Abstract
PMMA (Poly methyl methacrylate) is considered one of the most commonly used materials in denture base fabrication due to its ideal properties. Although, a major problem with this resin is the frequent fractures due to heavy chewing forces which lead to early crack and fracture in clinical use. The addition of nanoparticles as filler performed in this study to enhance its selected mechanical properties. The Nano-additive effect investigated in normal circumstances and under a different temperature during water exposure. First, tests applied on the prepared samples at room temperature and then after exposure to water bath at (20, 40, 60) C° respectively. SEM, PSD, EDX were utilized for samples evaluation in this study. Flexural strength, shear stress, hardness value were evaluated for all samples, the tests applied periodically at (15, 30, 45) min. Interestingly, it is found that at the normal condition (NC) the cooperation of TiO2 NPs significantly improves the selected properties. The maximum increase is located at 4 wt % of TiO2 NPs addition. The results also showed that temperature increase accelerate the water permeability within all samples thus decrease the mechanical properties. Obviously, a better hardness value determined for the prepared nanocomposite comparing to the control group at the same test condition.
Highlights
For several years, PMMA is considered as a major substance for denture base fabrication process[1]
This paper presents an experimental study on Flexural strength and (ShoreD) hardness of PMMA before and after reinforcement with TiO2 NPs in the range of (2 and 4) wt. %
It was hard to clarify the size and TiO2 NPs embedded in the polymer matrix, therefor Particle Size Distribution (PSD) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis observations were performed on the samples
Summary
PMMA is considered as a major substance for denture base fabrication process[1] This polymer dose not possess enough strength to resist fracture in case of a sudden falls on a tough surface or breaks after submitting to over forces of mastication 2-4. During the time frequent biting endues deformation effect, which represents another kind of failure[5]. Since it is used in this application, there were many researches who attempt to enhance this acrylic resin mechanical properties such as flexural strength, impact resistance, hardness and other important feature[4,6,7,8,9]. Several studies were introduced to improve the properties of PMMA like flexural strength or hardness, shear strength and tensile strength for dental use by the addition of different fillers like glass fibres 4,11, whiskers[12] nylon or even using blend polymers mixture
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