YUNUS EMRE DİVANI’NDA OKAZYONELLİĞİN OLGUSAL TEZAHÜRÜNÜN TARİHİ-KARŞILAŞTIRMALI SUNUMU («Karaman» nüshası bağlamında)

Abstract

There are many personalities who stand out with their services in the world arena. Many of these people, who have different creative aspects, are also masters of words. It is also a fact that their services do not end with the literary and artistic language examples they leave to future generations. More importantly, with their unique works, they inform us about the phonetic, lexical, morphological and syntactic landscape of our language at that time. All this is learned in a silent language by going back to the past and passed on to future generations. Although artistic examples that do not go unnoticed by the researcher cover all language levels, historical lexicography is particularly interesting among these language levels. As a result, we have close and comprehensive information about the ways of enriching the vocabulary of Turkish at that time. One of such artists is the 13th century poet, prominent thinker of his time Yunus Emre. The study of Yunus Emre's vocabulary generally reveals the historical and lexical picture of the 13th century Turkish language. He is a Sufi poet of his time. As one of the leading representatives of the philosophy of Sufism, Yunus Emre not only brings the word into communication with its etymonic meaning, but also presents it by defining the new meaning of the word that he later brought to the word. In this way, the poet “proves” that he did not spare his skills and efforts to enrich the vocabulary of the language. Of course, the close connection between language and thought plays a solid role in the creation of a new vocabulary. All this is possible due to the factual reliance on the word while following the poet's creative heritage. In this enrichment, it has been determined as a result of the research that especially the lexical-semantic word groups, especially the words in the synonymy dimension, the words expressing the opposite concepts and the lexical language examples that have spelling parallels but are semantically differentiated exhibit a special weight. Particularly interesting is the scientific analysis of the lexical units recorded in the language of Yunus Emre’s works, providing a factual presentation and confirmation of the enrichment of the language’s vocabulary through homonyms. Keywords: Historical Lexicography, Vocabulary, Semantics, Homonyms, Archaisms, Phonoform