand, the 2018 BRICS Talk is about sensitive political issues including protectionism, unilateralism and the 4th industry revolution. Therefore, opinions on those topics unavoidably differ from each other. In such cases, speakers prefer to use disclaim resources to reject others’ opinion so as to make clear their own points of view.

유도가열을 이용한 DME (Direct Melting Extrusion) 방식의 금속3D프린팅에 관한 연구

The 3D printing market is growing rapidly as it enters the 4th industry; metal 3D printing, in particular, is showing remarkable growth. However, the market for metal 3D printing has become monopolistic due to its prevalence in developed countries. The cause of this is the expensive equipment and metal powder material it requires; as such, it is difficult to popularize metal 3D printers. In light of this, we have studied direct melting extrusion (DME) metal 3D printing technology using induction heating to solve this problem. DME metal 3D printing does not use expensive equipment and powder form materials. If these technologies are researched and developed, they can potentially lead the metal 3D printing market.