THE PROBLEMS OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CHURCH AND THE STATE

Abstract

Problem setting. The society is a kind of rather complex, dynamically differentiated and social systems characterized by integrity, stability and ability of self-development, as well as existence of special social norms and values that ensure its functioning. At same time, high importance for regulation of social is played by law and because particular these elements determine normal of functioning of society as a whole and a person in it. According to this, special attention is paid to issue of between law and religion. After Revolution of Dignity, our is undergoing process of national revival, a return to implementation of idea of ruining national, legal and ideological system, taking into account traditional and origins of law. Thus, nowadays there are intensified efforts to determine connection of law with norms, laws of spiritual development of society. This necessitates need for comprehensive research, characteristics of between church and state, because norms, through which regulation of certain spheres of public life is carried out, have not become subject of research by scholars in many areas: lawyers, sociologists, philosophers, etc. This study was especially relevant as a result of conflict between Ukrainian Orthodox churches of Kyiv and Moscow Patriarchate, which gained much publicity in January 2018. That is why problems of relationships between church and are gaining high importance. Recent research and publications analysis. Under modern conditions, problems of relationship between church and state, in particular, its sociological, philosophical, moral and legal aspects, are subject of a study by a number of scholars. Among them we can distinguish following: O. M. Bandurka, D. O. Vovk, I. I. Dakhova, P. M. Rabinovich, I. V. Ryabko, G. L. Sergienko, Yu.I. Fisun, S.V. Shevchuk, L.V. Yarmol and others. Without diminishing role and significance of these scholars' achievements, we believe that issue under study remains very relevant in nowadays' conditions. The purpose of article is to address problematic sociological and philosophical and legal aspects of between church and state. Paper main body. At beginning of article is emphasized that and religion are those institutions that have same important influence on a person. But between church bears not a simple nature, therefore, authors reveal content of church-state relations. It should be mentioned that the state-church relations is a concept that was formed by combining two established concepts - and church. And if term state is agreed by vast majority of scholars. Regarding term religion, there is a number of constitutional terms that serve to define term religious organization. These terms are proportional to variety of names that they have acquired over a long process of development. In bosom of Christian for example, everywhere name Church is adopted. Other communities use names such as religious organization, association, society. Today, definition of concept of state-church is dominant - is a certain system of ties and relations, in which various issues related to activity of authorities and church, regulation of legal status of church are solved. Subsequently, authors disclose content of basic principles and fundamental models of interaction between and society. The model is called model of ideal by authors. In Ukraine, cooperation of and church is carried out on a constitutional basis and based on norms of current legislation, in particular Law of Ukraine On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations. The experience of Poland is interesting in between and church. Despite communist past and forced atheism, Poland remains today a country with a strongly represented tradition, which, of course, affects between and church in educational sphere. Teaching religion in schools is only with consent of parents, and process of teaching is controlled by itself, church and public organizations. Conclusions of research. Thus, after studying problematic aspects of between church and state, we came to conclusion that state-church are one of types of social characterized by level of interconnections of church, associations, movements and other organizations with state, degree of their interrelation as well as universal human principles. In our opinion, most perfect way of between church and is model of liberal neutrality, which consists of complete neutrality of church, its elimination from socio-political sphere of society and complete separation of church and state. Although example of Poland shows that, under modern conditions, model of concordat is also relevant. Therefore, we can that throughout life this question will always be relevant, because problems of between and church are an eternal problems.