Abstract
While the region of the Middle and Lower Xingu has been a protagonist during many episodes of Brazilian history, it remains unknown to a large cross-section of society. Within this perspective, we have revealed some of the different elements responsible for the production of regional space by joining theoretical exercise with empirical, which signifies combining some of the knowledge that has been produced on the region with the discourse of some of the different agents involved in its transformation. Accordingly, the following processes were adopted as markers: colonization, the opening of the Trans-Amazonian, land conflicts and the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. As part of this collective effort, based on interviews with the central institutions (from the First, Second and Third sectors), and with communities from different locations within the region, this article gathers together arguments that contribute to the debate regarding the accumulated processes in the Brazilian Amazon, and particularly in the Middle and Lower Xingu.
Highlights
In the Brazilian Amazon, in the Middle and Lower Xingu regions, the axis of coexistence described by SANTOS (2012), produced by an overlapping asynchrony of various historical moments, is crystallized in a manner that reflects a wide range of situations and conflicts
Its space, which attests to the decisions of different agents, currently combines elements that start from a local level towards the global, by allowing “the same people to have different moments of their life crossed, sometimes in a single day, by different temporalities of history” (MARTINS, 1997, p. 28, author’s translation)
From the foreign domination that began in the seventeenth century, through to the military dictatorship and the different Brazilian democratic governments, the Middle and Lower Xingu region has always been viewed as a peripheral space of the capitalist world
Summary
In the Brazilian Amazon, in the Middle and Lower Xingu regions, the axis of coexistence described by SANTOS (2012), produced by an overlapping asynchrony of various historical moments, is crystallized in a manner that reflects a wide range of situations and conflicts. This is intended to outline the coordination of different perspectives, as well as to provide focus to subjects or organizations that often remain invisible As part of this collective effort, based on interviews with central institutions (First, Second and Third sectors) and with communities from different localities in the region, this article brings together arguments that contribute to the debate regarding the accumulated processes in the Brazilian Amazon, those in the Middle and Lower Xingu. In order to obtain a better understanding of the manner in which the different organizational agents in the Middle and Lower Xingu perform, fieldwork was first carried out during the period from June 19th to July 2nd, 2014, at institutions in the First, Second and Third sectors, based in the municipalities of Altamira (Table 1)4 In this phase, quantitative (when available) and qualitative information were collected on the attributions of different institutions, their historical performance, ideological position, main challenges and projections of future scenarios for the region. Institution Municipal Secretariat of Planning (SEPLAN) Secretariat of Labor and Social Security Municipal Secretariat of Education (SEMED) Municipal Secretariat of Environmental Management and Tourism (SEMAT) Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS) Center for Social and Psychological Assistance for Migrants (NASPM) The Living, Producing an Preserving Foundation (FVPP) Xingu Prelature The Altamira Rural Workers Union (STTR) Pastoral Land Commission (CPT)
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