Abstract
The implementation and development of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) have been limited by the clogging attributed to physical, chemical, and biological reactions. In application field of MAR, physical clogging is usually the dominant type. Although numerous studies on the physical clogging mechanism during MAR are available, studies on the more detailed suspended clogging types and its prediction methods still remain few. In this study, a series of column experiments were inducted to show the process of suspended solids clogging process. The suspended solids clogging was divided into three types of surface clogging, inner clogging and mixed clogging based on the different clogging characteristics. Surface clogging indicates that the suspended solids are intercepted by the medium surface when suspended solids grain diameter is larger than pore diameter of infiltration medium. Inner clogging indicates that the suspended solids particles could transport through the infiltration medium. Mixed clogging refers to the comprehensive performance of surface clogging and inner clogging. Each suspended solids clogging type has the different clogging position, different changing laws of hydraulic conductivity and different deposition profile of suspended solids. Based on the experiment data, the ratio of effective medium pore diameter (Dp) and median grain size of suspended solids (d50) was proposed as the judgment index for suspended solids clogging types. Surface clogging occurred while Dp/d50 was less than 5.5, inner clogging occurred while Dp/d50 was greater than 180, and mixed clogging occurred while Dp/d50 was between 5.5 and 180. In order to improve the judgment accuracy and applicability, Bayesian method, which considered more ratios of medium pore diameter (Dp) and different level of grain diameter of suspended solids (di), were developed to predict the potential suspended solids types.
Highlights
With the background of global water scarcity, actively promoting water reuse and excess water storage technology helps solve the problem of groundwater and surface water shortage attributed to uncertain climatic factors
Surface clogging indicates that the suspended solids are intercepted by the medium surface when suspended solids grain diameter is larger than pore diameter of infiltration medium (Figure 3a)
Inner clogging indicates that the suspended solids particles could transport through the infiltration medium
Summary
With the background of global water scarcity, actively promoting water reuse and excess water storage technology helps solve the problem of groundwater and surface water shortage attributed to uncertain climatic factors. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is one of the most effective methods to augment the groundwater resources [1,2,3]. It may form part of conjunctive use schemes, or be applied to increase water availability and improve water quality. Conventional recharge water resources including native groundwater, potable water and surface water were primarily used in MAR. Improvements to water quality via MAR have been demonstrated to reduce organic matter [5,6], trace organic compounds [7], nitrogen [8]. The water quality change and its related health risks still are the main topics for MAR researches
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