The graded identities of upper triangular matrices of size two

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

Let UT 2 be the algebra of 2×2 upper triangular matrices over a field F. We first classify all possible gradings on UT 2 by a group G. It turns out that, up to isomorphism, there is only one non-trivial grading and we study all the graded polynomial identities for such algebra. In case F is of characteristic zero we give a complete description of the space of multilinear graded identities in the language of Young diagrams through the representation theory of the hyperoctahedral group. We finally establish a result concerning the rate of growth of the identities for such algebra by proving that its sequence of graded codimensions has almost polynomial growth.