Study on clinical characteristic and outcomes of primary lung cancer combined with venous thromboembolism

Abstract

Objective To observe the clinical characteristic and prognosis of primary lung cancer patients with venous thromboembolism(VTE). Methods 589 primary lung cancer patients were selected and divided into VTE group(n= 49)and non VTE group(n= 540).49 cases with VTE were divided into pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE) group(n= 15),including single PTE and PTE combined with deep venous thrombosis(DVT) and DVT group(n= 34).Single factor and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the factors influencing primary lung cancer patients with VTE.Clinical manifestation,time of onset and prognosis of patients with VTE were analyzed. Results 49 patients with VTE included 10 patients(20. 4%) with single PTE,34 patients(69.4%)with single DVT and 5 PTE patients combined with DVT(10.2%). D-dimer(OR= 1.560,95% CI= 1.018~2.392,χ2= 4.161,P= 0.041),interleukin-1(IL-1,OR= 1.846,95% CI= 1.054-3.234,χ2= 4.594,P= 0.033),tumor necrosis factor(TNF OR= 1.486,95% CI= 1.014-2.178,χ2 = 4.126,P= 0.042),adenocarcinoma(OR= 2.854,95% CI= 1.217-6.695,χ2= 5.812,P= 0.016)and phaseⅢ-Ⅳ(OR= 2.198,95% CI= 1.122-4.305,χ2= 5.272,P= 0.022) were the factors influencing primary lung cancer patients with VTE.Chest tightness,coughing,accelerated heart rate,swelling and pain in lower limb were common clinical manifestations of primary lung cancer patients with VTE.Most patients with VTE occurred within 3 months after a diagnosis of primary lung cancer.There was no significant difference in the time of onset between PTE group and DVT group(P> 0.05).As of July 2014,31 cases(63.2%) died,12 cases(24.5%)survived,and 6 cases(12.2%)lost in 49 patients with VTE.The median survival time of 49 patients with VTE was 9.5 months.The median survival time of PTE group was 5. 8 months,while DVT group was 15.2 months,but no significant difference between them(P> 0.05 ). Conclusion Increased D-dimer,increased IL-1,increased TNF,adenocarcinoma and phaseⅢ-Ⅳcould increase the risk of primary lung cancer patients with VTE.There were little typical clinical symptoms in most patients with VTE,which occurred with in 3 months after a diagnosis of primary lung cancer.They had high mortality and needed to take early diagnosis and treatment through auxiliary examination. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Venous thromboembolism; Prognosis