Wx gene polymorphism in winter triticale collection samples

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to identify the collection of winter triticale in the allelic state of the waxi-genes and to identify sources with the presence of waxi-alleles for these genes. The surveys were conducted over 2017–2019 at the NSc Institute of Agriculture. The subject of the research are 43 collection samples of winter triticale, 29 of which are numbers of own breeding, 14 – breeding varieties of the National Institute of Agriculture of NAAS (9) and scientifi c institutions of Poland (1) and the Russian Federation (4). For control, we used soft winter waxy-wheat Sofi yka and wheat with wild of starch Oksana. Field, laboratory (infrared spectrometry, light microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) methods, weights and mathematical and statistical methods of research were used to evaluate the collection material. According to the results of molecular genetic analysis of the Wx gene polymorphism in the winter triticale collection samples, it was found that all the tested samples had wild type alleles according to the Wx-B1 gene and were characterized by the absence of the Wx-D1 gene. The Wx-A1 gene revealed samples with both wild-type alleles and presence in the genome of the wax-allele. 8 collections with Wx-A1 gene alleles were selected: selection numbers 141, 153, 201, 223, 229 and varieties Lubomir, Petrol and Poliskii 7. The selected samples varied signifi cantly in terms of such characteristics as grain productivity, weight of 1000 grains, starch content. The tendency to decrease the size of the granules and increase the evenness of the granulometric structure of the starch in the samples with the presence of the wax-allele of the Wx-A1 gene was established. Wx-A1 gene allele samples are valuable starting material for the creation of new winter triticale varieties with increased amylopectin starch suitable for bioethanol processing. Key words: winter triticale, bioethanol, starch, polymerase chain reaction, amylopectin, amylose, allelic state of wax genes, waxi-allele, wild type.