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Abstract
Planetary gear trains can work differently, namely, with F=1 degree of freedom, i.e. as reducers or multipliers, and also with F=2 degrees of freedom, i.e. as differentials. Moreover, with a two-motor drive they work as a summation planetary gear train and with a one-motor drive, they work as a division planetary gear train. The most popular application of planetary gear trains is as a differential which is bevel and is produced globally in millions of pieces. Some of the cylindrical planetary gear trains can also be used as differentials. Although less often, they are used in heavy wheeled and chain vehicles such as trailer trucks, tractors and tanks. They are also very suitable for lifting machines with a two-motor drive which provides maximum security for the most responsible cranes, such as the metallurgical ones. Initially the paper presents some simple, i.e. single-carrier cylindrical planetary gear trains, both with external and internal meshing, driven by 2 motors. Their kinematic capabilities and velocity, respectively, are considered to realize the necessary gear ratio. Finally, the case of a compound two-carrier planetary gear train is considered, which is composed of 2 simple planetary gear trains. This shows that not only the simple planetary gear trains, i.e. the single-carrier ones, can work as differentials.
Highlights
When it comes to differentials, no doubt what usually comes to mind is the automobile differential (Fig. 1, а), which is by definition bevel and produced annually worldwide in millions of pieces by the automotive industry
The car differential is characterized by a single motor drive and it operates as a division gear train
The movement that the carrier receives from the motor is split towards the two executive elements – the two driving wheels. There is another type of differential, the cylindrical differential, which, less often, is used in vehicles (Fig. 1, b), and there. Both types of differentials are referred to as symmetrical, since they transmit the same torques from the carrier to the two shafts connected to the two central gear wheels, which drive the two wheels or tracks of the respective vehicle – trailer trucks, tractors and tanks
Summary
When it comes to differentials, no doubt what usually comes to mind is the automobile differential (Fig. 1, а), which is by definition bevel and produced annually worldwide in millions of pieces by the automotive industry. The movement that the carrier receives from the motor is split towards the two executive elements – the two driving wheels. There is another type of differential, the cylindrical differential, which, less often, is used in vehicles (Fig. 1, b), and there. These differentials are used to provide maximum security in lifting equipment, in metallurgical cranes, etc. In such cases, these differentials are driven by a two-motor drive, i.e. they work as a summation gear train. The two motors most often have the same power and angular velocity, so that in case of failure of one of the motors, the other one continues to work with reduced velocity
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