The Association Between Knowledge, Attitudes, and Smoking Practice with Relating Factors in a Junior High School

Deni Gunawan,Dwi Jani,Nawanto Agung Prastowo

doi:10.19184/ikesma.v16i2.18634

Abstract

Smoking habit in adolescents has been increasing recently. Some factors are associated with the smoking habit. However, there are lacks of information regarding influencing factors to smoking habit in the adolescent. The study aimed to examine how knowledge, attitudes, practice, and other factors play a role in adolescents' smoking. There were 381 female and male students of a junior high school in Jakarta who participated. Influencing factors were knowledge, attitudes, practice, social influence, anti-smoking campaigns. The association between factors was analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Most students had better knowledge, attitude, and practice. Only two students smoked cigarettes (0.5%). Gender was significantly associated with knowledge (p=0.048), social influence (p=0.000), an anti-smoking campaign (p=0.024). Knowledge had an association with social influence (p=0.002) and anti-smoking campaign (p=0.000), whereas attitudes with practice smoking (p=0.005) and anti-smoking campaign (p=0.000). Social influence was also associated with the anti-smoking campaign (p=0.000). In conclusion, students of Permai junior high school had good knowledge, attitudes, and practice of smoking. There are associations between factors that contribute to smoking habit in adolescents.

Highlights

Cigarettes have become an essential and significant health problem for smokers and those exposed to inhaling cigarette smoke
Infants and young children exposed to cigarettes are having a higher risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), pneumonia, bronchitis, pneumonia, and tend to develop asthma attacks (U.S.Department of Health and Human Services, 2014; U.S Department of Health and Human Services, 2010; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013; Pirie, et al, 2013; U.S Department of Health and Human Services, 2010; Jha, et al, 2013)
A study demonstrated that smokers die at ten years younger and mortality rates in middle age are higher than non-smokers (Doll, et al, 2004)

Summary

Introduction

Cigarettes have become an essential and significant health problem for smokers and those exposed to inhaling cigarette smoke (passive smokers). Smoking causes numerous diseases and health problems, which affects almost all organ systems. Chronic lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema, heart disease, fetal disorders and pregnancy, fertility and impotence disorders, malignant diseases such as lung cancer, mouth cancer, pharynx cancer, and nasal cavity cancer, are often associated with smoking. Mortality in smokers is reported to be higher, while life expectancy is lower than non-smokers. A study demonstrated that smokers die at ten years younger and mortality rates in middle age are higher than non-smokers (Doll, et al, 2004)

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