Analysis of risk factors of venous thromboembolism in patients with lung cancer

Abstract

Objective To analyze the risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with lung cancer. Methods A total of 2 949 patients with lung cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2014 to October 2017 were collected. The cases with VTE were assigned to the VTE group (n=59) , and those without VTE were in the non-VTE group (n=2 890) . First, for VTE and non-VTE groups, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), surgery, chemotherapy, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and other factors were used to analyze the risk factors for VTE. Next, for VTE group(n=59), patients were sub-classified in pulmonary embolism (PE) group(n=18) and non-PE group(n=41) according to PE history. The two groups were compared to analyze the risk factors for PE in lung cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Results Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the VTE group and the non-VTE group in surgery, chemotherapy, pathological type, lung cancer staging and coronary heart disease (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis indicated significant differences between the VTE group and the non-VTE group in chemotherapy, adenocarcinoma and lung cancer stage Ⅳ (P<0.05). The difference of BMI between the PE group and the non-PE group was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Coronary heart disease, surgery, chemotherapy, pathological type and lung cancer stage are closely related to VTE in patients with lung cancer. Coronary heart disease, chemotherapy, adenocarcinoma and stage IV of lung cancer may be independent risk factors for VTE in patients with lung cancer. BMI≥25 kg/m2 is one of the significant risk factors for PE in lung cancer patients with DVT. Key words: Lung cancer; Venous thromboembolism; Pulmonary embolism; Risk factors