The Impact of Tram Track Fastening Systems on Noise Level

Abstract

The paper presents the results of measurements of noise levels caused by traffic (tram and road traffic) in Drziceva Street in Zagreb (Croatia). Noise level measurements were conducted in cooperation with the City Office for Construction and the Zagreb Streetcar Company (ZET). The tram track in Drziceva Street represents one of the main connecting routes between the northern and southern parts of the city (a length of approximately 4km). The tram tracks are in a separate traffic area. They have been laid on a continuous concrete base and covered with crushed stone. The greater part of the tram track was constructed using the Zg 3/2 system (a direct elastic fastening system), whereas the remainder of the tram track was constructed using the DEPP system (indirect elastic fastening system). Noise level measurements were conducted at two measuring points (one measuring point was chosen for each of the fastening systems). Short-term noise level measurements were executed: two measurements in the daytime period (morning and afternoon), one measurement in the evening and one in the nighttime period. Speed and tram types were taken into consideration during result analysis, as well as geometrical irregularities of the rail running surfaces, the number and category of road vehicles and noise level protection measures already implemented. The conducted measurements have served to compare tram track fastening systems with noise level propagation when trams communicate the route. The results of the research have been of assistance in defining the extent of tram impact on noise level increase (dependent on type and speed of these) in comparison with that of road vehicles communicating the very same route. For the covering abstract see ITRD E129315.