The Investigation of English, Russian and Kazakh Computer Terms Borrowings to be Acquired at English Class

Abstract

This study is an attempt to analyze the terms related to Software and its components in the English, Kazakh and Russian languages and the difficulties of their acquisition in English class to benefit for students on Computer science major so that they can absorb more knowledge and information while listening. In this lexical-semantic group all software programs are included, such as different computer programs, operating systems, files, documents and attachments. Next, the investigation was based on the dictionary of computer studies and Russian-English-Kazakh polytechnic dictionary and in the end terms were sorted out from them. Further, to analyze computer terms, classification of Tabanakova (2007) was chosen, because of its convenience, so computer terms were divided into the following ways of borrowing: English terms (untranslatable terms), transcription/transliteration, semantic equivalents, calques (loan translation). Findings from the study revealed that in the Kazakh and Russian languages, 3 ways of borrowing have almost the same quantity of terms, but the most widely used means in Kazakh is semantic equivalents and in Russian transcription/transliteration. This paper concludes that the Kazakh language tries to give equivalents to most terms, that is why the dominating means in the lexical-semantic group “Software” is semantic equivalents. In addition, the means of borrowing are changed nowadays, before they were transcription/transliteration, but now they use such means as semantic equivalents or calques. Finally, the authors try to develop educational technologies to best effect, as well as create an effective employability culture.