The application of ERP paradigms in clinical and non-clinical research

Abstract

This comprehensive review paper examines the utilization of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) in both clinical and non-clinical research. ERPs serve as valuable electrophysiological measures for studying neural activity associated with cognitive processes, offering high temporal accuracy and noninvasive observation of brain responses. The paper explores the benefits, challenges, and limitations of employing ERP paradigms in research. Technical expertise is necessary due to factors such as low signal-to-noise ratio and potential artifacts. These limitations must be addressed to ensure robust experimental design and accurate interpretation of findings. The review investigates the diverse applications of ERPs in clinical research, particularly in neurological and psychiatric conditions, where ERPs contribute to understanding underlying neural mechanisms and potential biomarkers. Additionally, non-clinical research areas, such as language processing and attentional mechanisms, are examined for their insights into cognitive processes. The current state of the field is discussed, with a focus on potential future directions. Technological advancements, including signal processing techniques, electrode design, and data analysis methods, are identified as areas for further development to improve the reliability and ease of use of ERP paradigms. It generally highlights the significance of ERPs as a powerful tool in cognitive neuroscience research. By examining their applications, challenges, and future prospects, the paper emphasizes the need for continued technological advancements to fully unlock the potential of ERPs in both research and clinical settings.