Abstract
BackgroundThere is growing interest in the use of plants for the treatment and prevention of cancer. Medicinal plants are currently being evaluated as source of promising anticancer agents. In this paper, we have investigated the anticancer potential of plant Allium wallichii, a plant native to Nepal and growing at elevations of 2300–4800 m. This is the first study of its kind for the plant mentioned.MethodsThe dried plant was extracted in aqueous ethanol. Phytochemical screening, anti-microbial assay, anti-oxidant assay, cytotoxicity assay and the flow-cytometric analysis were done for analyzing different phytochemicals present, anti-microbial activity, anti-oxidant activity and anti-cancer properties of Allium wallichii.ResultsWe observed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, reducing sugars and glycosides in the plant extract and the plant showed moderate anti-microbial and anti-oxidant activity. The IC50 values of Allium wallichii in different cancer cell lines are 69.69 μg/ml for Prostate cancer (PC3) cell line, 55.29 μg/ml for Breast Cancer (MCF-7) cell line and 46.51 μg/ml for cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line as compared to Doxorubicin (0.85 μg/ml). The cell viability assay using FACS showed that the IC50value of Allium wallichii for Burkitt’s lymphoma (B-Lymphoma) cell line was 3.817 ± 1.99 mg/ml.ConclusionsAllium wallichii can be an important candidate to be used as an anticancer agent. Separation of pure compounds with bioassay guided extraction, spectrometric analysis and subsequent cytotoxicity assay of the pure bioactive compounds from Allium wallichii is highly recommended as the crude extract itself showed promising cytotoxicity.
Highlights
There is growing interest in the use of plants for the treatment and prevention of cancer
The anti-microbial test of the Allium wallichii was done in different concentrations of the Extract concentration and Zone of inhibition
From the experiments performed, we concluded the presence of different phytochemicals like steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, reducing sugars and glycosides in the plant Allium wallichii
Summary
There is growing interest in the use of plants for the treatment and prevention of cancer. We have investigated the anticancer potential of plant Allium wallichii, a plant native to Nepal and growing at elevations of 2300–4800 m. This is the first study of its kind for the plant mentioned. Scientists are investigating properties of medicinal plants in order to develop novel drugs against disease like cancer, from natural products. Use of phytochemicals from the medicinal plants in cancer treatment, may reduce adverse side effects and help to treat cancer and they have in recent years, shown promising anticancer efficiency against different cancers like. Allium wallichii(AW) Allium wallichii is a monocotyledonous plant falling in order Asparagales, family Amaryllidaceae and Allioideae subfamily It has been used as traditional medicine and spice in Nepal. Extracts that includes Allium sp. is found to exhibit analgesic and fever relieving effects and can be used for the treatment of inflammation, ulcer, viral infection, cancer, eczema, diabetes, senile gangrene, herpes zoster and most importantly Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) [20]
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