Abstract
As the ultimate building blocks of the universe, the limit structureless quark u∞ and its anti-quark are considered at the infinite sublayer level of the quark model. Then CP is violated in the doublet of u∞ and u∞CP quarks to account for the asymmetry of the number of particles and anti-particles. This CP violation is explained by a SU(2) noncommutative geometry. The second, third and fourth generation quarks are considered only as the excited states of the first generation u∞ and u∞CP quarks. The fourth generation quarks are derived from both CPT transformation and the SU(2)L×U(1) gauge theory. The dark matter, quarks, leptons, gauge bosons and Higgs bosons are composed of only the u∞ and u∞CP quarks and the cosmological constant in Einstein’s field equation is also derived from the Higgs potential. Thus, the limit particle u∞ and its anti-particle u∞CP are the ultimate particles of the universe and produced thermally in the hot early universe of the Big Bang.
Highlights
The present author has proposed an infinite sub-layer quark model [1] and showed that there exists an infinite number of non-baryonic and half-electric charged u∞ and u∞cp quarks at an infinite sub-layer level
It is shown that there exists an infinite number of ultimate quarks u∞ and u∞CP as the ultimate building blocks of the universe
The existence of u∞ and u∞CP quarks is confirmed by the electron-positron experiments in high energy physics
Summary
The present author has proposed an infinite sub-layer quark model [1] and showed that there exists an infinite number of non-baryonic and half-electric charged u∞ and u∞cp quarks at an infinite sub-layer level. In a previous paper [3], we proposed the non-baryonic and exotic quark u∞ as an excellent candidate for non-baryonic cold dark matter to comprise the universe, since they are absolutely stable and the non-baryonic particles with the baryon number 0. In this model, a pair of an infinite number of u∞ and u∞CP quarks can be produced thermally in the hot early universe of the Big Bang and form the nucleons, and leave approximately the right relic abundance to account for the observed dark matter. This prescription of the quantization by path-integral representation without the gravitational field is suggested from our published paper [11] and our published book [12]
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