Theoretical aspects regarding the use of autologous and allogeneic septal cartilage transplantation in rhinologic surgical procedures

Abstract

The study examines the use of autologous and allogeneic septal cartilage transplantation in rhinoplasty and rhi­no­sep­to­plasty. Innovative surgical techniques such as endoscopic and open septal cartilage harvesting were examined, high­ligh­ting advantages such as faster postoperative re­co­very and better visualization of nasal anatomy, as well as dis­ad­van­tages such as a steep learning curve and com­pli­ca­tions as­so­cia­ted with endoscopic manipulation. The postoperative out­­comes of patients undergoing rhinoplasty with auto­lo­gous car­ti­lage implants showed increased satisfaction re­gar­ding na­sal esthetic appearance and functionality. Re­gar­ding al­lo­ge­neic cartilage transplantation, risks of re­jec­tion and in­fec­tion were highlighted. Future perspectives in sep­tal car­ti­lage transplantation included improving surgical tech­­niques and optimizing outcomes, as well as exploring the use of innovative materials and technologies for cartilage tissue regeneration and remodeling. Aspects related to the in­te­gra­tion and revitalization of transplanted cartilage were studied in detail, including processes of angiogenesis, cel­lular colonization, and extracellular matrix biosynthesis. Sur­geons’ preferences regarding the use of autologous or al­lo­ge­neic cartilage were examined, highlighting the reasons and criteria underlying their choices. In conclusion, cartilage trans­plants are effective and safe in rhinologic surgical inter­ven­tions, although the study has limitations related to source avai­la­bi­lity and methodological variability.