Abstract
AbstractThis quantitative theory of the emulsion and the mechanisms of exposure and development is based on Tamm's quantum-mechanical theory of surface conduction. Photo-electrons fall from the conduction band into one or other of two conducting surfaces—that of the silver halide crystal and that of an adsorbed layer of silver iodide—giving rise respectively to the internal and external images. Directly two electrons are present in a surface a “sub-centre” is produced which can be augmented by further electrons acting singly. In the case of the external image one electron suffices to“build-up” the sub-centre to a readily developed “centre”: but access to the sub-centre is not immediate. Several sub-centres, slow to develop, may be formed before a centre appears, causing high intensity reciprocity failure. Low intensity reciprocity failure is attributed to the presence in the colloid of sub-microscopic crystals, the surface of each acting as a single electron trap. The loss in this manner of a final electr...
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