Abstract
An analysis to the characteristics of Co, Mg and Cu ferrites that were prepared using sol–gel method and annealed at [Formula: see text]C for 1 hour, performed using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy for structural characteristics, while the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), was used for the magnetic characteristics. The X-ray analysis of both cobalt and magnesium ferrites shows a reverse crystal structure of a cubic spinel, while copper ferrite shows a tetragonal crystal structure characteristic at this annealing temperature. The lattice constant (a) was found to be [Formula: see text] for CoFe2O4, [Formula: see text] for MgFe2O4 and [Formula: see text] for CuFe2O4. The Raman spectrum confirms a spinel crystalline form of the prepared ferrites where a likely distribution of cation is indicated at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The peaks of the Raman shift appear between 200–800[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. These peaks indicate the formation of ferrites. The hysteresis loop of CoFe2O4 indicates a hard magnet material. Cu ferrites have relatively lower remnants and magnetocrystalline anisotropy, which indicates soft magnetic characteristics even though it showed higher coercivity. The squareness ratio (Mr/Ms) values varied between 0.52, 0.13 and 0.57 for CoFe2O4, MgFe2O4 and CuFe2O4, respectively. These insights highlight the possibility of tuning the properties of ferrites using a cost-effective sol–gel method.
Published Version
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