Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the serum vitamin D level and the severity of bronchiolitis in infants. Materials and Methods: The population of this descriptive-analytical study included all infants within the age range of 1 month to 24 months old with bronchiolitis hospitalized in Bandar Abbas children’s hospital in 2018-2019. According to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, patients were entered in the study and diagnosed with bronchiolitis by a pediatric infectious disease specialist. Then, their serum levels of vitamin D were measured as well. Results: Of the 85 patients, 62.4% and 37.6% were males and females, respectively. The mean serum level of vitamin D was 29.74±13.44 ng/mL. In addition, the mean age in groups with mild-, moderate-, and severe-intensity was 9.27±4.52 months, 5.12±3.95 months, and 3.16±1.16 months (P<0.001), respectively. Further, the Spearman’s correlation between age and serum vitamin D levels was r = 0.05 (P<0.001). Based on the results, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean age in the two study groups (P<0.001). Finally, a statistically significant association was found between the severity of bronchiolitis and vitamin D status (P=0.007). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, more than half of the infants admitted to the diagnosis of bronchiolitis had insufficient serum levels of vitamin D. There was also a significant association between the severity of bronchiolitis and serum vitamin D levels.
Highlights
Acute lower respiratory tract infection, primary pneumonia, and bronchiolitis are the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years of age in developing countries [1]
In more than 50% of cases, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the cause of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children [8,9,10], and almost all children have the serological evidence of the RSV infection at the age of 2 [11, 12]
22 (25.9%), 57 (67.05%), and 6 (7.05%) infants were in the group with mild, moderate, and severeintensity bronchiolitis, respectively
Summary
Acute lower respiratory tract infection, primary pneumonia, and bronchiolitis are the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years of age in developing countries [1]. Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection of viral origin in infants [2]. It causes the inflammatory obstruction of small airways [3] and is common in children under two years of age, especially in 2 to 8 months of age [4]. According to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, patients were entered in the study and diagnosed with bronchiolitis by a pediatric infectious disease specialist Their serum levels of vitamin D were measured as well. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, more than half of the infants admitted to the diagnosis of bronchiolitis had insufficient serum levels of vitamin D.
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