Variation in Dynamic Postural Control with Hip Strength Deficit in Young Adults

Abstract

Background: Balance is a critical component of human movement and stability, particularly in young adults. The relationship between hip muscle strength and dynamic postural control, as measured by the Y Balance Test (YBT), has been the subject of various studies, yet the extent of this correlation remains not fully understood. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the variation in dynamic postural control with hip strength deficits in young adults. It sought to understand the correlation between hip muscle strength and dynamic balance, as well as to explore gender differences in balance performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 medical students from Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, aged 18-35 years. Participants with no lower extremity ailments or general health issues were included. The Y Balance Test and Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) were used for data collection. Strength was graded manually, and balance was assessed through the YBT, which involved forward, medial backward, and lateral backward movements. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with the Mann-Whitney U test applied to assess significant differences. Results: The study revealed significant gender differences in YBT scores, with males showing greater composite reach distances in both dominant (Mean Rank: Males = 46.05, Females = 23.29, P = .00) and non-dominant sides (Mean Rank: Males = 44.95, Females = 23.80, P = .00). However, no significant differences were observed in the YBT scores across grades 4 and 5 in various hip muscle groups (P > 0.05 in all comparisons). Conclusion: The study confirms significant gender differences in dynamic postural control but does not establish a strong correlation between hip muscle strength and balance performance. These findings suggest that other factors, such as training and physical attributes, may play a more significant role in balance. This research contributes to the understanding of balance dynamics in young adults and can guide the development of targeted training and rehabilitation programs.