Abstract
Thermodynamic properties of a relativistic Fermi gas in any dimensional space are studied, in which the influence of particle–antiparticle pair production is taken into account. It is shown that relativistic effects cannot be ignored even at very low temperatures for the system with the Compton wavelength of a particle comparable with the average distance between particles. The pair production results in some novel characteristics, which include the asymptotic behavior of the chemical potential and the rapid increase in the heat capacity with temperature in the high temperature regions, etc.
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